Informational Influence - Answers Influence that produces conformity when a person believes others
are correct in their judgments (accepting evidence provided by others when unsure)
How Minorities can be Powerful - Answers Forceful, persistent, and unwavering in support of their
position BUT must appear flexible and open-minded
Foot-in-the-door - Answers Two step compliance technique in which an influencer sets the stage for a
real request by getting the person to comply with a much smaller request
Lowballing - Answers Two step compliance technique in which the influencer secures agreement with
a request but then increases that size of the request by revealing hidden costs
Door-in-the-face - Answers Two step compliance technique in which the influencer prefaces the real
request with a HUGE request that is rejected
That's not all - Answers Two step compliance technique in which the influencer begins with an
inflated request then decreases its apparent size by offering a discount or bonus
Milgram's Obedience: increased obedience - Answers the closer the authority figure is, the more
obedience is demonstrated.
Milgram's Obedience: reduced obedience - Answers proximity to subject and when the illusion of
unanimity is broken, the majority of people stop participating in an activity that is morally wrong
Interdependence - Answers Individual members must depend, to some degree, on the output of the
collective members.
Social interaction - Answers Accomplishing a goal requires some form of verbal or nonverbal
communication among members.
deindividuation - Answers Individuals' loss of self-awareness when in a group
groupthink - Answers A psychological phenomenon that occurs within groups of people, in which the
desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives.
Aggression - Answers Behavior intended to harm another individual
Revised Frustration-Aggression - Answers aggression is a more general example of the relationship
between unpleasant stimuli and negative affect. This negative affect can trigger either "fight or flight",
as well as a set of associated thoughts and reactions related to such experiences.
Weapons Effect - Answers The tendency that the likelihood of aggression will increase by the mere
presence of weapons
Group think - Answers A group decision-making style characterized by an excessive tendency among
group members to seek concurrence
Group think Prevention and Cures - Answers the best thing a leader can do to prevent Groupthink is
to take a step back from his or her team, and allow the group to reach its own independent consensus
before making a final decision. Leaders can also be helpful by encouraging the members of the group
to speak their minds openly so that different perspectives are discussed and debated.
Eyewitness Testimony - Answers an account given by people of an event they have witnessed
Discrediting - Answers cause (an idea or piece of evidence) to seem false or unreliable.
Confidence - Answers
Misinformation Effect - Answers occurs when misleading information is incorporated into one's
memory after an event
Bonta's (1997) Research on Nonviolent Societies - Answers The large majority of these societies
strongly opposes competition and endorses cooperation in all aspects of their lives.
Relational Aggression - Answers Indirect aggression that specifically targets a person's relationship or
social status.
Gender Connection - Answers Girls are as aggressive as boys on relational forms of aggression.
Biological Factors and Aggression - Answers positive correlation between testosterone and physical
aggression. Low levels of serotonin in the nervous system are associated with high levels of aggression
Social Learning Theory - Answers Theory that behavior is learned through the observation of others
as well as through the direct experience of rewards and punishments
Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis - Answers The idea that frustration always elicits the motive to
aggress and all aggression is caused by frustration
Displacement - Answers Aggressing against a substitute target because aggressive acts against the
source of the frustration are inhibited by fear or lack of access
Catharsis - Answers A reduction of the motive to aggress that is said to result from any imagined
observed or actual act of aggression