AP BIOLOGY UNIT 6 TEST QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Antiparallel - ANS -referring to the arrangement of the sugar-phosphate
backbones in a DNA double helix (they run in opposite 5' -3' directions).
Gene - ANS -sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus
determines a trait
Genome - ANS -the complete instructions for making an organism,
consisting of all the genetic material in that organism's chromosomes
DNA in prokaryotes - ANS -DNA is contained in the cytoplasm and
consists of a ring of DNA
Chromosome - ANS -a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein
found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in
the form of genes.
Histones - ANS -protein molecules around which DNA is tightly coiled in
chromatin
, DNA replication - ANS -the process of making a copy of DNA
Helicase - ANS -The beginning of DNA replication. An enzyme that
untwists the double helix at the replication forks, separating the two
parental strands and making them available as template strands.
origins of replication - ANS -Sites where the replication of a DNA
molecule begins.
DNA topoisomerase - ANS -An enzyme that unwinds and winds coils of
DNA that form during replication and transcription.
DNA polymerase - ANS -Enzyme involved in DNA replication that joins
individual nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule. Can only add
nucleotides to the 3' end of a strand. (5' to 3' direction)
RNA primase - ANS -An enzyme that creates an RNA primer for initiation
of DNA replication.
RNA primer - ANS -short segment of RNA used to initiate synthesis of a
new strand of DNA during replication. After replication, the primer is
replaced by DNA so that the final strand contains only DNA.
ANSWERS
Antiparallel - ANS -referring to the arrangement of the sugar-phosphate
backbones in a DNA double helix (they run in opposite 5' -3' directions).
Gene - ANS -sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus
determines a trait
Genome - ANS -the complete instructions for making an organism,
consisting of all the genetic material in that organism's chromosomes
DNA in prokaryotes - ANS -DNA is contained in the cytoplasm and
consists of a ring of DNA
Chromosome - ANS -a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein
found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in
the form of genes.
Histones - ANS -protein molecules around which DNA is tightly coiled in
chromatin
, DNA replication - ANS -the process of making a copy of DNA
Helicase - ANS -The beginning of DNA replication. An enzyme that
untwists the double helix at the replication forks, separating the two
parental strands and making them available as template strands.
origins of replication - ANS -Sites where the replication of a DNA
molecule begins.
DNA topoisomerase - ANS -An enzyme that unwinds and winds coils of
DNA that form during replication and transcription.
DNA polymerase - ANS -Enzyme involved in DNA replication that joins
individual nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule. Can only add
nucleotides to the 3' end of a strand. (5' to 3' direction)
RNA primase - ANS -An enzyme that creates an RNA primer for initiation
of DNA replication.
RNA primer - ANS -short segment of RNA used to initiate synthesis of a
new strand of DNA during replication. After replication, the primer is
replaced by DNA so that the final strand contains only DNA.
