NCEER CERTIFICATE IN NURSING — LVL 1 & 2 | 250
MCQ REVISION TEST BANK | LATEST UPDATE
Section Topics Questions
A Anatomy & Physiology 1–40
B Foundations of Nursing 41–80
C Pharmacology 81–110
D Medical-Surgical Nursing 111–150
E Maternal & Child Health/Midwifery 151–175
F Community Health / PHC 176–190
G Paediatric Nursing 191–210
H Mental Health / Sociology / Professional Nursing 211–250
📘 SECTION A: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY (Q1–40)
1. The basic structural and functional unit of the human body is the: A) Tissue B) Organ C) Cell
(correct answer) D) System
Rationale: The cell is the smallest living unit capable of performing all basic life functions
including metabolism, reproduction, and response to stimuli. All tissues, organs, and
systems are made up of cells.
2. Which blood component is responsible for oxygen transport? A) White blood cells B) Platelets
C) Plasma D) Red blood cells (correct answer)
,Rationale: Red blood cells (erythrocytes) contain haemoglobin, a protein that binds oxygen
in the lungs and releases it to body tissues. They are the primary oxygen carriers in the
blood.
3. The normal adult heart rate at rest is: A) 40–60 beats per minute B) 60–100 beats per minute
(correct answer) C) 100–120 beats per minute D) 50–70 beats per minute
Rationale: A resting heart rate between 60–100 bpm is considered normal for adults. Below
60 is bradycardia; above 100 is tachycardia. Athletes may have rates below 60 as a normal
variant.
4. The largest organ of the human body is the: A) Liver B) Lungs C) Skin (correct answer) D)
Intestine
Rationale: The skin (integumentary system) is the largest organ, covering the entire body
surface. It functions in protection, thermoregulation, sensation, and vitamin D synthesis.
5. Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the entire body? A) Right atrium B)
Right ventricle C) Left atrium D) Left ventricle (correct answer)
Rationale: The left ventricle has the thickest muscular wall because it pumps oxygenated
blood through the aorta to the systemic circulation, which requires the greatest pressure.
6. The normal adult respiratory rate is: A) 8–12 breaths per minute B) 12–20 breaths per
minute (correct answer) C) 20–30 breaths per minute D) 25–35 breaths per minute
,Rationale: 12–20 breaths per minute is the accepted normal range for adults. Above 20 is
tachypnoea; below 12 is bradypnoea. Infants breathe faster (30–60 bpm).
7. The valve between the left atrium and left ventricle is called: A) Tricuspid valve B)
Pulmonary valve C) Aortic valve D) Mitral (bicuspid) valve (correct answer)
Rationale: The mitral valve (bicuspid) has two leaflets and lies between the left atrium and
left ventricle. It prevents backflow of blood into the left atrium during ventricular
contraction.
8. Where does gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide) occur in the lungs? A) Bronchi B)
Trachea C) Alveoli (correct answer) D) Bronchioles
Rationale: The alveoli are tiny air sacs with extremely thin walls richly supplied with
capillaries, making them the site of gaseous exchange between inhaled air and the blood.
9. The normal adult blood pressure is: A) 100/60 mmHg B) 120/80 mmHg (correct answer) C)
140/90 mmHg D) 130/85 mmHg
Rationale: 120/80 mmHg is the standard normal blood pressure for adults. A reading
consistently above 140/90 mmHg is classified as hypertension, while below 90/60 mmHg is
hypotension.
10. Which organ is responsible for producing insulin? A) Liver B) Stomach C) Adrenal gland D)
Pancreas (correct answer)
, Rationale: Insulin is produced by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.
It lowers blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of glucose. Deficiency or resistance
causes diabetes mellitus.
11. The normal adult body temperature is: A) 35.5°C B) 38.5°C C) 37°C (correct answer) D)
36°C
Rationale: The normal core body temperature is 37°C (98.6°F). Fever is defined as a
temperature above 38°C. Hypothermia is below 35°C.
12. Which part of the brain controls breathing and heart rate? A) Cerebrum B) Cerebellum C)
Medulla oblongata (correct answer) D) Thalamus
Rationale: The medulla oblongata, located in the brainstem, contains vital centres that
regulate autonomic functions including breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.
13. The function of the lymphatic system includes: A) Producing red blood cells B) Secreting
digestive enzymes C) Returning excess tissue fluid to the bloodstream (correct answer) D)
Producing hormones
Rationale: The lymphatic system collects excess interstitial fluid (lymph) from tissues and
returns it to the venous system. It also plays a crucial role in immunity through lymphocyte
production.
14. Which digestive organ produces bile? A) Gallbladder B) Pancreas C) Liver (correct
answer) D) Duodenum
MCQ REVISION TEST BANK | LATEST UPDATE
Section Topics Questions
A Anatomy & Physiology 1–40
B Foundations of Nursing 41–80
C Pharmacology 81–110
D Medical-Surgical Nursing 111–150
E Maternal & Child Health/Midwifery 151–175
F Community Health / PHC 176–190
G Paediatric Nursing 191–210
H Mental Health / Sociology / Professional Nursing 211–250
📘 SECTION A: ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY (Q1–40)
1. The basic structural and functional unit of the human body is the: A) Tissue B) Organ C) Cell
(correct answer) D) System
Rationale: The cell is the smallest living unit capable of performing all basic life functions
including metabolism, reproduction, and response to stimuli. All tissues, organs, and
systems are made up of cells.
2. Which blood component is responsible for oxygen transport? A) White blood cells B) Platelets
C) Plasma D) Red blood cells (correct answer)
,Rationale: Red blood cells (erythrocytes) contain haemoglobin, a protein that binds oxygen
in the lungs and releases it to body tissues. They are the primary oxygen carriers in the
blood.
3. The normal adult heart rate at rest is: A) 40–60 beats per minute B) 60–100 beats per minute
(correct answer) C) 100–120 beats per minute D) 50–70 beats per minute
Rationale: A resting heart rate between 60–100 bpm is considered normal for adults. Below
60 is bradycardia; above 100 is tachycardia. Athletes may have rates below 60 as a normal
variant.
4. The largest organ of the human body is the: A) Liver B) Lungs C) Skin (correct answer) D)
Intestine
Rationale: The skin (integumentary system) is the largest organ, covering the entire body
surface. It functions in protection, thermoregulation, sensation, and vitamin D synthesis.
5. Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the entire body? A) Right atrium B)
Right ventricle C) Left atrium D) Left ventricle (correct answer)
Rationale: The left ventricle has the thickest muscular wall because it pumps oxygenated
blood through the aorta to the systemic circulation, which requires the greatest pressure.
6. The normal adult respiratory rate is: A) 8–12 breaths per minute B) 12–20 breaths per
minute (correct answer) C) 20–30 breaths per minute D) 25–35 breaths per minute
,Rationale: 12–20 breaths per minute is the accepted normal range for adults. Above 20 is
tachypnoea; below 12 is bradypnoea. Infants breathe faster (30–60 bpm).
7. The valve between the left atrium and left ventricle is called: A) Tricuspid valve B)
Pulmonary valve C) Aortic valve D) Mitral (bicuspid) valve (correct answer)
Rationale: The mitral valve (bicuspid) has two leaflets and lies between the left atrium and
left ventricle. It prevents backflow of blood into the left atrium during ventricular
contraction.
8. Where does gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide) occur in the lungs? A) Bronchi B)
Trachea C) Alveoli (correct answer) D) Bronchioles
Rationale: The alveoli are tiny air sacs with extremely thin walls richly supplied with
capillaries, making them the site of gaseous exchange between inhaled air and the blood.
9. The normal adult blood pressure is: A) 100/60 mmHg B) 120/80 mmHg (correct answer) C)
140/90 mmHg D) 130/85 mmHg
Rationale: 120/80 mmHg is the standard normal blood pressure for adults. A reading
consistently above 140/90 mmHg is classified as hypertension, while below 90/60 mmHg is
hypotension.
10. Which organ is responsible for producing insulin? A) Liver B) Stomach C) Adrenal gland D)
Pancreas (correct answer)
, Rationale: Insulin is produced by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.
It lowers blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of glucose. Deficiency or resistance
causes diabetes mellitus.
11. The normal adult body temperature is: A) 35.5°C B) 38.5°C C) 37°C (correct answer) D)
36°C
Rationale: The normal core body temperature is 37°C (98.6°F). Fever is defined as a
temperature above 38°C. Hypothermia is below 35°C.
12. Which part of the brain controls breathing and heart rate? A) Cerebrum B) Cerebellum C)
Medulla oblongata (correct answer) D) Thalamus
Rationale: The medulla oblongata, located in the brainstem, contains vital centres that
regulate autonomic functions including breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.
13. The function of the lymphatic system includes: A) Producing red blood cells B) Secreting
digestive enzymes C) Returning excess tissue fluid to the bloodstream (correct answer) D)
Producing hormones
Rationale: The lymphatic system collects excess interstitial fluid (lymph) from tissues and
returns it to the venous system. It also plays a crucial role in immunity through lymphocyte
production.
14. Which digestive organ produces bile? A) Gallbladder B) Pancreas C) Liver (correct
answer) D) Duodenum
