HESI PHARMACOLOGY EVOLVE EXAM TEST BANK 2026
|70 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
EXPLANATIONS | GRADED A+ | VERIFIED ANSWERS |
LATEST EXAM (JUST RELEASED) 2026-2027
A client is receiving the third course of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) therapy for a tumor of
the liver. Which action should the practical nurse implement to reduce the
client's risk for stomatitis?
D) Examine mouth daily for bleeding, white spots, and ulcerations.
Feedback:
5-fluorouracil (5FU) is an antimetabolite, antineoplastic agent that causes
sloughing of the rapid proliferating epithelial cells of the oral mucosa causing
ulceration, bleeding, and oral candidiasis (thrush). Daily examination of the
oral mucosa (D) should be implemented to identify signs of stomatitis, such as
white spots, ulcerations, and bleeding of the mouth, so early intervention can be
implemented. Oral commercial products usually contain alcohol, which
contributes to inflammation of the oral mucosa, and should be avoided (A).
Although monitoring the stool for bleeding (B) should be implemented,
stomatitis occurs in 75% of clients who receive 5FU. Foods high in fiber and
citric acid should also be avoided (C) to reduce pain and trauma to the mouth.
,Which instruction should the practical nurse (PN) reinforce with a client who is
taking disulfiram (Antabuse)?
B) Avoid using any over-the-counter substances containing alcohol. Feedback:
The use of disulfiram (Antabuse) with over-the-counter (OTC) products that
contain alcohol causes severe adverse reactions, such as severe nausea,
vomiting, chest pain, hyperventilation, tachycardia, seizures, and
cardiovascular collapse, and should be avoided (B). Although a smoking
cessation program is always a good health recommendation (A), it is not a
priority with Antabuse. (C) is inaccurate. Small amounts, as little as 7 ml, of
mouthwash or cough syrup that contains alcohol can precipitate a disulfiram
reaction and should not be used (D).
Which prescription should the practical nurse administer for a client who is
experiencing an acute episode of bronchial asthma?
B) Albuterol (Proventil).
Feedback:
Albuterol (Proventil) (B), an adrenergic agonist, is the first line of treatment for acute
episodes of bronchial asthma. (A, C, and D) are maintenance
medications used in the prevention of asthmatic episodes and are routinely
taken every day, not during an acute episode.
,The practical nurse (PN) should recommend that oral contraceptives be avoided
in which group of women?
A) Women who smoke.
Feedback:
Oral contraceptives pose an increased risk of thromboembolism for women who
smoke (A), and this risk is not increased in (B, C, and D).
A client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is having symptoms of
reflux despite taking omeprazole (Prilosec) 20 mg daily. What action should
the practical nurse (PN) implement?
A) Notify the healthcare provider about the symptoms.
Feedback:
Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, acts to reduce gastric acid secretion. If once
daily dosing fails to control the client's symptoms, the healthcare
provider should be notified (A) for dose adjustment. (B) will not help to reduce the
client's symptoms. Unless the client shows symptoms of a hypersensitivity to the
medication, the client should not stop the medication (C). (D) should
not suggested without a prescription from the healthcare provider.
, The practical nurse (PN) administers isoproterenol (Isuprel) to a client with heart
block. The PN should evaluate the client for which physiological response?
C) Increased heart rate. Feedback:
Isoproterenol (Isuprel) acts on beta 1 receptors in the heart, causing an
increased cardiac reactivity in AV heart block and an increase in the client's
heart rate (C). (A and B) are anticholinergic responses and are not typical with
adrenergic agents, such as isoproterenol. By activating beta 2 receptors found in
the smooth muscle of bronchioles, isoproterenol causes bronchodilation,
not (D).
The practical nurse (PN) should emphasize the importance of monitoring for
which side effect(s) in a client who takes a daily antilipemic agent?
B) Liver dysfunction.
Feedback:
Antilipemic agents (lipid-regulating agents) are metabolized by the liver and
require regular monitoring of liver function studies for hepatic dysfunction (B).
Photosensitivity (A), URI (C), and vitamin deficiencies (D) are not side-effects of
antilipemics.
|70 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
EXPLANATIONS | GRADED A+ | VERIFIED ANSWERS |
LATEST EXAM (JUST RELEASED) 2026-2027
A client is receiving the third course of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) therapy for a tumor of
the liver. Which action should the practical nurse implement to reduce the
client's risk for stomatitis?
D) Examine mouth daily for bleeding, white spots, and ulcerations.
Feedback:
5-fluorouracil (5FU) is an antimetabolite, antineoplastic agent that causes
sloughing of the rapid proliferating epithelial cells of the oral mucosa causing
ulceration, bleeding, and oral candidiasis (thrush). Daily examination of the
oral mucosa (D) should be implemented to identify signs of stomatitis, such as
white spots, ulcerations, and bleeding of the mouth, so early intervention can be
implemented. Oral commercial products usually contain alcohol, which
contributes to inflammation of the oral mucosa, and should be avoided (A).
Although monitoring the stool for bleeding (B) should be implemented,
stomatitis occurs in 75% of clients who receive 5FU. Foods high in fiber and
citric acid should also be avoided (C) to reduce pain and trauma to the mouth.
,Which instruction should the practical nurse (PN) reinforce with a client who is
taking disulfiram (Antabuse)?
B) Avoid using any over-the-counter substances containing alcohol. Feedback:
The use of disulfiram (Antabuse) with over-the-counter (OTC) products that
contain alcohol causes severe adverse reactions, such as severe nausea,
vomiting, chest pain, hyperventilation, tachycardia, seizures, and
cardiovascular collapse, and should be avoided (B). Although a smoking
cessation program is always a good health recommendation (A), it is not a
priority with Antabuse. (C) is inaccurate. Small amounts, as little as 7 ml, of
mouthwash or cough syrup that contains alcohol can precipitate a disulfiram
reaction and should not be used (D).
Which prescription should the practical nurse administer for a client who is
experiencing an acute episode of bronchial asthma?
B) Albuterol (Proventil).
Feedback:
Albuterol (Proventil) (B), an adrenergic agonist, is the first line of treatment for acute
episodes of bronchial asthma. (A, C, and D) are maintenance
medications used in the prevention of asthmatic episodes and are routinely
taken every day, not during an acute episode.
,The practical nurse (PN) should recommend that oral contraceptives be avoided
in which group of women?
A) Women who smoke.
Feedback:
Oral contraceptives pose an increased risk of thromboembolism for women who
smoke (A), and this risk is not increased in (B, C, and D).
A client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is having symptoms of
reflux despite taking omeprazole (Prilosec) 20 mg daily. What action should
the practical nurse (PN) implement?
A) Notify the healthcare provider about the symptoms.
Feedback:
Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, acts to reduce gastric acid secretion. If once
daily dosing fails to control the client's symptoms, the healthcare
provider should be notified (A) for dose adjustment. (B) will not help to reduce the
client's symptoms. Unless the client shows symptoms of a hypersensitivity to the
medication, the client should not stop the medication (C). (D) should
not suggested without a prescription from the healthcare provider.
, The practical nurse (PN) administers isoproterenol (Isuprel) to a client with heart
block. The PN should evaluate the client for which physiological response?
C) Increased heart rate. Feedback:
Isoproterenol (Isuprel) acts on beta 1 receptors in the heart, causing an
increased cardiac reactivity in AV heart block and an increase in the client's
heart rate (C). (A and B) are anticholinergic responses and are not typical with
adrenergic agents, such as isoproterenol. By activating beta 2 receptors found in
the smooth muscle of bronchioles, isoproterenol causes bronchodilation,
not (D).
The practical nurse (PN) should emphasize the importance of monitoring for
which side effect(s) in a client who takes a daily antilipemic agent?
B) Liver dysfunction.
Feedback:
Antilipemic agents (lipid-regulating agents) are metabolized by the liver and
require regular monitoring of liver function studies for hepatic dysfunction (B).
Photosensitivity (A), URI (C), and vitamin deficiencies (D) are not side-effects of
antilipemics.
