PTAP 1350 - EXAM 2 REVIEW - QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 2026.
Blood flow through the heart: - (answer)Right atrium----tricuspid valve----right ventricle---pulmonary
artery---lungs----pulmonary vein---left atrium----mitral (bicuspid valve)----left ventricle---aorta---arteries-
--arterioles----capillaries---venuoles----veins, vena cava
Main components of CARDIAC CONDUCTION SYSTEM - (answer)SA node
AV node
bundle of His
bundle branches
Purkinje fibers
SA node (sinoatrial node) function? - (answer)aka Anatomical Pacemaker - Starts thesequence by
causing atrial muscles to contract
Where does the SA node signal travel through? - (answer)AV node -> Bundle of His -> down bundle
branches -> through Purkinje fibers (causes Ventricles to contract)
Arteriosclerosis - (answer)THICKening and LOSS of Elasticity of the arterial walls
Atherosclerosis is a major cause of? - (answer)CAD- coronary artery disease
When can Atherosclerosis appear? - (answer)When the artery is about 75% OCCLUDED.
Atheriosclerosis- MODIFIABLE causes - (answer)- Cigarette/tobacco smoking
- HBP
- High blood cholesterol levels
Atherosclerosis- NON-Modifiable causes - (answer)- Heredity
- Male sex
, PTAP 1350 - EXAM 2 REVIEW - QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 2026.
- Increased Age
Ways to treat CAD? - (answer)Surgery
PTCA
CABG
Surgery for CAD is done why? - (answer)If conservative medical management fails
PTCA is? - (answer)Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty
CABG is? - (answer)Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
- A procedure to bypass a blocked section of a coronary artery and to deliver oxygen to heart.
- Involves Coronary Stents
ACS is? - (answer)Acute Coronary Syndrome
How does ACS begin? - (answer)When a thrombus occludes a vessel.
During ACS, the SNS does what? - (answer)In an attempt to support vital functions, the Sympathetic
Nervous System responds by increasing myocardial demand such as INCREASED HR, BP, and AFTERLOAD
Symptoms of ACS? - (answer)- Angina
- MI
Angina Pectoris is described as? - (answer)- Chest pain, Left-Sided chest pain.
- Pain may radiate down left arm, upper back, upper abdomen area, and jaw
SOLUTIONS 2026.
Blood flow through the heart: - (answer)Right atrium----tricuspid valve----right ventricle---pulmonary
artery---lungs----pulmonary vein---left atrium----mitral (bicuspid valve)----left ventricle---aorta---arteries-
--arterioles----capillaries---venuoles----veins, vena cava
Main components of CARDIAC CONDUCTION SYSTEM - (answer)SA node
AV node
bundle of His
bundle branches
Purkinje fibers
SA node (sinoatrial node) function? - (answer)aka Anatomical Pacemaker - Starts thesequence by
causing atrial muscles to contract
Where does the SA node signal travel through? - (answer)AV node -> Bundle of His -> down bundle
branches -> through Purkinje fibers (causes Ventricles to contract)
Arteriosclerosis - (answer)THICKening and LOSS of Elasticity of the arterial walls
Atherosclerosis is a major cause of? - (answer)CAD- coronary artery disease
When can Atherosclerosis appear? - (answer)When the artery is about 75% OCCLUDED.
Atheriosclerosis- MODIFIABLE causes - (answer)- Cigarette/tobacco smoking
- HBP
- High blood cholesterol levels
Atherosclerosis- NON-Modifiable causes - (answer)- Heredity
- Male sex
, PTAP 1350 - EXAM 2 REVIEW - QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 2026.
- Increased Age
Ways to treat CAD? - (answer)Surgery
PTCA
CABG
Surgery for CAD is done why? - (answer)If conservative medical management fails
PTCA is? - (answer)Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty
CABG is? - (answer)Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
- A procedure to bypass a blocked section of a coronary artery and to deliver oxygen to heart.
- Involves Coronary Stents
ACS is? - (answer)Acute Coronary Syndrome
How does ACS begin? - (answer)When a thrombus occludes a vessel.
During ACS, the SNS does what? - (answer)In an attempt to support vital functions, the Sympathetic
Nervous System responds by increasing myocardial demand such as INCREASED HR, BP, and AFTERLOAD
Symptoms of ACS? - (answer)- Angina
- MI
Angina Pectoris is described as? - (answer)- Chest pain, Left-Sided chest pain.
- Pain may radiate down left arm, upper back, upper abdomen area, and jaw
