PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM RASMUSSEN NEWEST
VERSION LATEST VERSION UPDATED AND REVISED IN
2025/2026
A client who is suffering from an acute gout attack wants to know how
colchicine differs from probenecid and allopurinol in its actions. Which
of these statements shows the need for further teaching regarding
purpose and use of medications?
a. Allopurinol prevents the synthesis of uric acid.
b. All of these medications should be taken concurrently during an
acute attack, and NSAIDS should be added for pain control.
c. Colchicine reduces inflammation caused by uric acid
d. Probenecid facilitates the elimination of uric acid in the nephrons -
ANSWER ->b. All of these medications should be taken concurrently
during an acute attack, and NSAIDS should be added for pain
control.
9. The nurse understands that a bronchodilator would be most
therapeutic in which situation?
a. Irregular respiration, snoring, and intermittent episodes of apnea
b. fine, scattered crackles heard bilaterally in the bases
c. course crackles in the right lower lobe
d. Shallow breath sounds with wheezing sounds in the upper lobes -
ANSWER ->d. Shallow breath sounds with wheezing sounds in the
upper lobes
,The parents of a child with asthma ask the nurse why their child cannot
use oral corticosteroids more often because they are so effective. What
is the correct response by the nurse?
a. Frequent use of this drug may lead to a decreased response.
b. Chronic steroid use can show growth
c. A hypersensitivity reaction to this drug may occur.
d. systemic steroids are more toxic in children - ANSWER
->b. Chronic steroid use can show growth
A client taking warfarin presents with bruises, dark tarry stools, and an
international normalized ratio (INR) of 4.3.
What is the nurse's action?
a. Hold the warfarin and consult the provider regarding the next
steps.
b. Give an ampule of vitamin K, then call the physician to report
client status.
c. Explain to the client the nurse may ask the provider to order a test
for leukemia.
d. Give the warfarin with a dark green salad and check the next stool
for blood. - ANSWER ->a. Hold the warfarin and consult the provider
regarding the next steps.
The nurse will caution a client taking immunosuppressant drugs to
avoid which dietary supplement? a. Glucosamine
b. Feverfew
c. Echinacea
d. Black cohosh - ANSWER ->c. Echinacea
,A client will begin taking fexofenadine for hay fever. What education
should be included regarding the use of this second-generation
antihistamine?
a. Citrus fruit juices can inactivate this class of medications.
b. Fexofenadine has cholinergic side effects. It causes excessive
salivation.
c. Fexofenadine must be taken at bedtime.
d. Fexofenadine must be taken apart from food - ANSWER ->a. Citrus
fruit juices can inactivate this class of medications.
A client is discharged from the hospital with a prescription for
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. What must the nurse include in the
discharge teaching? a. Take folic acid supplements.
b. Eat foods that are high in potassium.
c. Take the medication with food.
d. Drink eight to ten glasses of water each day. - ANSWER ->d. Drink
eight to ten glasses of water each day.
Naloxone is effective because of which action?
a. Preventing activation of opioid receptors through antagonist
actions
b. Regulating the sensitivity of opioid receptors by neurochemical
alterations
c. Increasing the excretion of morphine sulfate by altering serum ph
d. Countering the effects of morphine sulfate by agonist actions -
ANSWER ->a. Preventing activation of opioid receptors through
antagonist actions
, Parents ask the nurse why an over-the-counter cough suppressant with
sedative side effects is not recommended for infants. Which response
by the nurse is correct?
a. "Cough medicine tastes bad, and infants usually won't take it,"
b. "Babies have a more rapid gastric emptying time and don't absorb
drugs well."
c. "Infants are more susceptible to central nervous system effects
than adults are."
d. "Infants metabolize drugs too rapidly, so drugs aren't as
effective." - ANSWER ->c. "Infants are more susceptible to central
nervous system effects than adults are."
Insulin glargine is prescribed for a hospitalized client who has diabetes.
When will the nurse expect to administer this drug?
a. After meals and at bedtime.
b. Once-daily at the same time every day.
c. With meals.
d. Approximately 15 to 30 minutes before each meal. - ANSWER ->b.
Once-daily at the same time every day.
A client who just took his first dose of glipizide, is now experiencing
tremors, pallor, and agitation. How should the nurse respond?
a. Ask the client's family to come to sit with him until the client's
panic attack subsides.
b. Give diphenhydramine per standing order for this allergic
reaction.
c. Acknowledge how hard a diagnosis of diabetes can be and offer to
listen.
VERSION LATEST VERSION UPDATED AND REVISED IN
2025/2026
A client who is suffering from an acute gout attack wants to know how
colchicine differs from probenecid and allopurinol in its actions. Which
of these statements shows the need for further teaching regarding
purpose and use of medications?
a. Allopurinol prevents the synthesis of uric acid.
b. All of these medications should be taken concurrently during an
acute attack, and NSAIDS should be added for pain control.
c. Colchicine reduces inflammation caused by uric acid
d. Probenecid facilitates the elimination of uric acid in the nephrons -
ANSWER ->b. All of these medications should be taken concurrently
during an acute attack, and NSAIDS should be added for pain
control.
9. The nurse understands that a bronchodilator would be most
therapeutic in which situation?
a. Irregular respiration, snoring, and intermittent episodes of apnea
b. fine, scattered crackles heard bilaterally in the bases
c. course crackles in the right lower lobe
d. Shallow breath sounds with wheezing sounds in the upper lobes -
ANSWER ->d. Shallow breath sounds with wheezing sounds in the
upper lobes
,The parents of a child with asthma ask the nurse why their child cannot
use oral corticosteroids more often because they are so effective. What
is the correct response by the nurse?
a. Frequent use of this drug may lead to a decreased response.
b. Chronic steroid use can show growth
c. A hypersensitivity reaction to this drug may occur.
d. systemic steroids are more toxic in children - ANSWER
->b. Chronic steroid use can show growth
A client taking warfarin presents with bruises, dark tarry stools, and an
international normalized ratio (INR) of 4.3.
What is the nurse's action?
a. Hold the warfarin and consult the provider regarding the next
steps.
b. Give an ampule of vitamin K, then call the physician to report
client status.
c. Explain to the client the nurse may ask the provider to order a test
for leukemia.
d. Give the warfarin with a dark green salad and check the next stool
for blood. - ANSWER ->a. Hold the warfarin and consult the provider
regarding the next steps.
The nurse will caution a client taking immunosuppressant drugs to
avoid which dietary supplement? a. Glucosamine
b. Feverfew
c. Echinacea
d. Black cohosh - ANSWER ->c. Echinacea
,A client will begin taking fexofenadine for hay fever. What education
should be included regarding the use of this second-generation
antihistamine?
a. Citrus fruit juices can inactivate this class of medications.
b. Fexofenadine has cholinergic side effects. It causes excessive
salivation.
c. Fexofenadine must be taken at bedtime.
d. Fexofenadine must be taken apart from food - ANSWER ->a. Citrus
fruit juices can inactivate this class of medications.
A client is discharged from the hospital with a prescription for
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. What must the nurse include in the
discharge teaching? a. Take folic acid supplements.
b. Eat foods that are high in potassium.
c. Take the medication with food.
d. Drink eight to ten glasses of water each day. - ANSWER ->d. Drink
eight to ten glasses of water each day.
Naloxone is effective because of which action?
a. Preventing activation of opioid receptors through antagonist
actions
b. Regulating the sensitivity of opioid receptors by neurochemical
alterations
c. Increasing the excretion of morphine sulfate by altering serum ph
d. Countering the effects of morphine sulfate by agonist actions -
ANSWER ->a. Preventing activation of opioid receptors through
antagonist actions
, Parents ask the nurse why an over-the-counter cough suppressant with
sedative side effects is not recommended for infants. Which response
by the nurse is correct?
a. "Cough medicine tastes bad, and infants usually won't take it,"
b. "Babies have a more rapid gastric emptying time and don't absorb
drugs well."
c. "Infants are more susceptible to central nervous system effects
than adults are."
d. "Infants metabolize drugs too rapidly, so drugs aren't as
effective." - ANSWER ->c. "Infants are more susceptible to central
nervous system effects than adults are."
Insulin glargine is prescribed for a hospitalized client who has diabetes.
When will the nurse expect to administer this drug?
a. After meals and at bedtime.
b. Once-daily at the same time every day.
c. With meals.
d. Approximately 15 to 30 minutes before each meal. - ANSWER ->b.
Once-daily at the same time every day.
A client who just took his first dose of glipizide, is now experiencing
tremors, pallor, and agitation. How should the nurse respond?
a. Ask the client's family to come to sit with him until the client's
panic attack subsides.
b. Give diphenhydramine per standing order for this allergic
reaction.
c. Acknowledge how hard a diagnosis of diabetes can be and offer to
listen.
