AP BIOLOGY TEST CELLS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

AP BIOLOGY TEST CELLS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS


Centrosome - ANS --the organizing center for microtubules
-no centrioles in plant cell until cell division


Nucleus - ANS --to control organelle
-controls and direct activities
-contains DNA/chromosomes
-usually the largest organelle
-each cell has fixed # of chromosomes w/ genes
-genes control cell characteristics


Nucleolus - ANS --inside the nucleus
-creates ribosomes


Nuclear Envelope/Membrane - ANS --2 layers
-has nuclear pores so materials can go through
-connected to the rough ER


Mitochondria - ANS --powerhouse of the cell
-where cell respiration occurs

, -more active cell = more mitochondria
-found in plant + animal cells
-double membrane
-has its own DNA
-store ATP


Chloroplasts - ANS --double membrane
-own DNA
-enzymes and pigments for photosynthesis
-very complex structure
-present in plants


Vacuole - ANS --storage center
-fluid filled sacs
-small or absent in animals
-stores anything: carbs, proteins, minerals, waste, etc.


Ribosomes - ANS --protein and rRNA
-2 parts: large and small
-protein factories: join amino acids w/protein synthesis
-can be attached to ER or are free floating