1|Page
NUR 376 Cardiac Nursing Part 1 (Week 3A), Concordia
University School of Nursing||Verified Exam!!!||,
2026/2027-Question NCLEX-Aligned On-Site Prep
Exam||Newest Exam!!!
Miguel, a retired warehouse supervisor, had a myocardial
infarction. Further evaluation revealed he had significant
blockage in his left descending coronary artery. The
blockage resulted in ischemia and cell death for those
cells served by the artery. - Answer-Necrosis
Necrosis is premature cell death caused by cell injury.
Necrosis differs from apoptosis, in that the cellular
destruction results from some form of trauma, rather than
genetic programming. May lead to GANGRENE which is
when dead tissue houses bacteria.
Julianne, who suffers from familial hypercholesterolemia,
presents with xanthomas. Xanthomas are excess
cholesterol deposits, which appear as yellow skin lesions.
What cell process is this - Answer-Intracellular
accumulation.
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Some disease processes stimulate intracellular
accumulations of particles, such as calcium, cholesterol,
and triglycerides, glucose, among other substances. In
familial hypercholesterolemia, a genetic defect causes
decreased cellular uptake of cholesterol, resulting in high
serum cholesterol levels. Cholesterol deposits, known as
xanthomas, may appear to form under the skin.
Janae experienced a frightening ATV accident, in which
her ATV flipped over and she ended up catching a portion
of her upper arm on a barbed wire fence. Although Janae's
injuries healed fully, enlarged, keloid scar formations
remain at the injury site. - Answer-Hyperplasia
cell proliferation, known as hyperplasia, was stimulated as
a result of her injury. A keloid results from overgrowth of
granulation tissue during the wound repair process.
Hypertension that leads to workload on the left ventricle
and thus enlargement would be deemed? - Answer-
Pathological hypertrophy.
No blood vessel growth and increased workload would
lead to ischemia and enlargement of the heart.
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NCLEX TIP: Left ventricular hypertrophy would lead to
displacement of the PMI during chest palpation.
Hyperplasia occurs from which two mechanisms? -
Answer-An INCREASE in the number of cells in a tissue
or organ.
1) hormonal (estrogen stimulating the mitotic division of
breast gland cells; also BPH in older males)
2) overcompensation during regeneration (keloid scars)
Andy has undergone a colonoscopy because his family
has a history of colon cancer. Biopsy of the colon reveals
poorly differentiated cells in the samples. Cells were
abnormally organized, with distorted borders. Infiltration of
the abnormal cells occurred throughout several samples. -
Answer-Malignant neoplasia
Neoplasia is uncontrolled, unregulated cell growth.
Malignancy, when applied to neoplasm, indicates the
cancerous cells are likely to infiltrate other tissues and
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spread. The appearance of malignant cells is far from
normal. Such cells are poorly differentiated and appear to
have a random organization. Biopsy samples of malignant
neoplasia reveal cells moving beyond the borders or
edges of the growth.
Brian, age 28, began an aerobic exercise program 2 years
ago. Brian now competes in long-distance cycling events
and considers himself to be an endurance athlete who is
in the "best shape of his life." An echocardiogram reveals
a slightly enlarged left ventricle. What cellular change or
injury that is best exemplified by the case scenario. -
Answer-Physiologic hypertrophy
An ADAPTIVE type of hypertrophy that occurs due to
extensive exercise, whereby the heart will create new
blood vessel branches (angiogenesis) and there is
increased mitochondria, ATP, and actin/myosin filaments in
the muscle.
Recently, Karen learned that not only does HIV directly
attack CD4 cells, but the presence of the virus seems to
activate pathways responsible for programmed cell death
in CD4 cells. Thus, HIV infection appears to increase the
rate of "suicide" for CD4 cells. - Answer-Apoptosis
NUR 376 Cardiac Nursing Part 1 (Week 3A), Concordia
University School of Nursing||Verified Exam!!!||,
2026/2027-Question NCLEX-Aligned On-Site Prep
Exam||Newest Exam!!!
Miguel, a retired warehouse supervisor, had a myocardial
infarction. Further evaluation revealed he had significant
blockage in his left descending coronary artery. The
blockage resulted in ischemia and cell death for those
cells served by the artery. - Answer-Necrosis
Necrosis is premature cell death caused by cell injury.
Necrosis differs from apoptosis, in that the cellular
destruction results from some form of trauma, rather than
genetic programming. May lead to GANGRENE which is
when dead tissue houses bacteria.
Julianne, who suffers from familial hypercholesterolemia,
presents with xanthomas. Xanthomas are excess
cholesterol deposits, which appear as yellow skin lesions.
What cell process is this - Answer-Intracellular
accumulation.
,2|Page
Some disease processes stimulate intracellular
accumulations of particles, such as calcium, cholesterol,
and triglycerides, glucose, among other substances. In
familial hypercholesterolemia, a genetic defect causes
decreased cellular uptake of cholesterol, resulting in high
serum cholesterol levels. Cholesterol deposits, known as
xanthomas, may appear to form under the skin.
Janae experienced a frightening ATV accident, in which
her ATV flipped over and she ended up catching a portion
of her upper arm on a barbed wire fence. Although Janae's
injuries healed fully, enlarged, keloid scar formations
remain at the injury site. - Answer-Hyperplasia
cell proliferation, known as hyperplasia, was stimulated as
a result of her injury. A keloid results from overgrowth of
granulation tissue during the wound repair process.
Hypertension that leads to workload on the left ventricle
and thus enlargement would be deemed? - Answer-
Pathological hypertrophy.
No blood vessel growth and increased workload would
lead to ischemia and enlargement of the heart.
,3|Page
NCLEX TIP: Left ventricular hypertrophy would lead to
displacement of the PMI during chest palpation.
Hyperplasia occurs from which two mechanisms? -
Answer-An INCREASE in the number of cells in a tissue
or organ.
1) hormonal (estrogen stimulating the mitotic division of
breast gland cells; also BPH in older males)
2) overcompensation during regeneration (keloid scars)
Andy has undergone a colonoscopy because his family
has a history of colon cancer. Biopsy of the colon reveals
poorly differentiated cells in the samples. Cells were
abnormally organized, with distorted borders. Infiltration of
the abnormal cells occurred throughout several samples. -
Answer-Malignant neoplasia
Neoplasia is uncontrolled, unregulated cell growth.
Malignancy, when applied to neoplasm, indicates the
cancerous cells are likely to infiltrate other tissues and
, 4|Page
spread. The appearance of malignant cells is far from
normal. Such cells are poorly differentiated and appear to
have a random organization. Biopsy samples of malignant
neoplasia reveal cells moving beyond the borders or
edges of the growth.
Brian, age 28, began an aerobic exercise program 2 years
ago. Brian now competes in long-distance cycling events
and considers himself to be an endurance athlete who is
in the "best shape of his life." An echocardiogram reveals
a slightly enlarged left ventricle. What cellular change or
injury that is best exemplified by the case scenario. -
Answer-Physiologic hypertrophy
An ADAPTIVE type of hypertrophy that occurs due to
extensive exercise, whereby the heart will create new
blood vessel branches (angiogenesis) and there is
increased mitochondria, ATP, and actin/myosin filaments in
the muscle.
Recently, Karen learned that not only does HIV directly
attack CD4 cells, but the presence of the virus seems to
activate pathways responsible for programmed cell death
in CD4 cells. Thus, HIV infection appears to increase the
rate of "suicide" for CD4 cells. - Answer-Apoptosis
