UNCW Biology 201 Final Exam questions
with complete solutions
Cyclin - ANSWER-Cellular protein that play an important role in regulating the cell
cycle.
Genome - ANSWER-Consists of the complete genetic sequence of a cell.
Somatic Cells - ANSWER-Non-reproductive cells.
Have two sets up chromosomes making it a 'diploid' cell.
Gametes - ANSWER-Reproducing cells (egg and sperm)
Have only a single set of chromosomes making it a 'haploid' cell.
What are the two main phases of the cell cycle? - ANSWER-1. Interphase
2. Mitotic Phase (Mitosis & cytokinesis)
Mitosis - ANSWER-A process of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells that conserves
the number of chromosomes.
-produces two daughter cells identical to parent cells. (n=46)
What are the five stages of Mitosis? - ANSWER-1. Prophase
2. Prometaphase
,3. Metaphase
4. Anaphase
5. Telophase
Prophase - ANSWER-1st stage of mitosis
Chromosomes begin to condense and form a mitotic spindle.
Prometaphase and metaphase - ANSWER-2nd and 3rd stage of mitosis
-Microtubules (spindle fibers) attach to the kinetochore (form at centromeres of
chromatids) of chromosomes
-Chromosoms align on the metaphase plate
Anaphase - ANSWER-4th stage of mitosis
Chromatids split of each chromosome and heads towards opposite poles of the
cell
Telophase - ANSWER-5th stage of mitosis
-nucleus divides into two daughter nuclei
-cytokinesis has begun
Cytokinesis - ANSWER-The division of the cytoplasm to form two separate
daughter cells after mitosis, meiosis I & meiosis II
, Meiosis - ANSWER--A type of cell division that occurs in two stages (Meiosis I &
Meiosis II) and produces 4 daughter cells with half as many chromosomes as the
parent cell
(Diploid cell to haploid cell)
-Daughter cells have half as many chromosomes as parent cells
Chromosomes - ANSWER--Carry genetic information
-In nucleus of eukaryotic cells
-Consist of DNA and protein
What are three events that occur in Meiosis but not Mitosis? - ANSWER-1.
Synapsis and crossing over in Prophase I: Homologous chromosomes connect and
exchange genetic information b/w non-sister chromatids.
2. Paired homologous chromosomes (tetrads) are at metaphase plate in Meiosis,
instead of individual separated chromosomes as in Mitosis
3. At anaphase 1 the homologous chromosomes separate instead of sister
chromatids
Hybridization - ANSWER-When two organisms are crossed with contrasting
characteristics
True Breeding - ANSWER-When the P generation always passes down a specific
phenotypic trait
P Generation - ANSWER-Parent generation
with complete solutions
Cyclin - ANSWER-Cellular protein that play an important role in regulating the cell
cycle.
Genome - ANSWER-Consists of the complete genetic sequence of a cell.
Somatic Cells - ANSWER-Non-reproductive cells.
Have two sets up chromosomes making it a 'diploid' cell.
Gametes - ANSWER-Reproducing cells (egg and sperm)
Have only a single set of chromosomes making it a 'haploid' cell.
What are the two main phases of the cell cycle? - ANSWER-1. Interphase
2. Mitotic Phase (Mitosis & cytokinesis)
Mitosis - ANSWER-A process of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells that conserves
the number of chromosomes.
-produces two daughter cells identical to parent cells. (n=46)
What are the five stages of Mitosis? - ANSWER-1. Prophase
2. Prometaphase
,3. Metaphase
4. Anaphase
5. Telophase
Prophase - ANSWER-1st stage of mitosis
Chromosomes begin to condense and form a mitotic spindle.
Prometaphase and metaphase - ANSWER-2nd and 3rd stage of mitosis
-Microtubules (spindle fibers) attach to the kinetochore (form at centromeres of
chromatids) of chromosomes
-Chromosoms align on the metaphase plate
Anaphase - ANSWER-4th stage of mitosis
Chromatids split of each chromosome and heads towards opposite poles of the
cell
Telophase - ANSWER-5th stage of mitosis
-nucleus divides into two daughter nuclei
-cytokinesis has begun
Cytokinesis - ANSWER-The division of the cytoplasm to form two separate
daughter cells after mitosis, meiosis I & meiosis II
, Meiosis - ANSWER--A type of cell division that occurs in two stages (Meiosis I &
Meiosis II) and produces 4 daughter cells with half as many chromosomes as the
parent cell
(Diploid cell to haploid cell)
-Daughter cells have half as many chromosomes as parent cells
Chromosomes - ANSWER--Carry genetic information
-In nucleus of eukaryotic cells
-Consist of DNA and protein
What are three events that occur in Meiosis but not Mitosis? - ANSWER-1.
Synapsis and crossing over in Prophase I: Homologous chromosomes connect and
exchange genetic information b/w non-sister chromatids.
2. Paired homologous chromosomes (tetrads) are at metaphase plate in Meiosis,
instead of individual separated chromosomes as in Mitosis
3. At anaphase 1 the homologous chromosomes separate instead of sister
chromatids
Hybridization - ANSWER-When two organisms are crossed with contrasting
characteristics
True Breeding - ANSWER-When the P generation always passes down a specific
phenotypic trait
P Generation - ANSWER-Parent generation
