ANSWERS 2026\2027
The nurse is taking the health history of a patient being treated for
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Emphysema and Chronic Bronchitis. After being told the patient has been
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smoking cigarettes for 30 years, the nurse expects to note which assessment
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finding?
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1. Increase in Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)
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2. A narrowed chest cavity
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3. Clubbed fingers
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4. An increased risk of cardiac failure
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Capacity (FVC)
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Forced Vital Capacity is the volume of air exhaled from full inhalation to full
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exhalation. A patient with COPD would have a decrease in FVC. Incorrect.
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2. A narrowed chest cavity
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A patient with COPD often presents with a 'barrel chest,' which is seen as a
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widened chest cavity. Incorrect.
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3. Clubbed fingers - CORRECT
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Clubbed fingers are a sign of a long-term, or chronic, decrease in oxygen levels.
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4. An increased risk of cardiac failure
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,Although a patient with these conditions would indeed be at an increased risk
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for cardiac failure, this is a potential complication and not an assessment
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finding. Incorrect.
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The nurse is taking the health history of a 70-year-old patient being treated for
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a Duodenal Ulcer. After being told the patient is complaining of epigastric
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pain, the nurse expects to note which assessment finding?
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1. Melena
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2. Nausea
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3. Hernia
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4. Hyperthermia
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Melena is the finding that there are traces of blood in the stool which presents
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as black, tarry feces. This is a common manifestation of Duodenal Ulcers, since
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the Duodenum is further down the gastric anatomy.
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2. Nausea
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Nausea may be present, but is a generalized symptom and by itself doesn't
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indicate a Duodenal Ulcer. Incorrect.
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3. Hernia
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A Hernia is a protrusion of a segment of the abdomen through another
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abdominal structure. It is not associated with an Ulcer and is a condition, not
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an assessment finding. Incorrect.
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4. Hyperthermia
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,Hyperthermia, a high temperature, is not an assessment finding of a Duodenal
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Ulcer. Incorrect
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A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a patient with severe
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Gastroesophogeal Reflux Disease. Which of these statements by the patient
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indicates a need for more teaching?
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1. "I'm going to limit my meals to 2-3 per day to reduce acid secretion."
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2. "I'm going to make sure to remain upright after meals and elevate my head
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when I sleep"
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3. "I won't be drinking tea or coffee or eating chocolate any more."
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4. "I'm going to start trying to lose some weight." ANSWER 1. "I'm going to
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limit my meals to 2-3 per day to reduce acid secretion."
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CORRECT - Large meals increase the volume and pressure in the stomach and
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delay gastric emptying. It's recommended instead to eat 4-6 small meals a day.
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2. "I'm going to make sure to remain upright after meals and elevate my head
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when I sleep"
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Incorrect - This is a correct verbalization of health promotion for GERD.
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3. "I won't be drinking tea or coffee or eating chocolate any more."
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Incorrect - This is a correct verbalization of health promotion for GERD.
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, 4. "I'm going to start trying to lose some weight."
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Incorrect - This is a correct verbalization of health promotion for GERD.
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The nurse in the Emergency Room is treating a patient suspected to have a
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Peptic Ulcer. On assessing lab results, the nurse finds that the patient's blood
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pressure is 95/60, pulse is 110 beats per minute, and the patient reports
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epigastric pain. What is the PRIORITY intervention?
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1. Start a large-bore IV in the patient's arm
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2. Ask the patient for a stool sample
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3. Prepare to insert an NG Tube
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4. Administer intramuscular morphine sulphate as ordered
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large-bore IV in the patient's arm
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CORRECT - The nurse should suspect that the patient is haemorrhaging and will
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need need a fluid replacement therapy, which requires a large bore IV.
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2. Ask the patient for a stool sample
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Incorrect - While this is useful in the diagnosis and assessment of Peptic Ulcer
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Disease, it is not the priority intervention.
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3. Prepare to insert an NG Tube
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Incorrect - While this intervention may be used in the later stages of Peptic
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Ulcer Disease, it is not the first and priority intervention.
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4. Administer intramuscular morphine sulphate as ordered
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Incorrect - While this is an important intervention to manage pain, it is not the
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priority intervention.
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