HESI PN COMPREHENSIVE
EXAM 1 WITH QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED SOLUTIONS
LATEST EXAM UPDATE
After undergoing exploratory laparotomy and bowel resection, a client with an
NG tube
to suction complains of nausea and stomach distention. The PN irrigates the
tube, but
the irrigating fluid does not return. What action should the PN implement?
A. Notify the healthcare provider.
B. Auscultate for bowel sounds.
C. Reposition the tube and check for placement.
D. Remove the tube and replace it with a new one. - answer--==C.
Reposition the tube and check for placement.
Patency and position of a NGT are checked frequently to evaluate for
dislodgement or
Page 1 of 66
,NGT obstruction with mucous, sediment, or blood clots. The placement should
be
verified and repositioned in the stomach to obtain a return of the normal saline
used to
irrigate the NGT.
A client with advanced cirrhosis is prescribed lactulose (Cephulac) 30 ml QID.
The client
complains that the medicine is causing diarrhea. Which therapeutic response of
the
medication should the PN provide the client?
A. Promotes fluid loss.
B. Prevents constipation.
C. Excretes ammonia to improve cerebral function.
D. Reduces the risk for gastrointestinal bleeding. - answer--==C. Excretes
ammonia to improve cerebral function.
To treat portal-systemic encephalopathy, lactulose causes the movement of
serum ammonia, which accumulates due to hepatic dysfunction in cirrhosis, into
the gut and results in diarrhea due to the osmotic movement of water.
Page 2 of 66
,The PN is reinforcing the discharge instructions for a female client with cystitis.
Which statement indicates to the PN that the client understands measures to
prevent urinary
tract infections (UTI)?
A. "I will limit my fluid intake to 1000 ml/day to prevent symptoms of
frequency and urgency."
B. "Every 2 to 3 hours during waking hours, I will drink a glass of water and
empty my bladder."
C. "I will use an antiseptic vaginal deodorant spray to reduce perineal
bacterial growth." D. After each bowel movement, I will wash my perineal area
with soap and water. - answer--==B. "Every 2 to 3 hours during waking hours, I
will drink a glass of water and empty my bladder."
Measures to reduce the risk of UTI include liberal fluid intake, frequent bladder
emptying, and hygienic measures to prevent ascending bacterial contamination
of the bladder. The client's statement that best indicates understanding includes
maintaining a regular and frequent fluid intake and urination every 2 to 3 hours
during the day.
The PN is caring for a client with chronic kidney disease (CKD). What info
should the
PN reinforce about medication management?
A. Oral iron supplements reverse chronic anemia in CKD.
Page 3 of 66
, B. Calcium supplements are needed to maintain serum levels.
C. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatories are safe to use for pain.
D. Antihypertensive drugs should always be used as directed. - answer--
==D. Antihypertensive drugs should always be used as directed.
Blood pressure control is essential for a client with CKD because hypertension
and
cardiovascular disease occur with the progression of CKD.
A female client who is newly diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes tells the PN that
she hates to exercise and asks whether just following her 1000-calorie diet will
control her diabetes. Which response should the PN provide that offers the best
information?
A. To ensure an increased energy and a sense of well-being, diet and
exercise should be balanced.
B. Exercise facilitates weight loss and decreases peripheral insulin
resistance.
C. To improve cardiovascular and respiratory fitness, a regular routine for
exercise should be practiced.
D. A routine pattern for meal scheduling is needed for tight glucose control.
- answer-- ==B. Exercise facilitates weight loss and decreases peripheral insulin
resistance.
Page 4 of 66
EXAM 1 WITH QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED SOLUTIONS
LATEST EXAM UPDATE
After undergoing exploratory laparotomy and bowel resection, a client with an
NG tube
to suction complains of nausea and stomach distention. The PN irrigates the
tube, but
the irrigating fluid does not return. What action should the PN implement?
A. Notify the healthcare provider.
B. Auscultate for bowel sounds.
C. Reposition the tube and check for placement.
D. Remove the tube and replace it with a new one. - answer--==C.
Reposition the tube and check for placement.
Patency and position of a NGT are checked frequently to evaluate for
dislodgement or
Page 1 of 66
,NGT obstruction with mucous, sediment, or blood clots. The placement should
be
verified and repositioned in the stomach to obtain a return of the normal saline
used to
irrigate the NGT.
A client with advanced cirrhosis is prescribed lactulose (Cephulac) 30 ml QID.
The client
complains that the medicine is causing diarrhea. Which therapeutic response of
the
medication should the PN provide the client?
A. Promotes fluid loss.
B. Prevents constipation.
C. Excretes ammonia to improve cerebral function.
D. Reduces the risk for gastrointestinal bleeding. - answer--==C. Excretes
ammonia to improve cerebral function.
To treat portal-systemic encephalopathy, lactulose causes the movement of
serum ammonia, which accumulates due to hepatic dysfunction in cirrhosis, into
the gut and results in diarrhea due to the osmotic movement of water.
Page 2 of 66
,The PN is reinforcing the discharge instructions for a female client with cystitis.
Which statement indicates to the PN that the client understands measures to
prevent urinary
tract infections (UTI)?
A. "I will limit my fluid intake to 1000 ml/day to prevent symptoms of
frequency and urgency."
B. "Every 2 to 3 hours during waking hours, I will drink a glass of water and
empty my bladder."
C. "I will use an antiseptic vaginal deodorant spray to reduce perineal
bacterial growth." D. After each bowel movement, I will wash my perineal area
with soap and water. - answer--==B. "Every 2 to 3 hours during waking hours, I
will drink a glass of water and empty my bladder."
Measures to reduce the risk of UTI include liberal fluid intake, frequent bladder
emptying, and hygienic measures to prevent ascending bacterial contamination
of the bladder. The client's statement that best indicates understanding includes
maintaining a regular and frequent fluid intake and urination every 2 to 3 hours
during the day.
The PN is caring for a client with chronic kidney disease (CKD). What info
should the
PN reinforce about medication management?
A. Oral iron supplements reverse chronic anemia in CKD.
Page 3 of 66
, B. Calcium supplements are needed to maintain serum levels.
C. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatories are safe to use for pain.
D. Antihypertensive drugs should always be used as directed. - answer--
==D. Antihypertensive drugs should always be used as directed.
Blood pressure control is essential for a client with CKD because hypertension
and
cardiovascular disease occur with the progression of CKD.
A female client who is newly diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes tells the PN that
she hates to exercise and asks whether just following her 1000-calorie diet will
control her diabetes. Which response should the PN provide that offers the best
information?
A. To ensure an increased energy and a sense of well-being, diet and
exercise should be balanced.
B. Exercise facilitates weight loss and decreases peripheral insulin
resistance.
C. To improve cardiovascular and respiratory fitness, a regular routine for
exercise should be practiced.
D. A routine pattern for meal scheduling is needed for tight glucose control.
- answer-- ==B. Exercise facilitates weight loss and decreases peripheral insulin
resistance.
Page 4 of 66
