ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY NR 507 WEEK 8 FINAL EXAM/
ACTUAL NR 507 WEEK 8 ADV PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM
2026 COMPLETE ACCURATE TEST APPROVED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (100%
CORRECT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS) LATEST UPDATED VERSION
|GUARANTEED PASS A+
1. What is the major virus involved in the development of cervical cancer?
a) Herpes simplex virus type 6
b) Herpes simplex virus type 2
c) Human papillomavirus (HPV)
d) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Answer & Rationale: c) Human papillomavirus (HPV). Persistent infection with high-risk strains of HPV is
the primary etiological agent in the development of cervical cancer.
2. A patient is diagnosed with anemia. Lab results show erythrocytes that are abnormally pale. Which
term best describes these cells?
a) Hyper chromic
b) Hypochromic
c) Macrocytic
d) Microcytic
Answer & Rationale: b) Hypochromic. Hypochromic refers to red blood cells that have a decreased
concentration of hemoglobin, causing them to appear paler than normal.
,3. A 50-year-old male recently underwent a liver transplant and is taking immunosuppressive drugs. He
now has painful vesicular eruptions on his face and trunk and reports he had chickenpox as a child. What
is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Erysipelas
b) Herpes Simplex
c) Warts
d) Herpes zoster
Answer & Rationale: d) Herpes zoster. Reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (chickenpox) is known as
herpes zoster or shingles. It often occurs in immunocompromised individuals and presents as a painful,
vesicular rash along a dermatome.
4. Which hormone is primarily responsible for promoting increased anxiety, vigilance, and arousal during
the body's stress response?
a) Cortisol
b) Epinephrine
c) Norepinephrine
d) ACTH
Answer & Rationale: c) Norepinephrine. Norepinephrine, a catecholamine released as part of the
sympathetic nervous system response, plays a key role in the "fight-or-flight" response, leading to
increased anxiety, vigilance, and arousal.
5. A patient has chronic gastrointestinal bleeding. What is the primary cause of their anemia?
,a) Vitamin B12 deficiency
b) Folate deficiency
c) Bone marrow failure
d) Iron deficiency
Answer & Rationale: d) Iron deficiency. Chronic blood loss, such as from gastrointestinal bleeding,
depletes the body's iron stores over time, leading to iron deficiency anemia. Iron is a critical component
of hemoglobin.
6. What term describes a hernia protrusion of a sac that contains meninges, spinal fluid, and a portion of
the spinal cord through a vertebral defect?
a) Encephalocele
b) Meningeal
c) Spine bifida occult
d) Myelomeningocele
Answer & Rationale: d) Myelomeningocele. This is the most severe form of spine bifida, where the spinal
cord and meninges protrude through an opening in the spine, forming a sac on the back.
7. A 5-year-old presents with a high fever, inspiratory stridor, severe respiratory distress, drooling, and
dysphagia. Acute epiglottitis is suspected. What action should the nurse practitioner avoid?
a) Trying to keep the child calm
, b) Examining the throat for redness
c) Auscultating the child's respiratory rate
d) Counting the heart rate apically
Answer & Rationale: b) Examining the throat for redness. In a suspected case of epiglottitis,
manipulation of the pharynx or examining the throat can trigger sudden, complete airway obstruction
and laryngospasm. The priority is to maintain airway patency and keep the child calm.
8. According to the monoamine hypothesis, what is the underlying cause of depression?
a) Decreased brain dopamine
b) Increased brain serotonin
c) Increased brain norepinephrine
d) Decreased brain catecholamine’s
Answer & Rationale: d) Decreased brain catecholamine’s. The monoamine hypothesis posits that
depression is caused by a functional deficiency of the monoamine neurotransmitters, including
norepinephrine, serotonin, and/or dopamine, in the bray 9. A patient with chronic kidney disease has a
serum potassium of 6.8 me/L.
Which ECG finding is most consistent with this electrolyte disturbance?
A) Flattened T waves
B) Prominent U waves
C) Peaked T waves
D) Wide QRS complex
CORRECT ANSWER: D – Hyperkalemia (K⁺ > 6.5 me/L) causes peaked T waves early, then widened QRS,
prolonged PR interval, and eventually sine wave pattern. Flattened T waves and U waves are seen in
hypokalemia.
ACTUAL NR 507 WEEK 8 ADV PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM
2026 COMPLETE ACCURATE TEST APPROVED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (100%
CORRECT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS) LATEST UPDATED VERSION
|GUARANTEED PASS A+
1. What is the major virus involved in the development of cervical cancer?
a) Herpes simplex virus type 6
b) Herpes simplex virus type 2
c) Human papillomavirus (HPV)
d) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Answer & Rationale: c) Human papillomavirus (HPV). Persistent infection with high-risk strains of HPV is
the primary etiological agent in the development of cervical cancer.
2. A patient is diagnosed with anemia. Lab results show erythrocytes that are abnormally pale. Which
term best describes these cells?
a) Hyper chromic
b) Hypochromic
c) Macrocytic
d) Microcytic
Answer & Rationale: b) Hypochromic. Hypochromic refers to red blood cells that have a decreased
concentration of hemoglobin, causing them to appear paler than normal.
,3. A 50-year-old male recently underwent a liver transplant and is taking immunosuppressive drugs. He
now has painful vesicular eruptions on his face and trunk and reports he had chickenpox as a child. What
is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Erysipelas
b) Herpes Simplex
c) Warts
d) Herpes zoster
Answer & Rationale: d) Herpes zoster. Reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (chickenpox) is known as
herpes zoster or shingles. It often occurs in immunocompromised individuals and presents as a painful,
vesicular rash along a dermatome.
4. Which hormone is primarily responsible for promoting increased anxiety, vigilance, and arousal during
the body's stress response?
a) Cortisol
b) Epinephrine
c) Norepinephrine
d) ACTH
Answer & Rationale: c) Norepinephrine. Norepinephrine, a catecholamine released as part of the
sympathetic nervous system response, plays a key role in the "fight-or-flight" response, leading to
increased anxiety, vigilance, and arousal.
5. A patient has chronic gastrointestinal bleeding. What is the primary cause of their anemia?
,a) Vitamin B12 deficiency
b) Folate deficiency
c) Bone marrow failure
d) Iron deficiency
Answer & Rationale: d) Iron deficiency. Chronic blood loss, such as from gastrointestinal bleeding,
depletes the body's iron stores over time, leading to iron deficiency anemia. Iron is a critical component
of hemoglobin.
6. What term describes a hernia protrusion of a sac that contains meninges, spinal fluid, and a portion of
the spinal cord through a vertebral defect?
a) Encephalocele
b) Meningeal
c) Spine bifida occult
d) Myelomeningocele
Answer & Rationale: d) Myelomeningocele. This is the most severe form of spine bifida, where the spinal
cord and meninges protrude through an opening in the spine, forming a sac on the back.
7. A 5-year-old presents with a high fever, inspiratory stridor, severe respiratory distress, drooling, and
dysphagia. Acute epiglottitis is suspected. What action should the nurse practitioner avoid?
a) Trying to keep the child calm
, b) Examining the throat for redness
c) Auscultating the child's respiratory rate
d) Counting the heart rate apically
Answer & Rationale: b) Examining the throat for redness. In a suspected case of epiglottitis,
manipulation of the pharynx or examining the throat can trigger sudden, complete airway obstruction
and laryngospasm. The priority is to maintain airway patency and keep the child calm.
8. According to the monoamine hypothesis, what is the underlying cause of depression?
a) Decreased brain dopamine
b) Increased brain serotonin
c) Increased brain norepinephrine
d) Decreased brain catecholamine’s
Answer & Rationale: d) Decreased brain catecholamine’s. The monoamine hypothesis posits that
depression is caused by a functional deficiency of the monoamine neurotransmitters, including
norepinephrine, serotonin, and/or dopamine, in the bray 9. A patient with chronic kidney disease has a
serum potassium of 6.8 me/L.
Which ECG finding is most consistent with this electrolyte disturbance?
A) Flattened T waves
B) Prominent U waves
C) Peaked T waves
D) Wide QRS complex
CORRECT ANSWER: D – Hyperkalemia (K⁺ > 6.5 me/L) causes peaked T waves early, then widened QRS,
prolonged PR interval, and eventually sine wave pattern. Flattened T waves and U waves are seen in
hypokalemia.
