NSG 221 EXAM
1. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder: Obsessive-compulsive person-
ality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of preoccupation with per- fectionism, mental and interpersonal
control, and orderliness at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency. Clients are preoccupied with orderliness
and try to maintain it in all areas of life.They strive for perfection as though it were attainable and are preoccupied with
details, rules, lists, and schedules to the point of often missing "the big picture."
2. Dependent personality disorder: Dependent personality disorder is character- ized by a pervasive and excessive
need to be taken care of, which leads to sub- missive and clinging behavior and fears of separation Clients are
frequently anxious and may be mildly uncomfortable.They are often pessimistic and self-critical; other people hurt
their feelings easily. When these clients do experience the end of
a relationship, they urgently and desperately seek another.The unspoken motto seems to be: "Any relationship is
better than no relationship at all."
3. Avoidant personality disorder: Avoidant personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of social
discomfort and reticence, low self-esteem, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation. Clients with avoidant
personality disorder have low self-esteem.They are hypersensitive to negative evaluation from others and readily
believe themselves to be inferior. Clients may report some success in occupational roles because they are so eager to
please or to win a supervisor's approval.Shyness, awkwardness, or fear of failure, however, may prevent them from
seeking jobs that might be more suitable, challenging, or rewarding.
4. Narcissistic personality disorder: Narcissistic personality disorder is charac- terized by a pervasive pattern of
grandiosity (in fantasy or behavior), need for admiration, and lack of empathy.Clients may display an arrogant or
haughty attitude. They lack the ability to recognize or empathize with the feelings of others.Underlying self-esteem is
almost always fragile and vulnerable.These clients are hypersensitive to criticism and need constant attention and
admiration
5. Histrionic personality disorder: Histrionic personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of
excessive emotionality and attention seeking.The ten- dency of these clients to exaggerate the closeness of
relationships or to dramatize relatively minor occurrences can result in unreliable data. Expressed emotions, though
colorful, are insincere and shallow; this is readily apparent to others but not to clients.They experience rapid shifts in
moods and emotions and may be laughing uproariously one moment and sobbing the next.
6. Bipolar Disorder: BPD is characterized by a pervasive pattern of unstable inter- personal relationships, self-image,
and affect as well as marked impulsivity. BPD is the most common personality disorder found in clinical settings. It is
three times more
, common in women than in men. Up to three-quarters of clients with BPD engage in
deliberate self-harm, sometimes called nonsuicidal self-injury.
7. Antisocial personality disorder: Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard
for and violation of the rights of others—and by the central characteristics of deceit and manipulation.
8. Schizotypal personality disorder: Schizotypal personality disorder is charac- terized by a pervasive pattern of
social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with and reduced capacity for close relationships as
well as by cognitive or perceptual distortions and behavioral eccentricities.Clients often have an odd ap- pearance that
causes others to notice them.They may be unkempt and disheveled, and their clothes are often ill-fitting, do not
match, and may be stained or dirty.They may wander aimlessly and, at times, become preoccupied with some
environmental detail. Cognitive distortions include ideas of reference, magical thinking, odd or un- founded beliefs,
and a preoccupation with parapsychology, including extrasensory perception and clairvoyance.
9. Schizoid personality disorder: Schizoid personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of detachment
from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression in interpersonal settings. Clients generally are
accomplished intellectually and often involved with computers or electronics for work or to pass their time. Clients
may be indecisive and lack future goals or direction. They see no need for planning and have no aspirations.
10. Paranoid personality disorder: Paranoid personality disorder is characterized by pervasive mistrust and
suspiciousness of others. Clients with this disorder inter- pret others' actions as potentially harmful.These clients use
the defense mechanism of projection, which is blaming other people, institutions, or events for their own difficulties
11. Schizoaffective disorder: describes a condition in which the client exhibits symptoms of psychosis and a
mood disorder such as depression.
12. Torticollis: a dystonic reaction that results in muscle spasms in the neck, can be very painful for the client.
13. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: is a potentially life-threatening reaction seen with clients taking
antipsychotic medications.
14. Polydipsia: or an excessive ingestion of water, can have potentially life-threat- ening effects on fluid and
electrolyte balances.
15. T/F
In communicating with a client experiencing a delusion, it is important for the nurse to avoid confronting the false
belief.: True
16. T/F
A client with schizophrenia may exhibit echolalia, an abnormal speech pattern
1. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder: Obsessive-compulsive person-
ality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of preoccupation with per- fectionism, mental and interpersonal
control, and orderliness at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency. Clients are preoccupied with orderliness
and try to maintain it in all areas of life.They strive for perfection as though it were attainable and are preoccupied with
details, rules, lists, and schedules to the point of often missing "the big picture."
2. Dependent personality disorder: Dependent personality disorder is character- ized by a pervasive and excessive
need to be taken care of, which leads to sub- missive and clinging behavior and fears of separation Clients are
frequently anxious and may be mildly uncomfortable.They are often pessimistic and self-critical; other people hurt
their feelings easily. When these clients do experience the end of
a relationship, they urgently and desperately seek another.The unspoken motto seems to be: "Any relationship is
better than no relationship at all."
3. Avoidant personality disorder: Avoidant personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of social
discomfort and reticence, low self-esteem, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation. Clients with avoidant
personality disorder have low self-esteem.They are hypersensitive to negative evaluation from others and readily
believe themselves to be inferior. Clients may report some success in occupational roles because they are so eager to
please or to win a supervisor's approval.Shyness, awkwardness, or fear of failure, however, may prevent them from
seeking jobs that might be more suitable, challenging, or rewarding.
4. Narcissistic personality disorder: Narcissistic personality disorder is charac- terized by a pervasive pattern of
grandiosity (in fantasy or behavior), need for admiration, and lack of empathy.Clients may display an arrogant or
haughty attitude. They lack the ability to recognize or empathize with the feelings of others.Underlying self-esteem is
almost always fragile and vulnerable.These clients are hypersensitive to criticism and need constant attention and
admiration
5. Histrionic personality disorder: Histrionic personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of
excessive emotionality and attention seeking.The ten- dency of these clients to exaggerate the closeness of
relationships or to dramatize relatively minor occurrences can result in unreliable data. Expressed emotions, though
colorful, are insincere and shallow; this is readily apparent to others but not to clients.They experience rapid shifts in
moods and emotions and may be laughing uproariously one moment and sobbing the next.
6. Bipolar Disorder: BPD is characterized by a pervasive pattern of unstable inter- personal relationships, self-image,
and affect as well as marked impulsivity. BPD is the most common personality disorder found in clinical settings. It is
three times more
, common in women than in men. Up to three-quarters of clients with BPD engage in
deliberate self-harm, sometimes called nonsuicidal self-injury.
7. Antisocial personality disorder: Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard
for and violation of the rights of others—and by the central characteristics of deceit and manipulation.
8. Schizotypal personality disorder: Schizotypal personality disorder is charac- terized by a pervasive pattern of
social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with and reduced capacity for close relationships as
well as by cognitive or perceptual distortions and behavioral eccentricities.Clients often have an odd ap- pearance that
causes others to notice them.They may be unkempt and disheveled, and their clothes are often ill-fitting, do not
match, and may be stained or dirty.They may wander aimlessly and, at times, become preoccupied with some
environmental detail. Cognitive distortions include ideas of reference, magical thinking, odd or un- founded beliefs,
and a preoccupation with parapsychology, including extrasensory perception and clairvoyance.
9. Schizoid personality disorder: Schizoid personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of detachment
from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression in interpersonal settings. Clients generally are
accomplished intellectually and often involved with computers or electronics for work or to pass their time. Clients
may be indecisive and lack future goals or direction. They see no need for planning and have no aspirations.
10. Paranoid personality disorder: Paranoid personality disorder is characterized by pervasive mistrust and
suspiciousness of others. Clients with this disorder inter- pret others' actions as potentially harmful.These clients use
the defense mechanism of projection, which is blaming other people, institutions, or events for their own difficulties
11. Schizoaffective disorder: describes a condition in which the client exhibits symptoms of psychosis and a
mood disorder such as depression.
12. Torticollis: a dystonic reaction that results in muscle spasms in the neck, can be very painful for the client.
13. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: is a potentially life-threatening reaction seen with clients taking
antipsychotic medications.
14. Polydipsia: or an excessive ingestion of water, can have potentially life-threat- ening effects on fluid and
electrolyte balances.
15. T/F
In communicating with a client experiencing a delusion, it is important for the nurse to avoid confronting the false
belief.: True
16. T/F
A client with schizophrenia may exhibit echolalia, an abnormal speech pattern
