FLS EXAM 2025 (ACTUAL EXAM) | FUNDAMENTALS OF LAPAROSCOPIC
SURGERY EXAM | ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS | GRADED A+ |
LATEST EXAM |VERIFIED ANSWERS ACTUAL UPDATED Questions and
CORRECT Answers
C
Terms in this set (277)
Describe a monopolar energy route? -electrode > tissue > patient > return pad
Describe a bipolar energy route? -electrode > tissue > electrode
--> electrodes shaped like forceps
Three modes of monopolar devices? -cut
-coagulation
-blending
Describe the mechanism of monopolar cutting? -heats tissue quickly > converts water to steam > causes cells to explode
Describe the mechanism of monopolar coagulation? -rapid surface heating
What is current diversion and when does it occur? -when current passes through unintentional tissue following the path of least
resistance
What precautions should surgeons take when utilizing -inspect insulation carefully
laparoscopy? -use lowest possible power setting
-use lowest voltage waveform possible
-use brief intermittent activation vs. prolonged activation
-do not active unless in close proximity to target tissue
-do not activate in close proximity to another instrument
-use bipolar instrumentation when possible
What is capacitative coupling? -the transfer of energy within an electrical network or between distant networks
by means of displacement current between circuit nodes, induced by the electric
field
What is direct coupling? -the the transfer of electrical energy by means of physical contact via a
conductive medium (such as between two instruments)
When is a narrow return circuit formed? -when a monopolar instrument comes into contact with a ligated tissue
Bipolar instruments can seal vessels up to what diameter? -7 mm
Hazards of using bipolar instruments? -inadvertent thermal injury
-inadvertent cutting of patent before adequate sealing
-improper device function if metal is contained within the jaws
, The harmonic is an example of what type of device? -piezoelectric transducer
The use of all plastic or all metal trocars can avoid which -capacitative coupling
problem during electrosurgery?
Surgeons should have their arms how many degrees -30 degrees
away from their body?
Elbows should be flexed between...? -60 to 120 degrees
Consideration for patients on steroids or -may need stress dosing
immunosuppressive drugs?
When should warfarin be discontinued before surgery? -three days
Any proof that NSAIDs need to be discontinued before -no
surgery?
ASA class one? -no disturbance
ASA class two? -mild to moderate systemic disease
ASA class three? -severe systemic disease
What patients may not be suitable for LSC surgery? -ASA 4 and 5
How long should trocars be in obsese patients? -greater than 100 mm
Approaches to minimizing complications during entry in -elevating abdominal wall
thin patients? -place veress near costal margin
-use hassan open approach or direct entry
Absolute contraindications to laparoscopy? -hypovolemic shock
-lack of training
-lack of institutional support
-can't tolerate laparotomy
Relative contraindications to laparoscopy? -inability to tolerate general anesthesia
-long-standing peritonitis
-large abdominal or pelvic mass
-massive incarcerated ventral and inguinal hernias
-severe cardiopulmonary disease
Contraindications to LSC cholecystectomy? -gallbladder cancer
-portal HTN
-cirrhosis
-acute cholecystitis
-mirizzi syndrome
SURGERY EXAM | ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS | GRADED A+ |
LATEST EXAM |VERIFIED ANSWERS ACTUAL UPDATED Questions and
CORRECT Answers
C
Terms in this set (277)
Describe a monopolar energy route? -electrode > tissue > patient > return pad
Describe a bipolar energy route? -electrode > tissue > electrode
--> electrodes shaped like forceps
Three modes of monopolar devices? -cut
-coagulation
-blending
Describe the mechanism of monopolar cutting? -heats tissue quickly > converts water to steam > causes cells to explode
Describe the mechanism of monopolar coagulation? -rapid surface heating
What is current diversion and when does it occur? -when current passes through unintentional tissue following the path of least
resistance
What precautions should surgeons take when utilizing -inspect insulation carefully
laparoscopy? -use lowest possible power setting
-use lowest voltage waveform possible
-use brief intermittent activation vs. prolonged activation
-do not active unless in close proximity to target tissue
-do not activate in close proximity to another instrument
-use bipolar instrumentation when possible
What is capacitative coupling? -the transfer of energy within an electrical network or between distant networks
by means of displacement current between circuit nodes, induced by the electric
field
What is direct coupling? -the the transfer of electrical energy by means of physical contact via a
conductive medium (such as between two instruments)
When is a narrow return circuit formed? -when a monopolar instrument comes into contact with a ligated tissue
Bipolar instruments can seal vessels up to what diameter? -7 mm
Hazards of using bipolar instruments? -inadvertent thermal injury
-inadvertent cutting of patent before adequate sealing
-improper device function if metal is contained within the jaws
, The harmonic is an example of what type of device? -piezoelectric transducer
The use of all plastic or all metal trocars can avoid which -capacitative coupling
problem during electrosurgery?
Surgeons should have their arms how many degrees -30 degrees
away from their body?
Elbows should be flexed between...? -60 to 120 degrees
Consideration for patients on steroids or -may need stress dosing
immunosuppressive drugs?
When should warfarin be discontinued before surgery? -three days
Any proof that NSAIDs need to be discontinued before -no
surgery?
ASA class one? -no disturbance
ASA class two? -mild to moderate systemic disease
ASA class three? -severe systemic disease
What patients may not be suitable for LSC surgery? -ASA 4 and 5
How long should trocars be in obsese patients? -greater than 100 mm
Approaches to minimizing complications during entry in -elevating abdominal wall
thin patients? -place veress near costal margin
-use hassan open approach or direct entry
Absolute contraindications to laparoscopy? -hypovolemic shock
-lack of training
-lack of institutional support
-can't tolerate laparotomy
Relative contraindications to laparoscopy? -inability to tolerate general anesthesia
-long-standing peritonitis
-large abdominal or pelvic mass
-massive incarcerated ventral and inguinal hernias
-severe cardiopulmonary disease
Contraindications to LSC cholecystectomy? -gallbladder cancer
-portal HTN
-cirrhosis
-acute cholecystitis
-mirizzi syndrome
