Nats 1670 Final Exam Questions and Correct Answers
Question
What is transcription
Correct Answer
DNA is transcribed into RNA
RNA is translated to form polypeptides
DNA itself is used for storage and transmission
translation is the process of releasing information contained in a DNA template
The sequence of bases in the DNA template is copied into an RNA sequences, which is either
used directly or translated into polypeptide
Question 1
What are the three steps of transcription
Correct Answer
1) initiation
2) Elongation
3) Termination
Question 1
What is a vaccination?
Correct Answer
Injection of antigens;
Antigens from dead microorganisms
Question 2
Treatments for allergies?
Correct Answer
Immunotherapy
Prescription medication in the form of pills or liquid, nasal sprays, or eye drops
Avoiding allergins
,Question 3
What is immunotherapy?
Correct Answer
desensitization or hypo-sensitization, is a medical treatment for environmental allergies, such as
insect bites, and asthma. Immunotherapy involves exposing people to larger and larger amounts
of allergen in an attempt to change the immune system's response
Question 4
Oral immunotherapy
Correct Answer
Making sure that you do this at hospital not home because you might need medicial attention
Question 5
Identifying allergies
Correct Answer
Skin test: a drop of a suspected allergen is pricked on the surface of the skin. The test is
performed on the back or forearm. Many suspected allergens are tested at the same time. If
you are allergic to one of the tests, you will have redness and swelling at the test spot.
Question 6
Advtanges of Passive Immunization
Correct Answer
Immediate protection
Question 7
Disadvantages of Passive Immunization
,Correct Answer
- no long term proection
- Risk of infection with unknown pathogens (e.g. 80's - hepatitis B/C and AIDS
- Serum sickness - Ex. receiving antibodies from a horse serum, could develop (one day)
negative immune response and cause "Serum Sickness"
Question 8
Functions of Agglutination
Correct Answer
To bind to a certain antigen/pathogen and to counter its effect
Question 9
Neutralization
Correct Answer
Ab "neutralizes" toxins, binds to attachment molecules
Question 10
Agglutination
Correct Answer
is the clumping of particles. The process that occurs if an antigen is mixed with corresponding
antibody called isoagglutinin. This term is commonly used in blood grouping .
Question 11
Precipitation
Correct Answer
cannot see with naked eye - not large enough to see the proteins
, Question 12
Opsonization
Correct Answer
by antibiotic (Ab) - Fc receptors - triggers phagocytosis "neutrophil/microphage" = phagocytosis
Question 13
Lytic attack pathway
Correct Answer
assembly of the lytic complex - a way to kill bacterial cells through compliment activation
Question 14
How to protect a baby from hepatits B transmission from mother
Correct Answer
- baby shots for hepatits B (CDC recommendations)
- birth (if mom HBV +)
- H-BIG: Hepatits B immune globulin. Passively delivered antibody that provides "instant"
protection against HBV + Hepatitis B Vaccine
- 1-2 months old: Hepatitis B vaccine + 6 months: Hepatitis B vaccine
- 19 out of 20 babies who get the shots will be protected for life
Question 15
Antigen
Correct Answer
are substances that induce a specific immune response
Question 16
Antibodies
Question
What is transcription
Correct Answer
DNA is transcribed into RNA
RNA is translated to form polypeptides
DNA itself is used for storage and transmission
translation is the process of releasing information contained in a DNA template
The sequence of bases in the DNA template is copied into an RNA sequences, which is either
used directly or translated into polypeptide
Question 1
What are the three steps of transcription
Correct Answer
1) initiation
2) Elongation
3) Termination
Question 1
What is a vaccination?
Correct Answer
Injection of antigens;
Antigens from dead microorganisms
Question 2
Treatments for allergies?
Correct Answer
Immunotherapy
Prescription medication in the form of pills or liquid, nasal sprays, or eye drops
Avoiding allergins
,Question 3
What is immunotherapy?
Correct Answer
desensitization or hypo-sensitization, is a medical treatment for environmental allergies, such as
insect bites, and asthma. Immunotherapy involves exposing people to larger and larger amounts
of allergen in an attempt to change the immune system's response
Question 4
Oral immunotherapy
Correct Answer
Making sure that you do this at hospital not home because you might need medicial attention
Question 5
Identifying allergies
Correct Answer
Skin test: a drop of a suspected allergen is pricked on the surface of the skin. The test is
performed on the back or forearm. Many suspected allergens are tested at the same time. If
you are allergic to one of the tests, you will have redness and swelling at the test spot.
Question 6
Advtanges of Passive Immunization
Correct Answer
Immediate protection
Question 7
Disadvantages of Passive Immunization
,Correct Answer
- no long term proection
- Risk of infection with unknown pathogens (e.g. 80's - hepatitis B/C and AIDS
- Serum sickness - Ex. receiving antibodies from a horse serum, could develop (one day)
negative immune response and cause "Serum Sickness"
Question 8
Functions of Agglutination
Correct Answer
To bind to a certain antigen/pathogen and to counter its effect
Question 9
Neutralization
Correct Answer
Ab "neutralizes" toxins, binds to attachment molecules
Question 10
Agglutination
Correct Answer
is the clumping of particles. The process that occurs if an antigen is mixed with corresponding
antibody called isoagglutinin. This term is commonly used in blood grouping .
Question 11
Precipitation
Correct Answer
cannot see with naked eye - not large enough to see the proteins
, Question 12
Opsonization
Correct Answer
by antibiotic (Ab) - Fc receptors - triggers phagocytosis "neutrophil/microphage" = phagocytosis
Question 13
Lytic attack pathway
Correct Answer
assembly of the lytic complex - a way to kill bacterial cells through compliment activation
Question 14
How to protect a baby from hepatits B transmission from mother
Correct Answer
- baby shots for hepatits B (CDC recommendations)
- birth (if mom HBV +)
- H-BIG: Hepatits B immune globulin. Passively delivered antibody that provides "instant"
protection against HBV + Hepatitis B Vaccine
- 1-2 months old: Hepatitis B vaccine + 6 months: Hepatitis B vaccine
- 19 out of 20 babies who get the shots will be protected for life
Question 15
Antigen
Correct Answer
are substances that induce a specific immune response
Question 16
Antibodies
