Summary NR667 / NR 667 VISE STUDY GUIDE (LATEST UPDATE)

Summary NR667 / NR 667 VISE STUDY GUIDE (LATEST UPDATE) Hypertension - CORRECT Answer Elevated blood pressure (140/90 mm Hg) leading to asymptomatic or symptomatic presentation including occipital headaches, blurry vision, and microvascular or macrovascular clinical findings. Microvascular - CORRECT Answer Clinical findings related to hypertension retinopathy and kidney damage including AV nicking, papilledema, microalbuminuria, proteinuria, elevated serum creatinine, abnormal eGFR, and peripheral or generalized edema. Macrovascular - CORRECT Answer Clinical findings related to hypertension's impact on the heart and brain including S3 (CHF), S4 (LVH), carotid bruits, decreased or absent peripheral pulses, and TIA or hemorrhagic stroke. Hypertension Diagnosis - CORRECT Answer Diagnosis of hypertension is made when blood pressure is consistently 140/90 mm Hg, leading to the initiation of blood pressure medication. Hypertension Pharmacologic Management - CORRECT Answer Pharmacologic management includes first-line diuretic (Hydrochlorothiazide), alternative CCB (Amlodipine besylate), ACE inhibitors (lisinopril), and consideration of ACE/ARB in specific patient populations. Hypertension Follow-up - CORRECT Answer Patients should be followed up every 2-4 weeks, and referrals should be made to cardiology if EKG is abnormal. Hyperlipidemia - CORRECT Answer Elevated levels of lipids in the blood leading to asymptomatic presentation until the development of ASCVD, with symptoms including xanthomata, corneal arcus, angina, bruits, MI, and stroke. Hyperlipidemia Diagnosis - CORRECT Answer Diagnosis is confirmed when the optimal goal of LDL is 100 mg/dL, and patients with LDL = 190mg/dL are candidates for high-intensity statin therapy. Hyperlipidemia Pharmacologic Management - CORRECT Answer Pharmacologic management includes first-line atorvastatin, simvastatin, pravastatin, or rosuvastatin, and alternative Welchol for statin intolerance. Hyperlipidemia Follow-up - CORRECT Answer Patients should be re-checked every 6-8 weeks until goal is achieved, and referrals should be made to a nutritionist. Diabetes Type 2 - CORRECT Answer Insulin resistance in target tissues, abnormal insulin secretion, or decrease in insulin receptors leading to symptoms such as polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, agitation, nervousness, obesity, fatigue, and chronic skin infections.