NLN NEX CERTIFICATION EXAM QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2026
▶ nucleus. Answer: A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and
responsible for growth and reproduction
▶ DNA. Answer: A complex molecule containing the genetic information
that makes up the chromosomes.
▶ plasma (cell) membrane. Answer: A selectively permeable surface that
encloses the cell contents and through which all materials entering or
leaving a cell must pass
▶ interstitial fluid (selectively permeable). Answer: a liquid that is found in
the spaces around and between cells in humans and animals
▶ cytoplasm. Answer: A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles
are suspended
▶ organelles. Answer: A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific
function within the cell
▶ mitochondria. Answer: Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site
of ATP (energy) production
▶ ribosome. Answer: site of protein synthesis
▶ endoplasmic reticulum. Answer: A system of membranes that is found in
a cell's cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and
transport of proteins and in the production of lipids.
▶ Golgi complex. Answer: organelle that modifies, packages, and
transports material out of the cell. a factory in which proteins received from
the ER are further processed and sorted for transport to their eventual
destinations: lysosomes, the plasma membrane, or secretion.
, ▶ lysosomes. Answer: cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break
down certain materials in the cell
▶ cell wall. Answer: A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane
and provides support to the cell
▶ Chloroplast. Answer: An organelle found in plant and algae cells where
photosynthesis occurs. converting light energy into chemical energy
(sugars) and releasing oxygen, acting as the plant's food factory by using
chlorophyll to capture sunlight
▶ Vacuole. Answer: a membrane-bound sac within a cell that acts like a
storage unit, holding water, nutrients, or waste
▶ Chromatin. Answer: Clusters of DNA, RNA, and proteins in the nucleus
of a cell. The material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than
bacteria (i.e., eukaryotes) are composed. It consists of protein, RNA, and
DNA.
▶ Chromosomes. Answer: a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and
protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic
information in the form of genes.
▶ mitosis. Answer: a type of eukaryotic cell division that results in two
daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as
the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.
▶ zygote. Answer: a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid
gametes; a fertilized ovum. the first single cell formed when a sperm
fertilizes an egg, containing all the genetic material (DNA) from both
parents to develop into a new organism.
▶ meiosis. Answer: a special cell division process that creates four
genetically unique sex cells (sperm or eggs) from one parent cell, each with
half the number of chromosomes.
▶ semipremeable membrane. Answer: A membrane that allows some
molecules to pass through but does not allow other molecules to pass
through.
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2026
▶ nucleus. Answer: A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and
responsible for growth and reproduction
▶ DNA. Answer: A complex molecule containing the genetic information
that makes up the chromosomes.
▶ plasma (cell) membrane. Answer: A selectively permeable surface that
encloses the cell contents and through which all materials entering or
leaving a cell must pass
▶ interstitial fluid (selectively permeable). Answer: a liquid that is found in
the spaces around and between cells in humans and animals
▶ cytoplasm. Answer: A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles
are suspended
▶ organelles. Answer: A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific
function within the cell
▶ mitochondria. Answer: Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site
of ATP (energy) production
▶ ribosome. Answer: site of protein synthesis
▶ endoplasmic reticulum. Answer: A system of membranes that is found in
a cell's cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and
transport of proteins and in the production of lipids.
▶ Golgi complex. Answer: organelle that modifies, packages, and
transports material out of the cell. a factory in which proteins received from
the ER are further processed and sorted for transport to their eventual
destinations: lysosomes, the plasma membrane, or secretion.
, ▶ lysosomes. Answer: cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break
down certain materials in the cell
▶ cell wall. Answer: A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane
and provides support to the cell
▶ Chloroplast. Answer: An organelle found in plant and algae cells where
photosynthesis occurs. converting light energy into chemical energy
(sugars) and releasing oxygen, acting as the plant's food factory by using
chlorophyll to capture sunlight
▶ Vacuole. Answer: a membrane-bound sac within a cell that acts like a
storage unit, holding water, nutrients, or waste
▶ Chromatin. Answer: Clusters of DNA, RNA, and proteins in the nucleus
of a cell. The material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than
bacteria (i.e., eukaryotes) are composed. It consists of protein, RNA, and
DNA.
▶ Chromosomes. Answer: a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and
protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic
information in the form of genes.
▶ mitosis. Answer: a type of eukaryotic cell division that results in two
daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as
the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.
▶ zygote. Answer: a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid
gametes; a fertilized ovum. the first single cell formed when a sperm
fertilizes an egg, containing all the genetic material (DNA) from both
parents to develop into a new organism.
▶ meiosis. Answer: a special cell division process that creates four
genetically unique sex cells (sperm or eggs) from one parent cell, each with
half the number of chromosomes.
▶ semipremeable membrane. Answer: A membrane that allows some
molecules to pass through but does not allow other molecules to pass
through.
