Final Review Created from EDAPT Q’s and Dr. Sanner’s Review PP
Week 4: Urinary System
What can help to prevent a UTI? Increase water consumption
A symptom of a lower UTII includes: Urgency
What is a risk factor for the development of a UTI? Pregnancy
Women are at a higher risk for developing a UTI because of having a shorter urethra.
Which of the following is true regarding a complicated tract infection?
o Bacteria is located mostly in the lower urinary tract
o It is usually asymptomatic
o Is associated with young adults
o Can be caused by a structural urinary tract disorder
The NP would know that the patient most likely has an uncomplicated UTI because: The UTI
responds well to a short course of antibiotic therapy
Upon examination of a urinalysis, the NP can highly suspect that the causative bacteria are
gram negative in the presence of: nitrites
A common organism that causes a UTI include: staphylococcus saprophyticus
The urinalysis of a patient with a complicated UTI will show WBCs and casts.
The purpose of straining in BPH is to overcome the obstruction encountered during urination.
The patient most often develops symptoms of BPH when: The prostatic urethra becomes
obstructed.
, True or False? There is a significant risk for men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) to
develop cellular mutations that lead to prostate cancer. FALSE - BPH does not lead to prostate
cancer.
On a digital rectal exam to assess the quality of the prostate, the NP would be concerned with
which of the following findings? A hard nodule
The action of a 5-Alpha-reductase inhibitor causes: Shrinkage of the prostate gland
True or False? The underlying cause of BPH is that normal prostate cells respond to increases
in dihydrotestosterone that causes them to live longer and multiply. TRUE
The peripheral zone of the prostate is the largest zone.
Men who have BPH are prone to developing a UTI because: Stagnated urine in the bladder
promotes bacterial growth
The location of the characteristic hyperplastic nodules of BPH is: in the periurethral zone
The prostate specific antigen (PSA) helps to liquefy semen post-ejaculation.
Renal stones are formed when calcium and oxalate in the urine combine.
Renal calculi can be found in the ureter or bladder.
The type of stone that forms due to a urinary tract infection is: Struvite stone
The gold standard for diagnosing a renal stone is a CT scan.
The most common type of stone is: calcium stone
Lithotripsy is: a non-invasive procedure and will be performed if the stone lodges on the way
out.
Hematuria can be seen with kidney stones because: The stone injures the urinary structures as
it passes through them.
At least half of individuals with renal stones will have a reoccurrence within 10 years of the
prior stone.
, Renal colic is caused by the passing of the stone through the ureter.
The most common stone found in the patient with gout is: Uric acid stone
The internal sphincter is located in the bladder.
True or False? The levator ani muscle plays a major role in constriction of the external
sphincter. TRUE
Which of the following actions will relax the detrusor muscle of the bladder? Activation of
Beta-2 receptors by the sympathetic nervous system.
The relay station in the brain that plays a major role in regulating micturition is: Pontine
micturition center.
When the bladder is empty, the detrusor muscle relaxes, and the internal and external
sphincters constrict.
The major cause of stress incontinence in women is hypermobility of the external sphincter.
A sphincter malfunction that prevents urine from flowing out of the bladder would most likely
result in: Overflow incontinence
The pathophysiology of neurogenic bladder is: Lesions alter nervous system impulses that
innervate the detrusor muscle to decrease bladder compliance and decreased sphincter tone.
Involuntary loss of urine caused by dementia or immobility is known as: functional
incontinence.
Which of the following is considered be a transient (acute) cause of urinary incontinence?
Urinary tract infection
True or False? One of the major markers for glomerular filtration rate is creatinine. TRUE
One of the first pathophysiological responses to the decreased GFR in acute renal failure is:
Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (increases sodium/water absorption)
Week 4: Urinary System
What can help to prevent a UTI? Increase water consumption
A symptom of a lower UTII includes: Urgency
What is a risk factor for the development of a UTI? Pregnancy
Women are at a higher risk for developing a UTI because of having a shorter urethra.
Which of the following is true regarding a complicated tract infection?
o Bacteria is located mostly in the lower urinary tract
o It is usually asymptomatic
o Is associated with young adults
o Can be caused by a structural urinary tract disorder
The NP would know that the patient most likely has an uncomplicated UTI because: The UTI
responds well to a short course of antibiotic therapy
Upon examination of a urinalysis, the NP can highly suspect that the causative bacteria are
gram negative in the presence of: nitrites
A common organism that causes a UTI include: staphylococcus saprophyticus
The urinalysis of a patient with a complicated UTI will show WBCs and casts.
The purpose of straining in BPH is to overcome the obstruction encountered during urination.
The patient most often develops symptoms of BPH when: The prostatic urethra becomes
obstructed.
, True or False? There is a significant risk for men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) to
develop cellular mutations that lead to prostate cancer. FALSE - BPH does not lead to prostate
cancer.
On a digital rectal exam to assess the quality of the prostate, the NP would be concerned with
which of the following findings? A hard nodule
The action of a 5-Alpha-reductase inhibitor causes: Shrinkage of the prostate gland
True or False? The underlying cause of BPH is that normal prostate cells respond to increases
in dihydrotestosterone that causes them to live longer and multiply. TRUE
The peripheral zone of the prostate is the largest zone.
Men who have BPH are prone to developing a UTI because: Stagnated urine in the bladder
promotes bacterial growth
The location of the characteristic hyperplastic nodules of BPH is: in the periurethral zone
The prostate specific antigen (PSA) helps to liquefy semen post-ejaculation.
Renal stones are formed when calcium and oxalate in the urine combine.
Renal calculi can be found in the ureter or bladder.
The type of stone that forms due to a urinary tract infection is: Struvite stone
The gold standard for diagnosing a renal stone is a CT scan.
The most common type of stone is: calcium stone
Lithotripsy is: a non-invasive procedure and will be performed if the stone lodges on the way
out.
Hematuria can be seen with kidney stones because: The stone injures the urinary structures as
it passes through them.
At least half of individuals with renal stones will have a reoccurrence within 10 years of the
prior stone.
, Renal colic is caused by the passing of the stone through the ureter.
The most common stone found in the patient with gout is: Uric acid stone
The internal sphincter is located in the bladder.
True or False? The levator ani muscle plays a major role in constriction of the external
sphincter. TRUE
Which of the following actions will relax the detrusor muscle of the bladder? Activation of
Beta-2 receptors by the sympathetic nervous system.
The relay station in the brain that plays a major role in regulating micturition is: Pontine
micturition center.
When the bladder is empty, the detrusor muscle relaxes, and the internal and external
sphincters constrict.
The major cause of stress incontinence in women is hypermobility of the external sphincter.
A sphincter malfunction that prevents urine from flowing out of the bladder would most likely
result in: Overflow incontinence
The pathophysiology of neurogenic bladder is: Lesions alter nervous system impulses that
innervate the detrusor muscle to decrease bladder compliance and decreased sphincter tone.
Involuntary loss of urine caused by dementia or immobility is known as: functional
incontinence.
Which of the following is considered be a transient (acute) cause of urinary incontinence?
Urinary tract infection
True or False? One of the major markers for glomerular filtration rate is creatinine. TRUE
One of the first pathophysiological responses to the decreased GFR in acute renal failure is:
Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (increases sodium/water absorption)
