PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT MOHAWK
COLLEGE EXAM 2026 FINAL PAPER
DELIVERING FULLY SOLVED CONTENT
◉What are the 7 Ethical Values?. Answer: Client well-being, Client
choice, Privacy and confidentiality, Respect for life, Maintaining
commitments, Truthfulness, and fairness
◉What is the #1 factor that contributes to conflict?. Answer: Poor
communication
◉Approximately _____% of nurses will experience violence during
their career. Answer: 80%
◉What are the 3 types of conflict?. Answer: 1. Nurse-client
2. Nurse -Nurse
3. Nurse-Management
◉What is the purpose of the Regulated Health Professions Act
(1991)?. Answer: • Protect and serve the public by making health
professions open and accountable
,• Describe scope of practice, controlled acts, and regulatory colleges
for each health profession - 22 regulated health professions in
Ontario
• 14 controlled acts which regulated health professionals can
perform - depending on scope, can perform some or all
◉What is an ethical dilemma?. Answer: When two or more ethical
values apply to a situation, but these values support diverging
courses of action, an ethical conflict or dilemma exists.
◉What is the purpose of The Nursing Act (1991)?. Answer: • Of the
14 controlled acts outlined by the RHPA, the Nursing Act (1991)
allows RNs and RPNs to perform 5 controlled acts when ordered or
permitted -An RN or RPN must also ensure they have the knowledge,
skill, and judgment to perform any of these acts
• The Nursing Act (1991) also outlines a Nurses "Scope of Practice"
Other purposes:
• Defines the various classes of nurses that can be registered
• Outlines the regulations for entry to practice for each class
• Provides title protection
• Defines professional misconduct for nurses
,◉What is the Nursing's Scope of Practice Statement?. Answer: The
practice of nursing is the promotion of health and the assessment of,
the provision of, care for, and the treatment of, health conditions by
supportive, preventive, therapeutic, palliative and rehabilitative
means in order to attain or maintain optimal function. (Nursing Act,
1991)
◉What are the 5 Controlled Acts?. Answer: 1. Performing a
prescribed procedure below the dermis or a mucous membrane Ex.
Packing a wound, cleaning a wound
2. Administering a substance by injection or inhalation
Ex. IM, SC injections
3. Putting an instrument, hand, or finger beyond the external ear
canal; beyond the point in the nasal passages where they normally
narrow; beyond the larynx; beyond the opening of the urethra;
beyond the labia majora; beyond the anal verge; or into an artificial
opening into the body Ex. Inserting an NG tube, nasopharyngeal
suctioning, inserting a urinary catheter
4. Dispensing a drug
Ex. Preparing medication for a LOA
5. Psychotherapy
Ex. Treating a client using specific psychotherapy techniques
, ◉What does client choice mean ?. Answer: · Client choice means
self-determination and includes the right to information necessary
to make choices and consent or refuse care
· Clients know the context in which they live and their values and
beliefs As a result, when they have the necessary information, they
can decide what is best for themselves
· Clients who are not competent in all areas of their lives may still be
capable of making sound decisions in some areas and need the
opportunity to do so
· When a client is incompetent, the nurse needs to work with the
substitute decision maker
· In Ontario, legislation and common law require that the wishes of
clients or substitute decision makers be respected
· There are limits; clients do not have the right to choose to endanger
the safety of others or their choice may be restricted by policies
· There may be situations in which clients request nurses to perform
an act that is illegal
· By exploring the implications of the request and providing
education, nurses have a better chance of preventing a practice that
carries considerable risk of harm
· Consideration of clients wishes may be difficult when their beliefs
and values differ from those of the nurse
· Clients have the right to choose a risky course of action
· The nurse may have to leave a particular place of employment in
order to adhere to their beliefs
COLLEGE EXAM 2026 FINAL PAPER
DELIVERING FULLY SOLVED CONTENT
◉What are the 7 Ethical Values?. Answer: Client well-being, Client
choice, Privacy and confidentiality, Respect for life, Maintaining
commitments, Truthfulness, and fairness
◉What is the #1 factor that contributes to conflict?. Answer: Poor
communication
◉Approximately _____% of nurses will experience violence during
their career. Answer: 80%
◉What are the 3 types of conflict?. Answer: 1. Nurse-client
2. Nurse -Nurse
3. Nurse-Management
◉What is the purpose of the Regulated Health Professions Act
(1991)?. Answer: • Protect and serve the public by making health
professions open and accountable
,• Describe scope of practice, controlled acts, and regulatory colleges
for each health profession - 22 regulated health professions in
Ontario
• 14 controlled acts which regulated health professionals can
perform - depending on scope, can perform some or all
◉What is an ethical dilemma?. Answer: When two or more ethical
values apply to a situation, but these values support diverging
courses of action, an ethical conflict or dilemma exists.
◉What is the purpose of The Nursing Act (1991)?. Answer: • Of the
14 controlled acts outlined by the RHPA, the Nursing Act (1991)
allows RNs and RPNs to perform 5 controlled acts when ordered or
permitted -An RN or RPN must also ensure they have the knowledge,
skill, and judgment to perform any of these acts
• The Nursing Act (1991) also outlines a Nurses "Scope of Practice"
Other purposes:
• Defines the various classes of nurses that can be registered
• Outlines the regulations for entry to practice for each class
• Provides title protection
• Defines professional misconduct for nurses
,◉What is the Nursing's Scope of Practice Statement?. Answer: The
practice of nursing is the promotion of health and the assessment of,
the provision of, care for, and the treatment of, health conditions by
supportive, preventive, therapeutic, palliative and rehabilitative
means in order to attain or maintain optimal function. (Nursing Act,
1991)
◉What are the 5 Controlled Acts?. Answer: 1. Performing a
prescribed procedure below the dermis or a mucous membrane Ex.
Packing a wound, cleaning a wound
2. Administering a substance by injection or inhalation
Ex. IM, SC injections
3. Putting an instrument, hand, or finger beyond the external ear
canal; beyond the point in the nasal passages where they normally
narrow; beyond the larynx; beyond the opening of the urethra;
beyond the labia majora; beyond the anal verge; or into an artificial
opening into the body Ex. Inserting an NG tube, nasopharyngeal
suctioning, inserting a urinary catheter
4. Dispensing a drug
Ex. Preparing medication for a LOA
5. Psychotherapy
Ex. Treating a client using specific psychotherapy techniques
, ◉What does client choice mean ?. Answer: · Client choice means
self-determination and includes the right to information necessary
to make choices and consent or refuse care
· Clients know the context in which they live and their values and
beliefs As a result, when they have the necessary information, they
can decide what is best for themselves
· Clients who are not competent in all areas of their lives may still be
capable of making sound decisions in some areas and need the
opportunity to do so
· When a client is incompetent, the nurse needs to work with the
substitute decision maker
· In Ontario, legislation and common law require that the wishes of
clients or substitute decision makers be respected
· There are limits; clients do not have the right to choose to endanger
the safety of others or their choice may be restricted by policies
· There may be situations in which clients request nurses to perform
an act that is illegal
· By exploring the implications of the request and providing
education, nurses have a better chance of preventing a practice that
carries considerable risk of harm
· Consideration of clients wishes may be difficult when their beliefs
and values differ from those of the nurse
· Clients have the right to choose a risky course of action
· The nurse may have to leave a particular place of employment in
order to adhere to their beliefs
