NU 310 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE 2026
▶ changes in the blood with inflammation: leukocytosis. Answer: increased
numbers of WBC, esp. neutrophils
▶ changes in the blood with inflammation: differential count. Answer: -
proportion of each type of WBC altered, depending on the cause
- helpful in distinguishing viral vs bacterial infection
▶ changes in the blood with inflammation: plasma proteins. Answer:
increased fibrinogen and prothrombin
▶ changes in the blood with inflammation: c-reactive protein. Answer: not
normally in blood, but appears with acute inflammation and necrosis 24-48
hours
▶ changes in the blood with inflammation: increased ESR. Answer:
increased rate of RBCs settling
▶ changes in the blood with inflammation: cell enzyme. Answer: released
from necrotic cells and enter tissue fluid and blood, may indicate site of
inflammation
▶ potential complications of inflammation. Answer: - infection:
microorganisms can more easily penetrate edematous tissues
- skeletal muscle spasm: protective response to pain, usually with
orthopedic trauma
- local complications: depends on site of inflammation, includes obstruction,
loss of sensation, and decreased cell function
▶ chronic inflammation. Answer: - following acute episode of inflammation
- less swelling and exudate
- presence of more lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts (connective
tissue cells)
- tissue destruction
, - more scar tissue
- granuloma could develop around foreign object
▶ potential complication of chronic inflammation. Answer: - ulcers
- cell necrosis and erosion of tissue
- perforation of viscera
- extensive scar tissue
▶ drugs for inflammation. Answer: - ASA
- acetaminophen
- NSAID
- gluccorticoid
- cox-2
▶ ASA. Answer: - decreases prostaglandin synthesis
- reduces pain, fever, and inflammation
▶ acetaminophen. Answer: decreases fever and pain
▶ NSAID. Answer: - treats inflammation, pain, and fever
- common in treating musculoskeletal system
- ibuprofen
▶ gluccorticoid. Answer: - short term treatment that blocks immune
response
- steroidal has atrophy effects, catabolic effects, delayed healing
▶ RICE therapy. Answer: rest, ice, compression, elevation
▶ other therapies. Answer: - elevation
- mild-to-moderate-exercise
- physiotherapy
- occupational therapy
- rest
- adequate nutrition and hydration
▶ resolution. Answer: occurs with minimal tissue damage; cells recover
▶ regeneration. Answer: damaged tissue replaced with cells that are
functional
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE 2026
▶ changes in the blood with inflammation: leukocytosis. Answer: increased
numbers of WBC, esp. neutrophils
▶ changes in the blood with inflammation: differential count. Answer: -
proportion of each type of WBC altered, depending on the cause
- helpful in distinguishing viral vs bacterial infection
▶ changes in the blood with inflammation: plasma proteins. Answer:
increased fibrinogen and prothrombin
▶ changes in the blood with inflammation: c-reactive protein. Answer: not
normally in blood, but appears with acute inflammation and necrosis 24-48
hours
▶ changes in the blood with inflammation: increased ESR. Answer:
increased rate of RBCs settling
▶ changes in the blood with inflammation: cell enzyme. Answer: released
from necrotic cells and enter tissue fluid and blood, may indicate site of
inflammation
▶ potential complications of inflammation. Answer: - infection:
microorganisms can more easily penetrate edematous tissues
- skeletal muscle spasm: protective response to pain, usually with
orthopedic trauma
- local complications: depends on site of inflammation, includes obstruction,
loss of sensation, and decreased cell function
▶ chronic inflammation. Answer: - following acute episode of inflammation
- less swelling and exudate
- presence of more lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts (connective
tissue cells)
- tissue destruction
, - more scar tissue
- granuloma could develop around foreign object
▶ potential complication of chronic inflammation. Answer: - ulcers
- cell necrosis and erosion of tissue
- perforation of viscera
- extensive scar tissue
▶ drugs for inflammation. Answer: - ASA
- acetaminophen
- NSAID
- gluccorticoid
- cox-2
▶ ASA. Answer: - decreases prostaglandin synthesis
- reduces pain, fever, and inflammation
▶ acetaminophen. Answer: decreases fever and pain
▶ NSAID. Answer: - treats inflammation, pain, and fever
- common in treating musculoskeletal system
- ibuprofen
▶ gluccorticoid. Answer: - short term treatment that blocks immune
response
- steroidal has atrophy effects, catabolic effects, delayed healing
▶ RICE therapy. Answer: rest, ice, compression, elevation
▶ other therapies. Answer: - elevation
- mild-to-moderate-exercise
- physiotherapy
- occupational therapy
- rest
- adequate nutrition and hydration
▶ resolution. Answer: occurs with minimal tissue damage; cells recover
▶ regeneration. Answer: damaged tissue replaced with cells that are
functional
