1
MED SURG EXAM TEST BANK
MED SURG EXAM TEST BANK 3 with 263 Questions
and Correct Answers with Detailed Rationales /
MED SURG Hesi, RN Med Surg Proctored, Evolve
HESI Med Surg Comprehensive Practice Exam
Latest
Which nail color alteration should the nurse expect to observe in a client with
chronic kidney disease?
Horizontal white banding.
Diffuse blue discoloration.
Diffuse brown discoloration.
Thin, dark red vertical lines. –
, 2
MED SURG EXAM TEST BANK
Correct Answer :Horizontal white banding.
Fingernails and toenails can be affected by chronic kidney disease. This condition
may cause horizontal white lines or bands (leukonychia) to appear on the nails.
Ignatavicius,(2016). Medical-surgical nursing: Patient-centered collaborative
care, eight edition., Ch. 24, p. 426.
What instruction should the nurse give a client who is diagnosed with fibrocystic
changes of the breast?
Observe cyst size fluctuations as a sign of malignancy.
Use estrogen supplements to reduce breast discomfort.
Notify the healthcare provider if whitish nipple discharge occurs.
Perform a breast self-exam (BSE) procedure monthly. –
Correct Answer :Perform a breast self-exam (BSE) procedure monthly.
Fibrocystic changes in the breast are related to excess fibrous tissue,
proliferation of mammary ducts and cyst formation that cause edema and nerve
irritation. These changes obscure typical diagnostic tests, such as
mammography, due to an increased breast density. Women with fibrocystic
breasts should be instructed to carefully perform monthly BSE and consider
changes in any previous "lumpiness." Fibrocystic disease does not increase the
risk of breast cancer. Cyst size fluctuates with the menstrual cycle, and typically
lessens after menopause, and responds with a heightened sensitivity to
circulating estrogen.
, 3
MED SURG EXAM TEST BANK
Which information about mammograms is most important to provide a post-
menopausal female client?
Breast self-examinations are not needed if annual mammograms are obtained.
Radiation exposure is minimized by shielding the abdomen with a lead-lined
apron.
Yearly mammograms should be done regardless of previous normal x-rays.
Women at high risk should have annual routine and ultrasound mammograms. –
Correct Answer :Yearly mammograms should be done regardless of previous
normal x-rays.
There are different recommendations from different agnecies. For a client with
no risk factors, the earliest breast screening recommendation is a yearly
mammogram at the age 40 and till the age of 54. After that every two years. The
American College of OB/GYN still recommend starting mammograms starting at
the age of 40 and yearly screeenings. The American Cancer Society new
guidelines recommend starting at the age of 45 and thereafter till the age of 54
years old, then every two years. The US Preventive Services Task Force Services
(USPSTS) recommends starting at the age of 50 years old and screenings every
two years thereafter.
A 49-year-old female client arrives at the clinic for an annual exam and asks the
nurse why she becomes excessively diaphoretic and feels warm during
nighttime. What is the nurse's best response?
Explain the effect of the follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones.
Discuss perimenopause and related comfort measures.
, 4
MED SURG EXAM TEST BANK
Assess lung fields and for a cough productive of blood-tinged mucous.
Ask if a fever above 101 F (38.3 C) has occurred in the last 24 hours. –
Correct Answer :Discuss perimenopause and related comfort measures.
The perimenopausal period begins about 10 years before menopause with the
cessation of menstruation at the average ages of 52 to 54. Lower estrogen
levels causes FSH and LH secretion in bursts (surges), which triggers vasomotor
instability, night sweats, and hot flashes, so discussions about the
perimenopausal body's changes, comfort measures, and treatment options
should be provided.
Which assessment finding by the nurse during a client's clinical breast
examination requires follow-up?
Newly retracted nipple.
A thickened area where the skin folds under the breast.
Whitish nipple discharge.
Tender lumpiness noted bilaterally throughout the breasts. –
Correct Answer :Newly retracted nipple.
A newly retracted nipple, compared to a life-long finding, may be an indication of
breast cancer and requires additional follow-up.
In preparing a discharge plan for a 22-year-old male client diagnosed with
Buerger's disease (thromboangiitis obliterans), which referral is most important?
MED SURG EXAM TEST BANK
MED SURG EXAM TEST BANK 3 with 263 Questions
and Correct Answers with Detailed Rationales /
MED SURG Hesi, RN Med Surg Proctored, Evolve
HESI Med Surg Comprehensive Practice Exam
Latest
Which nail color alteration should the nurse expect to observe in a client with
chronic kidney disease?
Horizontal white banding.
Diffuse blue discoloration.
Diffuse brown discoloration.
Thin, dark red vertical lines. –
, 2
MED SURG EXAM TEST BANK
Correct Answer :Horizontal white banding.
Fingernails and toenails can be affected by chronic kidney disease. This condition
may cause horizontal white lines or bands (leukonychia) to appear on the nails.
Ignatavicius,(2016). Medical-surgical nursing: Patient-centered collaborative
care, eight edition., Ch. 24, p. 426.
What instruction should the nurse give a client who is diagnosed with fibrocystic
changes of the breast?
Observe cyst size fluctuations as a sign of malignancy.
Use estrogen supplements to reduce breast discomfort.
Notify the healthcare provider if whitish nipple discharge occurs.
Perform a breast self-exam (BSE) procedure monthly. –
Correct Answer :Perform a breast self-exam (BSE) procedure monthly.
Fibrocystic changes in the breast are related to excess fibrous tissue,
proliferation of mammary ducts and cyst formation that cause edema and nerve
irritation. These changes obscure typical diagnostic tests, such as
mammography, due to an increased breast density. Women with fibrocystic
breasts should be instructed to carefully perform monthly BSE and consider
changes in any previous "lumpiness." Fibrocystic disease does not increase the
risk of breast cancer. Cyst size fluctuates with the menstrual cycle, and typically
lessens after menopause, and responds with a heightened sensitivity to
circulating estrogen.
, 3
MED SURG EXAM TEST BANK
Which information about mammograms is most important to provide a post-
menopausal female client?
Breast self-examinations are not needed if annual mammograms are obtained.
Radiation exposure is minimized by shielding the abdomen with a lead-lined
apron.
Yearly mammograms should be done regardless of previous normal x-rays.
Women at high risk should have annual routine and ultrasound mammograms. –
Correct Answer :Yearly mammograms should be done regardless of previous
normal x-rays.
There are different recommendations from different agnecies. For a client with
no risk factors, the earliest breast screening recommendation is a yearly
mammogram at the age 40 and till the age of 54. After that every two years. The
American College of OB/GYN still recommend starting mammograms starting at
the age of 40 and yearly screeenings. The American Cancer Society new
guidelines recommend starting at the age of 45 and thereafter till the age of 54
years old, then every two years. The US Preventive Services Task Force Services
(USPSTS) recommends starting at the age of 50 years old and screenings every
two years thereafter.
A 49-year-old female client arrives at the clinic for an annual exam and asks the
nurse why she becomes excessively diaphoretic and feels warm during
nighttime. What is the nurse's best response?
Explain the effect of the follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones.
Discuss perimenopause and related comfort measures.
, 4
MED SURG EXAM TEST BANK
Assess lung fields and for a cough productive of blood-tinged mucous.
Ask if a fever above 101 F (38.3 C) has occurred in the last 24 hours. –
Correct Answer :Discuss perimenopause and related comfort measures.
The perimenopausal period begins about 10 years before menopause with the
cessation of menstruation at the average ages of 52 to 54. Lower estrogen
levels causes FSH and LH secretion in bursts (surges), which triggers vasomotor
instability, night sweats, and hot flashes, so discussions about the
perimenopausal body's changes, comfort measures, and treatment options
should be provided.
Which assessment finding by the nurse during a client's clinical breast
examination requires follow-up?
Newly retracted nipple.
A thickened area where the skin folds under the breast.
Whitish nipple discharge.
Tender lumpiness noted bilaterally throughout the breasts. –
Correct Answer :Newly retracted nipple.
A newly retracted nipple, compared to a life-long finding, may be an indication of
breast cancer and requires additional follow-up.
In preparing a discharge plan for a 22-year-old male client diagnosed with
Buerger's disease (thromboangiitis obliterans), which referral is most important?
