BIO 112 MIDTERM PREPARATION SHEET
2026 DETAILED SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ Chitin. Answer: Main component of fungal cell walls.
◉ Laetiporus sulphureus. Answer: Known as chicken-of-the-woods
fungus.
◉ Basidiomycota. Answer: Phylum of Laetiporus sulphureus.
◉ Diploid Nucleus in Asci. Answer: Result of meiosis prevention in
sac fungi.
◉ Ascocarp Mutation. Answer: Prevents formation of fruiting bodies.
◉ Plasmogamy. Answer: Fusion of fungal cells maintaining separate
nuclei.
◉ Chitin Interference. Answer: Weakens fungal cell walls when
disrupted.
◉ Septum in Fungi. Answer: Cross wall separating hyphae into cells.
, ◉ Mycelium. Answer: Mass of hyphae in fungi.
◉ Mycorrhizal Fungi. Answer: Aid plants in nutrient absorption from
soil.
◉ Endosperm. Answer: Nutritional tissue in seeds for embryos.
◉ Sporopollenin. Answer: Protective covering on spores.
◉ Angiosperms. Answer: Group of plants containing endosperm.
◉ Ovule. Answer: Structure that becomes seed after fertilization.
◉ Alternation of Generations. Answer: Life cycle includes diploid and
haploid phases.
◉ Streptophyte Algae. Answer: Diploid generation is unicellular.
◉ Spermatophytes. Answer: All living and fossil seed plants.
◉ Double Fertilization. Answer: One sperm fertilizes egg, another
forms endosperm.
2026 DETAILED SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ Chitin. Answer: Main component of fungal cell walls.
◉ Laetiporus sulphureus. Answer: Known as chicken-of-the-woods
fungus.
◉ Basidiomycota. Answer: Phylum of Laetiporus sulphureus.
◉ Diploid Nucleus in Asci. Answer: Result of meiosis prevention in
sac fungi.
◉ Ascocarp Mutation. Answer: Prevents formation of fruiting bodies.
◉ Plasmogamy. Answer: Fusion of fungal cells maintaining separate
nuclei.
◉ Chitin Interference. Answer: Weakens fungal cell walls when
disrupted.
◉ Septum in Fungi. Answer: Cross wall separating hyphae into cells.
, ◉ Mycelium. Answer: Mass of hyphae in fungi.
◉ Mycorrhizal Fungi. Answer: Aid plants in nutrient absorption from
soil.
◉ Endosperm. Answer: Nutritional tissue in seeds for embryos.
◉ Sporopollenin. Answer: Protective covering on spores.
◉ Angiosperms. Answer: Group of plants containing endosperm.
◉ Ovule. Answer: Structure that becomes seed after fertilization.
◉ Alternation of Generations. Answer: Life cycle includes diploid and
haploid phases.
◉ Streptophyte Algae. Answer: Diploid generation is unicellular.
◉ Spermatophytes. Answer: All living and fossil seed plants.
◉ Double Fertilization. Answer: One sperm fertilizes egg, another
forms endosperm.
