Describe the components of negative feedback control systems using a typical neural
reflex
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6. The body maintains homeostasis through reflexes - The stimulus
(disturbance) activates the sensory receptor. This activation initiates the
afferent pathway, delivering the input to the control center (in a typical
reflex, the control center is the CNS). In the control center, the input from
the sensor (actual value) is compared to the set point (desired value). The
results of the comparison lead to sending out a command through the
efferent pathway, which goes to the effector, and the effector is what
causes the response to correct the stimulus/disturbance.
Describe positive feedback including how often it occurs in the body. Explain the
positive feedback cycle that occurs during labor and when it "turns off"
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, Positive feedback typically only occurs during labor. This occurs when the
direction of the response is the same as the direction of the disturbance,
which overall reinforces the disturbance. When a baby's head is being
pushed against the cervix, the cervix stretches, which secretes oxytocin,
which produces stronger contractions, which allows the baby's head to
push against the cervix even more, and the cycle continues until the baby is
born and the "wedge" is gone.
Describe how behavioral adaptions can (like feedforward mechanisms can) reduce
fluctuation of the controlled variable
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Behavioral adaptations (like putting on a coat in cold weather) can reduce
the controlled variable fluctuations and not make the controlled variable
change as much.
Define homeostasis using the physiologists' definition of homeostasis
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The physiologist's definition of homeostasis is "maintenance of a relatively
constant internal environment".
Describe how the body maintains homeostasis (hint: by producing a response...)
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reflex
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6. The body maintains homeostasis through reflexes - The stimulus
(disturbance) activates the sensory receptor. This activation initiates the
afferent pathway, delivering the input to the control center (in a typical
reflex, the control center is the CNS). In the control center, the input from
the sensor (actual value) is compared to the set point (desired value). The
results of the comparison lead to sending out a command through the
efferent pathway, which goes to the effector, and the effector is what
causes the response to correct the stimulus/disturbance.
Describe positive feedback including how often it occurs in the body. Explain the
positive feedback cycle that occurs during labor and when it "turns off"
Give this one a try later!
, Positive feedback typically only occurs during labor. This occurs when the
direction of the response is the same as the direction of the disturbance,
which overall reinforces the disturbance. When a baby's head is being
pushed against the cervix, the cervix stretches, which secretes oxytocin,
which produces stronger contractions, which allows the baby's head to
push against the cervix even more, and the cycle continues until the baby is
born and the "wedge" is gone.
Describe how behavioral adaptions can (like feedforward mechanisms can) reduce
fluctuation of the controlled variable
Give this one a try later!
Behavioral adaptations (like putting on a coat in cold weather) can reduce
the controlled variable fluctuations and not make the controlled variable
change as much.
Define homeostasis using the physiologists' definition of homeostasis
Give this one a try later!
The physiologist's definition of homeostasis is "maintenance of a relatively
constant internal environment".
Describe how the body maintains homeostasis (hint: by producing a response...)
Give this one a try later!
