FINAL EXAM REVIEW PSYC 3331 QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026

FINAL EXAM REVIEW PSYC 3331 QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026 Attribution theory - Answers characteristics of people and reasons for their actions Assumptions - Answers individuals attempt to assign causes for behavior Causes - Answers have important interpersonal consequences for the perceiver and the perceived Correspondent Inference - Answers systematically accounts for a perceiver's inferences about what an actor was trying to achieve by a particular action Snapshot attribution Theory - Answers based on limited information Actions - Answers Behavior (observable) Dispositions - Answers Motives (unobservable) Acts aren't forced - Answers HI Rational Acts aren't expected - Answers Rational LO Acts help/hinder the perceiver - Answers HI irrational Especially when just the perceiver (& no one else) is helped/hindered - Answers HI irrational Submariner/Astronaut Experiment - Answers LO expectedness is more informative Attributional Biases - Answers Perceivers may be like "naive scientists" but they show a kind of experimenter bias too Jones & Harris (1967) Choice experiment (unexpected bias) - Answers choice = perceived feelings Loneliness - Answers Feeling of deprivation about existing social relations Who is most lonely? - Answers Young people 18-30, single but more so divorced, and widowed Beautiful is good sterotype - Answers The belief that physically attractive individuals also possess desirable personality characteristics Mere Exposure - Answers The phenomenon whereby the more often people are exposed to a stimulus, the more positively they evaluate that stimulus Similarity leads to attraction - Answers Research shows that people are consistently drawn to those similar to us Evolutionary perspective (Mate Selection) Males - Answers Physically attractive: young, healthy, women who don't sleep around (for paternity reasons) Evolutionary perspective (Mate Selection) Females - Answers Earning prospects: protection and provisions for future children/family Exchange Relationship - Answers A relationship in which the participants expect and desire strict reciprocity in their interactions (reward based model) Communal Relationship - Answers A relationship in which the participants expect and desire mutual responsiveness to each other's needs (without regard for giving or receiving benefits) Equity Theory - Answers The Theory that people are most satisfied with a relationship when the ratio between benefits and contributions is similar for both partners (balance) Comparison Level - Answers Refers to average expected outcomes (judging new people against former lovers/friends) Comparison Level Alternatives - Answers People's expectations about what they would receive in an alternate situation (Comparing alternate romantic partner options currently available) Passionate Love - Answers Romantic love characterized by high arousal, intense attraction, and fear of rejection (Heightened state of physiological arousal, belief that arousal was triggered by beloved person) Companionate Love - Answers A secure, trusting, stable partnership. High levels of self-disclosure. (Slow and steady wins the race) Marital Trajectory - Answers Dips: 1 year, 7 year itch. Rate: 40% of first marriages end in divorce with subsequent are higher Marital Satisfaction - Answers Beat the slump: new experiences Evolutionary Perspective - Answers Kin selection: protecting those who share our genetic makeup even if it kills us (seeming going against survival of fittest) Reciprocal altruism - Answers helping someone else not related because it increases the likelihood that you will be helped in return Indirect altruism - Answers helping someone because they're a part of you group (I help you and somebody else helps me) Altruistic Helping - Answers Motivated by the desire to improve another's welfare. How the other person feels. Egoistic Helping - Answers Motivated by the desire to increase one's own welfare Batson's Empathy-Altruism Research - Answers It depends on whether one can obtain the relevant self-benefits without relieving the other's need Egoistic Motive (escape effect) - Answers If an individual can escape the situation easily, helping should decline Altruistic Motive (escape effect) - Answers Help will be given regardless of the ease of escape Good mood effect - Answers The effect whereby good mood increases helping behavior Bad mood effect - Answers Does not always equal less helpful - guilt, chances to increase happiness, focus on other's suffering, and/or acceptance of self mood responsibility will result in helping behavior Social Responsibility - Answers A moral standard emphasizing that people should help those who need assistance Social Justice - Answers Sense of duty and obligation (justice/fairness) resulting in being driven by the belief that this person "deserves" their assistance vs. the belief the person simply needs it Collectivist Culture giving help - Answers More responsive to helping the immediate needs of a particular person, but less helpful in abstract situations. Less likely to help outgroup/strangers Individualistic Culture giving help - Answers Less responsive to helping the immediate needs of a particular person, but more helpful in abstract situations. More likely to help outgroup/strangers - social justice is a factor Conformity - Answers The tendency to change our perceptions, opinions, or behavior in ways that are consistent with group norms Compliance - Answers Changes in behavior that are elicited by direct requests Obedience - Answers Behavior change produced by the commands of authority Sherif's Autokinetic Effect Research - Answers With other people, people collectively estimated how far the light was moving (believing others are correct) vs. alone appears to be moving far (light not moving at all) Asch's Conformity Research - Answers Many are willing to compromise our own judgement to avoid the discomfort of being seen as different Normative Influence - Answers Influence that produces conformity when a person fears the negative social consequences of appearing deviant