Renal Failure Types, Causes, and Treatments in
Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam Newest 2026
Questions and Correct Detailed Answers Already
Graded A+
What is renal failure? - CORRECT ANSWER-Inability of the nephrons in the
kidneys to maintain fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance, excrete nitrogenous
waste products, and perform regulatory functions.
What is acute kidney injury (AKI)? - CORRECT ANSWER-Sudden onset of rapid
decrease in renal function, potentially reversible with early aggressive treatment.
What treatments are available for acute kidney injury? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Treat the cause, fluid resuscitation, manage clinical manifestations, and correct
electrolyte imbalances.
What is the recovery phase in acute kidney injury? - CORRECT ANSWER-A
phase that may take 3 to 12 months or longer, where glomerular filtration and
tubular function are restored.
, What are the three types of causes for acute kidney injury? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Pre-renal, intra-renal, and post-renal causes.
What is the oliguria phase in acute kidney injury? - CORRECT ANSWER-A phase
that begins within 48 hours and may last 14 days or longer, characterized by low
urine output and signs of edema.
What lab results indicate acute kidney injury? - CORRECT ANSWER-Elevated
BUN and creatinine, decreased pH and bicarbonate, elevated potassium, and
decreased GFR.
What is chronic kidney disease (CKD)? - CORRECT ANSWER-A gradual decline
in kidney function that is usually irreversible, often due to diabetes or
hypertension.
What are common risk factors for chronic renal failure? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Diabetes, hypertension, exposure to nephrotoxins, polycystic disease, and older
age.
What does ESRD stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER-End-stage renal disease,
indicating significant loss of kidney function.
Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam Newest 2026
Questions and Correct Detailed Answers Already
Graded A+
What is renal failure? - CORRECT ANSWER-Inability of the nephrons in the
kidneys to maintain fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance, excrete nitrogenous
waste products, and perform regulatory functions.
What is acute kidney injury (AKI)? - CORRECT ANSWER-Sudden onset of rapid
decrease in renal function, potentially reversible with early aggressive treatment.
What treatments are available for acute kidney injury? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Treat the cause, fluid resuscitation, manage clinical manifestations, and correct
electrolyte imbalances.
What is the recovery phase in acute kidney injury? - CORRECT ANSWER-A
phase that may take 3 to 12 months or longer, where glomerular filtration and
tubular function are restored.
, What are the three types of causes for acute kidney injury? - CORRECT
ANSWER-Pre-renal, intra-renal, and post-renal causes.
What is the oliguria phase in acute kidney injury? - CORRECT ANSWER-A phase
that begins within 48 hours and may last 14 days or longer, characterized by low
urine output and signs of edema.
What lab results indicate acute kidney injury? - CORRECT ANSWER-Elevated
BUN and creatinine, decreased pH and bicarbonate, elevated potassium, and
decreased GFR.
What is chronic kidney disease (CKD)? - CORRECT ANSWER-A gradual decline
in kidney function that is usually irreversible, often due to diabetes or
hypertension.
What are common risk factors for chronic renal failure? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Diabetes, hypertension, exposure to nephrotoxins, polycystic disease, and older
age.
What does ESRD stand for? - CORRECT ANSWER-End-stage renal disease,
indicating significant loss of kidney function.
