NR 224 Fundamentals of Nursing – Weeks 3-5
Exam Review Questions with Verified Answers
& Rationales (2026–2027)
Infection Control • Safety • Medication Administration • Physical Assessment •
Pain Management • Mobility • Nutrition • Elimination • Respiratory Care
SECTION 1: INFECTION CONTROL & SAFETY (Q 1-30)
1. A nurse is preparing to insert a urinary catheter. Which technique requires
the use of sterile gloves?
A. Pouring sterile solution into a basin
B. Opening a sterile package
C. Inserting the catheter into the urethra
D. Preparing the patient's perineum with antiseptic
☑ correct answers: C. Inserting the catheter into the urethra
Rationale: Sterile gloves are required for any procedure that enters a sterile body
cavity (like the urethra) or touches the sterile field directly. Pouring solution (A)
usually requires clean gloves to protect the nurse, but the bottle doesn't touch
the sterile field. Opening a package (B) uses clean hands. Prepping the skin (D)
uses clean gloves.
2. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a patient with a MRSA infection.
Which statement indicates understanding?
A. "I will stop taking the antibiotics when I feel better."
B. "I can share my towel with family as long as they don't have cuts."
,C. "I will wash my hands with soap and water frequently."
D. "I don't need to tell future healthcare providers about this."
☑ correct answers: C. I will wash my hands with soap and water
frequently.
Rationale: Hand hygiene is the #1 way to prevent the spread of infection. MRSA
colonizes the skin; patients must finish all antibiotics (A) even if they feel better to
prevent resistance. Towels (B) should never be shared. Disclosure (D) is essential
for future hospitalization to ensure contact precautions.
3. A nurse is caring for a patient on Airborne Precautions for Tuberculosis.
Which PPE is required when entering the room?
A. Surgical mask
B. N-95 respirator
C. Gown and gloves
D. Face shield
☑ correct answers: B. N-95 respirator
Rationale: Airborne Precautions (TB, Measles, Chickenpox) require an N-95
respirator (or PAPR) because the particles are microscopic and remain suspended
in the air. Surgical masks (A) protect against droplets. Gown/gloves (C) are for
Contact. Face shield (D) is for Droplet (splashes).
4. A patient is on Contact Precautions for C. diff. The nurse cleans a blood
pressure cuff used on this patient. Which solution is most effective?
A. Alcohol-based hand sanitizer
B. Soap and water
,C. Hydrogen peroxide
D. Bleach wipes
☑ correct answers: D. Bleach wipes (or specifically, a sporicidal agent)
Rationale: C. diff spores are NOT killed by alcohol-based hand sanitizer (A). Soap
and water (B) are effective for hand washing but for equipment, a bleach-based
solution is the gold standard for killing the hardy spores.
5. A nurse is applying restraints to a confused patient who is pulling at their IV
line. Which action is incorrect?
A. Ensuring two fingers fit between the restraint and the patient's wrist
B. Tying the restraint to the side rail of the bed
C. Checking pulse and circulation every 15 minutes initially
D. Removing the restraint every 2 hours to assess skin
☑ correct answers: B. Tying the restraint to the side rail of the bed
Rationale: Restraints must be tied to the movable part of the bed frame (not the
side rail). Tying to the side rail can cause injury if the rail is lowered or moves. A,
C, and D are correct safety measures.
6. A nurse is educating a patient about fall prevention at home. Which
instruction is most important?
A. "Wear socks without grippers to slide easily."
B. "Use throw rugs to cover slippery floors."
C. "Install grab bars in the shower and beside the toilet."
D. "Keep the lights dim to save your night vision."
, ☑ correct answers: C. Install grab bars in the shower and beside the
toilet.
Rationale: Grab bars provide stability where falls are most common (bathroom).
Socks (A) should have grippers. Throw rugs (B) are a major tripping hazard. Lights
should be bright (D), not dim.
7. A nurse observes a small fire in a patient's trash can. What is the priority
action?
A. Pull the fire alarm
B. Use the fire extinguisher
C. Evacuate the patient
D. Close the patient's door
☑ correct answers: C. Evacuate the patient (R.A.C.E.)
Rationale: Recall R.A.C.E.: Rescue anyone in immediate danger, Alarm, Contain
(close doors), Extinguish. Saving the patient is always first.
8. A nurse is applying sterile gloves. The nurse picks up the first glove by the
cuff. After putting it on, the nurse picks up the second glove. Where should the
nurse grasp the second glove?
A. The outside of the cuff
B. The inside of the cuff (the folded edge)
C. Anywhere on the palm
D. The top of the fingers
☑ correct answers: B. The inside of the cuff (the folded edge)
Rationale: The first glove is applied touching only the inside of the cuff. For the
Exam Review Questions with Verified Answers
& Rationales (2026–2027)
Infection Control • Safety • Medication Administration • Physical Assessment •
Pain Management • Mobility • Nutrition • Elimination • Respiratory Care
SECTION 1: INFECTION CONTROL & SAFETY (Q 1-30)
1. A nurse is preparing to insert a urinary catheter. Which technique requires
the use of sterile gloves?
A. Pouring sterile solution into a basin
B. Opening a sterile package
C. Inserting the catheter into the urethra
D. Preparing the patient's perineum with antiseptic
☑ correct answers: C. Inserting the catheter into the urethra
Rationale: Sterile gloves are required for any procedure that enters a sterile body
cavity (like the urethra) or touches the sterile field directly. Pouring solution (A)
usually requires clean gloves to protect the nurse, but the bottle doesn't touch
the sterile field. Opening a package (B) uses clean hands. Prepping the skin (D)
uses clean gloves.
2. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a patient with a MRSA infection.
Which statement indicates understanding?
A. "I will stop taking the antibiotics when I feel better."
B. "I can share my towel with family as long as they don't have cuts."
,C. "I will wash my hands with soap and water frequently."
D. "I don't need to tell future healthcare providers about this."
☑ correct answers: C. I will wash my hands with soap and water
frequently.
Rationale: Hand hygiene is the #1 way to prevent the spread of infection. MRSA
colonizes the skin; patients must finish all antibiotics (A) even if they feel better to
prevent resistance. Towels (B) should never be shared. Disclosure (D) is essential
for future hospitalization to ensure contact precautions.
3. A nurse is caring for a patient on Airborne Precautions for Tuberculosis.
Which PPE is required when entering the room?
A. Surgical mask
B. N-95 respirator
C. Gown and gloves
D. Face shield
☑ correct answers: B. N-95 respirator
Rationale: Airborne Precautions (TB, Measles, Chickenpox) require an N-95
respirator (or PAPR) because the particles are microscopic and remain suspended
in the air. Surgical masks (A) protect against droplets. Gown/gloves (C) are for
Contact. Face shield (D) is for Droplet (splashes).
4. A patient is on Contact Precautions for C. diff. The nurse cleans a blood
pressure cuff used on this patient. Which solution is most effective?
A. Alcohol-based hand sanitizer
B. Soap and water
,C. Hydrogen peroxide
D. Bleach wipes
☑ correct answers: D. Bleach wipes (or specifically, a sporicidal agent)
Rationale: C. diff spores are NOT killed by alcohol-based hand sanitizer (A). Soap
and water (B) are effective for hand washing but for equipment, a bleach-based
solution is the gold standard for killing the hardy spores.
5. A nurse is applying restraints to a confused patient who is pulling at their IV
line. Which action is incorrect?
A. Ensuring two fingers fit between the restraint and the patient's wrist
B. Tying the restraint to the side rail of the bed
C. Checking pulse and circulation every 15 minutes initially
D. Removing the restraint every 2 hours to assess skin
☑ correct answers: B. Tying the restraint to the side rail of the bed
Rationale: Restraints must be tied to the movable part of the bed frame (not the
side rail). Tying to the side rail can cause injury if the rail is lowered or moves. A,
C, and D are correct safety measures.
6. A nurse is educating a patient about fall prevention at home. Which
instruction is most important?
A. "Wear socks without grippers to slide easily."
B. "Use throw rugs to cover slippery floors."
C. "Install grab bars in the shower and beside the toilet."
D. "Keep the lights dim to save your night vision."
, ☑ correct answers: C. Install grab bars in the shower and beside the
toilet.
Rationale: Grab bars provide stability where falls are most common (bathroom).
Socks (A) should have grippers. Throw rugs (B) are a major tripping hazard. Lights
should be bright (D), not dim.
7. A nurse observes a small fire in a patient's trash can. What is the priority
action?
A. Pull the fire alarm
B. Use the fire extinguisher
C. Evacuate the patient
D. Close the patient's door
☑ correct answers: C. Evacuate the patient (R.A.C.E.)
Rationale: Recall R.A.C.E.: Rescue anyone in immediate danger, Alarm, Contain
(close doors), Extinguish. Saving the patient is always first.
8. A nurse is applying sterile gloves. The nurse picks up the first glove by the
cuff. After putting it on, the nurse picks up the second glove. Where should the
nurse grasp the second glove?
A. The outside of the cuff
B. The inside of the cuff (the folded edge)
C. Anywhere on the palm
D. The top of the fingers
☑ correct answers: B. The inside of the cuff (the folded edge)
Rationale: The first glove is applied touching only the inside of the cuff. For the
