SOCIOLOGY 101 (EXAM 1)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
CORRECT
C. Wright Mills - ANSWER-coined the term "The sociological imagination" and allows
us to comprehend the change happening around us.
Sociological Imagination - ANSWER-Ability to see the connection between the larger
world and our personal lives (C. Wright Mills)
Auguste Comte (1798-1857) - ANSWER-"Father of Sociology" - invented what he
called "social physics" to understand the world. We could determine what is right and
wrong without reference to higher powers or other religious concepts.
Social Institution - ANSWER-Any institution in a society that works to shape the
behavior of the groups of people within it
Theoretical Stage - ANSWER-Society seemed to be the result of divine will
"It was God's plan
Metaphysical Stage - ANSWER-human behavior governed by natural, biological
instincts
Scientific Stage - ANSWER-develop a social physics to understand human behavior
Harriet Martineau (1802-1876) - ANSWER-In 1853 she translated Auguste Comte's
work from French to English. *one of the earliest feminist social scientists
Karl Marx (1818-83) - ANSWER-founder of "Marxism" the ideological alternative to
capitalism
Max Weber (1864-1920) - ANSWER-first to use sociological imagination. created
Verstehen ("understanding"). To truly understand why people act the way they do, a
sociologist must understand the meanings people attach to their actions.
Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) - ANSWER-studied suicide and showed how individual
acts are conditioned by social forces.
Anomie - ANSWER-too little social regulation; normlessness
Georg Simmel - ANSWER-Established a sociology of numbers, how people conduct
themselves differently depending how many people are involved
Sociology "cousins" - ANSWER-Psychology, anthropology, History, political science
, Symbolic Interactionism - ANSWER-A micro-level theory in which shared means and
assumptions form the basic motivations behind people's actions
Quantitative Methods - ANSWER-uses statistical analysis to examine numerical data
(data that can be converted to numerical form)
Qualitative methods - ANSWER-methods that attempt to collect information about
the social world that cannot be readily converted to numeric form.
Sociology - ANSWER-The study of human society. The general goal of sociology is
to allow us to see how our individual lives are intimately related to the social forces
that exist beyond us
Deductive approach - ANSWER-a research approach that starts with a theory, forms
a hypothesis, makes empirical observations, and then analyzes the data to confirm,
reject, or modify the original theory
Inductive approach - ANSWER-a research approach that starts with empirical
observations and then works to form a theory.
correlation or association - ANSWER-simultaneous variation in two variables
Causality - ANSWER-The notion that a change in one factor results in a
corresponding change in another
Reverse Causality - ANSWER-A situation in which the researcher believes that A
results in a change in B, but B in fact, is causing A
Dependent Variable - ANSWER-The outcome you are trying to explain
Independent Variable - ANSWER-Measures a variable that, if changed, you predict
will be associated with changes in the dependent variable.
Hypothesis - ANSWER-a proposed relationship between two variables
Operationalization - ANSWER-the process of assigning a precise method for
measuring a term being examined for use in a particular study.
Validity - ANSWER-the extent to which an instrument measures what it is intended to
measure
Reliability - ANSWER-likelihood of obtaining consistent results using the same
measure
Generalizability - ANSWER-the extent to which we can claim our findings inform us
about a group larger than the one we studied
Reflexivity - ANSWER-analyzing and critically considering our own role in, and affect
onm our research.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
CORRECT
C. Wright Mills - ANSWER-coined the term "The sociological imagination" and allows
us to comprehend the change happening around us.
Sociological Imagination - ANSWER-Ability to see the connection between the larger
world and our personal lives (C. Wright Mills)
Auguste Comte (1798-1857) - ANSWER-"Father of Sociology" - invented what he
called "social physics" to understand the world. We could determine what is right and
wrong without reference to higher powers or other religious concepts.
Social Institution - ANSWER-Any institution in a society that works to shape the
behavior of the groups of people within it
Theoretical Stage - ANSWER-Society seemed to be the result of divine will
"It was God's plan
Metaphysical Stage - ANSWER-human behavior governed by natural, biological
instincts
Scientific Stage - ANSWER-develop a social physics to understand human behavior
Harriet Martineau (1802-1876) - ANSWER-In 1853 she translated Auguste Comte's
work from French to English. *one of the earliest feminist social scientists
Karl Marx (1818-83) - ANSWER-founder of "Marxism" the ideological alternative to
capitalism
Max Weber (1864-1920) - ANSWER-first to use sociological imagination. created
Verstehen ("understanding"). To truly understand why people act the way they do, a
sociologist must understand the meanings people attach to their actions.
Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) - ANSWER-studied suicide and showed how individual
acts are conditioned by social forces.
Anomie - ANSWER-too little social regulation; normlessness
Georg Simmel - ANSWER-Established a sociology of numbers, how people conduct
themselves differently depending how many people are involved
Sociology "cousins" - ANSWER-Psychology, anthropology, History, political science
, Symbolic Interactionism - ANSWER-A micro-level theory in which shared means and
assumptions form the basic motivations behind people's actions
Quantitative Methods - ANSWER-uses statistical analysis to examine numerical data
(data that can be converted to numerical form)
Qualitative methods - ANSWER-methods that attempt to collect information about
the social world that cannot be readily converted to numeric form.
Sociology - ANSWER-The study of human society. The general goal of sociology is
to allow us to see how our individual lives are intimately related to the social forces
that exist beyond us
Deductive approach - ANSWER-a research approach that starts with a theory, forms
a hypothesis, makes empirical observations, and then analyzes the data to confirm,
reject, or modify the original theory
Inductive approach - ANSWER-a research approach that starts with empirical
observations and then works to form a theory.
correlation or association - ANSWER-simultaneous variation in two variables
Causality - ANSWER-The notion that a change in one factor results in a
corresponding change in another
Reverse Causality - ANSWER-A situation in which the researcher believes that A
results in a change in B, but B in fact, is causing A
Dependent Variable - ANSWER-The outcome you are trying to explain
Independent Variable - ANSWER-Measures a variable that, if changed, you predict
will be associated with changes in the dependent variable.
Hypothesis - ANSWER-a proposed relationship between two variables
Operationalization - ANSWER-the process of assigning a precise method for
measuring a term being examined for use in a particular study.
Validity - ANSWER-the extent to which an instrument measures what it is intended to
measure
Reliability - ANSWER-likelihood of obtaining consistent results using the same
measure
Generalizability - ANSWER-the extent to which we can claim our findings inform us
about a group larger than the one we studied
Reflexivity - ANSWER-analyzing and critically considering our own role in, and affect
onm our research.
