How do GLUT-4s work?
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When a cell is stimulated by insulin it upregulates GLUT-4 carrier proteins
so glucose can bind to them and come in
How does endocytosis generally work?
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Particles are brought into the cell by invaginations of the cell membrane
Lumen means
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Space/opening
What part of the junctional complex holds the two cells together by dissipating forces
that try to pull them apart?
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Desmosomes
If a cell is in a hypertonic solution, what will happen?
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If a cell is in a hypertonic solution, it will crenate because the solution
outside of the cell has a lower osmotic potential so the water will flow out
of the cell towards the high solute concentration and the cell will shrink
and then crenate
What cell shape is skeletal muscle?
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Fibrous
,What are the identity markers of the cell?
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Glycocalyx (glycolipids and glycoproteins)
How much greater is the visibility of a TEM compared to an LM?
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3 orders of magnitude
How small can the human eye see?
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200 um
What are the three "portions" of an integral membrane protein?
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Portion facing ISF, portion facing ICF, and portion embedded in the
phospholipid bilayer
, How many different types of cells are there?
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over 200
What are the steps of a G-sub S coupled protein signal transduction response?
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First, a ligand binds to a membrane receptor that is coupled with a G-
protein. This particular G-protein is stimulatory. When the ligand binds, the
G sub s protein activates the effector protein which is adenylyl cyclase, a
membrane enzyme. The adenylyl cyclase converts ATP to cAMP, which is a
secondary messenger. The cAMPE activates protein kinase A (PKA)—a later
effector—which increases the phosphorylation of proteins
How big is a typical human cell?
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10 um
What structure anchors cells to the underlying basal lamina?
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Give this one a try later!
When a cell is stimulated by insulin it upregulates GLUT-4 carrier proteins
so glucose can bind to them and come in
How does endocytosis generally work?
Give this one a try later!
Particles are brought into the cell by invaginations of the cell membrane
Lumen means
,Give this one a try later!
Space/opening
What part of the junctional complex holds the two cells together by dissipating forces
that try to pull them apart?
Give this one a try later!
Desmosomes
If a cell is in a hypertonic solution, what will happen?
Give this one a try later!
If a cell is in a hypertonic solution, it will crenate because the solution
outside of the cell has a lower osmotic potential so the water will flow out
of the cell towards the high solute concentration and the cell will shrink
and then crenate
What cell shape is skeletal muscle?
Give this one a try later!
Fibrous
,What are the identity markers of the cell?
Give this one a try later!
Glycocalyx (glycolipids and glycoproteins)
How much greater is the visibility of a TEM compared to an LM?
Give this one a try later!
3 orders of magnitude
How small can the human eye see?
Give this one a try later!
200 um
What are the three "portions" of an integral membrane protein?
Give this one a try later!
Portion facing ISF, portion facing ICF, and portion embedded in the
phospholipid bilayer
, How many different types of cells are there?
Give this one a try later!
over 200
What are the steps of a G-sub S coupled protein signal transduction response?
Give this one a try later!
First, a ligand binds to a membrane receptor that is coupled with a G-
protein. This particular G-protein is stimulatory. When the ligand binds, the
G sub s protein activates the effector protein which is adenylyl cyclase, a
membrane enzyme. The adenylyl cyclase converts ATP to cAMP, which is a
secondary messenger. The cAMPE activates protein kinase A (PKA)—a later
effector—which increases the phosphorylation of proteins
How big is a typical human cell?
Give this one a try later!
10 um
What structure anchors cells to the underlying basal lamina?
Give this one a try later!
