D118 || Acknowledged Answers 100%.
What is evidenced-based practice and why is it important in healthcare? correct answers
Evidence-based practice (EBP) is defined by Duke University Medical Center as "the integration
of clinical expertise, patient values and the best research evidence into the decision-making
process for patient care.
DESCRIBE the standard methods for appraising evidence including evidence grading scales.
correct answers Randomized control trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews (SRs) are considered
the goal standards in the types of evidence hierarchical structure.
the Iowa Model of Evidence-Based Practice to Promote Quality Care correct answers IOWA
Model was developed at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics in 1990s to serve as a
guide for nurses to use research findings to help improve patient care. The model was developed
as a pathway or method to EBP - a method to guide the steps to help identify issues, research
solutions and implement changes
ACE Star Model of Knowledge Transformation correct answers The ACE Star Model
emphasizes crucial steps to convert one form of knowledge to the next and incorporate best
research evidence with clinical expertise and patient preferences thereby achieving EBP
the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Model correct answers The Johns Hopkins
Nursing EBP Model is a powerful problem-solving approach to clinical decision-making, and is
accompanied by user-friendly tools to guide individual or group use. It is designed specifically to
meet the needs of the practicing nurse.
the Stetler Model of Evidence-Based Practice. correct answers The Stetler model of research use
is based on the notion that the user's internal characteristics, as well as external environmental
factors, influence use of knowledge.
What are the stages involved in Lewn's change theory and how does this apply to evidenced-
based practice? correct answers Kurt Lewin developed a change model involving three steps:
unfreezing, changing and refreezing. For Lewin, the process of change entails creating the
perception that a change is needed, then moving toward the new, desired level of behavior and,
finally, solidifying that new behavior as the norm.
,Name the domains of wellness and describe each type. correct answers Physical.
Emotional.
Intellectual.
Social.
Spiritual.
Environmental.
Occupational.
FINANCIAL
Explain the reasons why transitions of care increase risks for adverse events. correct answers
Transitions increase the risk of adverse events due to the potential for miscommunication as
responsibility is given to new parties. Hospital discharge is a complex process representing a
time of significant vulnerability for patients
Describe different models of chronic care coordination. correct answers Several models of care
have been established, including Patient-Centered Medical Homes (PCMHs), self-management
programs, house call or home-based primary care programs, and distance chronic disease
programs (telehealth)`
Explain the difference between synchronous and asynchronous telemedicine and the significance
of this type of healthcare delivery in the US. correct answers Synchronous or real-time telehealth
requires the presence of both parties at the same time and a communication link between them
that allows a real-time interaction to take place. Videoconferencing equipment is one of the most
common forms of technologies used in synchronous telehealth. There are also peripheral devices
that can be attached to computers or the videoconferencing equipment, which can aid in an
interactive examination.
Asynchronous telehealth involves acquiring medical data (e.g., medical images, biosignals, voice
recordings) and then transmitting these data to a doctor or medical specialist at a convenient time
for assessment offline. It does not require the presence of both parties at the same time.
,What are the key components of social determinants of health and why are they significant?
correct answers Social determinants of health (SDOH) are the conditions in the environments
where people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age that affect a wide range of
health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks.
Identify two national initiatives to improve health care quality and patient care throughout the
US correct answers Better CareImprove quality by making health care more person-centered,
reliable, accessible, and safe.
Describe the NNDSS. correct answers The National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System
(NNDSS) is a nationwide collaboration that enables all levels of public health (local, state,
territorial, federal, and international) to share health information to monitor, control, and prevent
the occurrence and spread of state-reportable and nationally notifiable
What is included in palliative care? correct answers Aligning treatment outcomes with the
patient's values and preferences.
Improving quality of life for both the patient and the family.
Minimizing pain and discomfort.
Alleviating emotional distress, anxiety, or depression.
Assisting with safety, mobility, and equipment.
Spiritual counseling.
More items...
Explain the epidemiologic triad for infectious disease causation. correct answers The triad
consists of an external agent, a susceptible host, and an environment that brings the host and
agent together. In this model, disease results from the interaction between the agent and the
susceptible host in an environment that supports transmission of the agent from a source to that
host.
Describe the prevention framework and its various levels. correct answers Primary Prevention—
intervening before health effects occur, through measures such as vaccinations, altering risky
, behaviors (poor eating habits, tobacco use), and banning substances known to be associated with
a disease or health condition.8,9
2. Secondary Prevention—screening to identify diseases in the earliest stages, before the onset of
signs and symptoms, through measures such as mammography and regular blood pressure
testing.10
3. Tertiary Prevention—managing disease post diagnosis to slow or stop disease progression
through measures such as chemotherapy, rehabili- tation, and screening for complications.11
Which health conditions are included in the Healthy People 2030 objectives. How have the 2030
objectives changed from Healthy People 2020? correct answers For the first time, Healthy
People 2030 also sets 10-year targets for objectives related to social determinants of health. And
we've updated our health literacy definition for the first time in 20 years to emphasize how both
individuals and organizations can help improve health literacy.
In addition, Healthy People 2030 features 8 Overall Health and Well-Being Measures (OHMs)
Discuss the current screening guidelines for the following conditions in Adults: HIV infection,
colorectal cancer, high blood pressure, unhealthy drug use, hepatitis C, abdominal aortic
aneurysm, breast cancer, cervical cancer, and osteoporosis. correct answers HIV infection-The
USPSTF recommends that clinicians screen for HIV infection in adolescents and adults aged 15
to 65 years. Younger adolescents and older adults who are at increased risk of infection should
also be screened. See the Clinical Considerations section for more information about assessment
of risk, screening intervals, and rescreening in pregnancy. Current CDC guidelines recommend
testing for HIV infection with an antigen/antibody immunoassay approved by the US Food and
Drug Administration that detects HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies and the HIV-1 p24 antigen, with
supplemental testing following a reactive assay to differentiate between HIV-1 and HIV-2
antibodies. If supplemental testing for HIV-1/HIV-2 antibodies is nonreactive or indeterminate
(or if acute HIV infection or recent exposure is suspected or reported), an HIV-1 nucleic acid test
is recommended to differentiate acute HIV-1 infection from a false-positive test result
Describe the screening guidelines for abnormal blood glucose and type 2 diabetes mellitus for
adults aged 40-70 years who are overweight or obese. correct answers Prediabetes and type 2
diabetes can be detected by measuring fasting plasma glucose or HbA1c level, or with an oral
glucose tolerance test. A fasting plasma glucose level of 126 mg/dL (6.99 mmol/L) or greater, an
HbA1c level of 6.5% or greater, or a 2-hour postload glucose level of 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L)
or greater are consistent with the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. A fasting plasma glucose level of
What is evidenced-based practice and why is it important in healthcare? correct answers
Evidence-based practice (EBP) is defined by Duke University Medical Center as "the integration
of clinical expertise, patient values and the best research evidence into the decision-making
process for patient care.
DESCRIBE the standard methods for appraising evidence including evidence grading scales.
correct answers Randomized control trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews (SRs) are considered
the goal standards in the types of evidence hierarchical structure.
the Iowa Model of Evidence-Based Practice to Promote Quality Care correct answers IOWA
Model was developed at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics in 1990s to serve as a
guide for nurses to use research findings to help improve patient care. The model was developed
as a pathway or method to EBP - a method to guide the steps to help identify issues, research
solutions and implement changes
ACE Star Model of Knowledge Transformation correct answers The ACE Star Model
emphasizes crucial steps to convert one form of knowledge to the next and incorporate best
research evidence with clinical expertise and patient preferences thereby achieving EBP
the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Model correct answers The Johns Hopkins
Nursing EBP Model is a powerful problem-solving approach to clinical decision-making, and is
accompanied by user-friendly tools to guide individual or group use. It is designed specifically to
meet the needs of the practicing nurse.
the Stetler Model of Evidence-Based Practice. correct answers The Stetler model of research use
is based on the notion that the user's internal characteristics, as well as external environmental
factors, influence use of knowledge.
What are the stages involved in Lewn's change theory and how does this apply to evidenced-
based practice? correct answers Kurt Lewin developed a change model involving three steps:
unfreezing, changing and refreezing. For Lewin, the process of change entails creating the
perception that a change is needed, then moving toward the new, desired level of behavior and,
finally, solidifying that new behavior as the norm.
,Name the domains of wellness and describe each type. correct answers Physical.
Emotional.
Intellectual.
Social.
Spiritual.
Environmental.
Occupational.
FINANCIAL
Explain the reasons why transitions of care increase risks for adverse events. correct answers
Transitions increase the risk of adverse events due to the potential for miscommunication as
responsibility is given to new parties. Hospital discharge is a complex process representing a
time of significant vulnerability for patients
Describe different models of chronic care coordination. correct answers Several models of care
have been established, including Patient-Centered Medical Homes (PCMHs), self-management
programs, house call or home-based primary care programs, and distance chronic disease
programs (telehealth)`
Explain the difference between synchronous and asynchronous telemedicine and the significance
of this type of healthcare delivery in the US. correct answers Synchronous or real-time telehealth
requires the presence of both parties at the same time and a communication link between them
that allows a real-time interaction to take place. Videoconferencing equipment is one of the most
common forms of technologies used in synchronous telehealth. There are also peripheral devices
that can be attached to computers or the videoconferencing equipment, which can aid in an
interactive examination.
Asynchronous telehealth involves acquiring medical data (e.g., medical images, biosignals, voice
recordings) and then transmitting these data to a doctor or medical specialist at a convenient time
for assessment offline. It does not require the presence of both parties at the same time.
,What are the key components of social determinants of health and why are they significant?
correct answers Social determinants of health (SDOH) are the conditions in the environments
where people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age that affect a wide range of
health, functioning, and quality-of-life outcomes and risks.
Identify two national initiatives to improve health care quality and patient care throughout the
US correct answers Better CareImprove quality by making health care more person-centered,
reliable, accessible, and safe.
Describe the NNDSS. correct answers The National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System
(NNDSS) is a nationwide collaboration that enables all levels of public health (local, state,
territorial, federal, and international) to share health information to monitor, control, and prevent
the occurrence and spread of state-reportable and nationally notifiable
What is included in palliative care? correct answers Aligning treatment outcomes with the
patient's values and preferences.
Improving quality of life for both the patient and the family.
Minimizing pain and discomfort.
Alleviating emotional distress, anxiety, or depression.
Assisting with safety, mobility, and equipment.
Spiritual counseling.
More items...
Explain the epidemiologic triad for infectious disease causation. correct answers The triad
consists of an external agent, a susceptible host, and an environment that brings the host and
agent together. In this model, disease results from the interaction between the agent and the
susceptible host in an environment that supports transmission of the agent from a source to that
host.
Describe the prevention framework and its various levels. correct answers Primary Prevention—
intervening before health effects occur, through measures such as vaccinations, altering risky
, behaviors (poor eating habits, tobacco use), and banning substances known to be associated with
a disease or health condition.8,9
2. Secondary Prevention—screening to identify diseases in the earliest stages, before the onset of
signs and symptoms, through measures such as mammography and regular blood pressure
testing.10
3. Tertiary Prevention—managing disease post diagnosis to slow or stop disease progression
through measures such as chemotherapy, rehabili- tation, and screening for complications.11
Which health conditions are included in the Healthy People 2030 objectives. How have the 2030
objectives changed from Healthy People 2020? correct answers For the first time, Healthy
People 2030 also sets 10-year targets for objectives related to social determinants of health. And
we've updated our health literacy definition for the first time in 20 years to emphasize how both
individuals and organizations can help improve health literacy.
In addition, Healthy People 2030 features 8 Overall Health and Well-Being Measures (OHMs)
Discuss the current screening guidelines for the following conditions in Adults: HIV infection,
colorectal cancer, high blood pressure, unhealthy drug use, hepatitis C, abdominal aortic
aneurysm, breast cancer, cervical cancer, and osteoporosis. correct answers HIV infection-The
USPSTF recommends that clinicians screen for HIV infection in adolescents and adults aged 15
to 65 years. Younger adolescents and older adults who are at increased risk of infection should
also be screened. See the Clinical Considerations section for more information about assessment
of risk, screening intervals, and rescreening in pregnancy. Current CDC guidelines recommend
testing for HIV infection with an antigen/antibody immunoassay approved by the US Food and
Drug Administration that detects HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies and the HIV-1 p24 antigen, with
supplemental testing following a reactive assay to differentiate between HIV-1 and HIV-2
antibodies. If supplemental testing for HIV-1/HIV-2 antibodies is nonreactive or indeterminate
(or if acute HIV infection or recent exposure is suspected or reported), an HIV-1 nucleic acid test
is recommended to differentiate acute HIV-1 infection from a false-positive test result
Describe the screening guidelines for abnormal blood glucose and type 2 diabetes mellitus for
adults aged 40-70 years who are overweight or obese. correct answers Prediabetes and type 2
diabetes can be detected by measuring fasting plasma glucose or HbA1c level, or with an oral
glucose tolerance test. A fasting plasma glucose level of 126 mg/dL (6.99 mmol/L) or greater, an
HbA1c level of 6.5% or greater, or a 2-hour postload glucose level of 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L)
or greater are consistent with the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. A fasting plasma glucose level of
