NRNP 6552 – ADVANCED NURSE PRACTICE
IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH CARE
(QUARTER 7 (11-WEEK) EXAM BANK
Section I: Anatomy & Physiology (Questions 1–20)
1. Which structure produces estrogen and progesterone during the early luteal phase?
A) Corpus albicans
B) Graafian follicle
C) Corpus luteum
D) Theca interna
Answer: C
Rationale: After ovulation, the ruptured follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, which
secretes progesterone and estrogen to prepare the endometrium for implantation.
2. The layer of the uterus that sheds during menstruation is the:
A) Basalis
B) Functionalis
C) Myometrium
D) Perimetrium
Answer: B
Rationale: The functionalis layer responds to hormonal changes and sloughs off if no
pregnancy occurs. The basalis regenerates the functionalis each cycle.
3. Where does fertilization typically occur?
A) Uterine fundus
B) Cervical canal
C) Ampulla of the fallopian tube
D) Fimbriae
Answer: C
Rationale: The ampulla is the widest part of the fallopian tube and the usual site of sperm-
egg union.
,4. Which hormone triggers the LH surge?
A) Inhibin B
B) Progesterone
C) Estradiol
D) GnRH
Answer: C
Rationale: High sustained estradiol levels from the dominant follicle positively feedback to
the anterior pituitary, causing the LH surge.
5. Vaginal pH in a reproductive-age woman is normally:
A) 7.0–7.5
B) 4.0–4.5
C) 6.0–6.5
D) 8.0–8.5
Answer: B
Rationale: Lactobacilli produce lactic acid, maintaining an acidic pH (3.8–4.5) to prevent
pathogenic overgrowth.
6. The mesonephric (Wolffian) ducts develop into which male structures?
A) Uterus and fallopian tubes
B) Epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles
C) Prostate gland
D) Penile urethra
Answer: B
Rationale: Under the influence of anti-Müllerian hormone and testosterone, Wolffian ducts
differentiate into male reproductive ducts.
7. Which ligament contains the ovarian vessels and nerves?
A) Round ligament
B) Broad ligament
C) Suspensory ligament (infundibulopelvic)
D) Cardinal ligament
Answer: C
Rationale: The suspensory ligament extends from the ovary to the lateral pelvic wall and
carries the ovarian artery, vein, and nerve plexus.
8. The menstrual phase corresponds to which ovarian cycle stage?
A) Follicular phase
,B) Ovulation
C) Luteal phase
D) Early follicular phase
Answer: D
Rationale: Menstruation occurs during the early follicular phase when estrogen and
progesterone are at their lowest.
9. Prolactin synthesis occurs in the:
A) Hypothalamus
B) Anterior pituitary
C) Posterior pituitary
D) Placenta
Answer: B
Rationale: Lactotrophs in the anterior pituitary produce prolactin, which is tonically
inhibited by dopamine from the hypothalamus.
10. Which of the following is a primary oocyte arrested in prophase I?
A) Oogonium
B) Primary oocyte
C) Secondary oocyte
D) Ovum
Answer: B
Rationale: Primary oocytes form before birth and remain arrested in prophase I until
ovulation resumes meiosis.
11. The zona pellucida functions to:
A) Produce estrogen
B) Prevent polyspermy after fertilization
C) Nourish the granulosa cells
D) Anchor the follicle to the ovary
Answer: B
Rationale: The zona pellucida is a glycoprotein layer; after one sperm penetrates, it
hardens (zona reaction) to block additional sperm.
12. Menstrual cycle day 1 is defined as:
A) The day after ovulation
B) The first day of full menstrual flow
, C) The day LH peaks
D) The day estrogen peaks
Answer: B
Rationale: Clinical convention defines day 1 as the first day of full (not spotting) menstrual
bleeding.
13. Which cell type directly produces testosterone in the testes?
A) Sertoli cells
B) Spermatogonia
C) Leydig cells
D) Germ cells
Answer: C
Rationale: Leydig (interstitial) cells in the testes produce testosterone in response to LH.
14. The isthmus of the fallopian tube is the:
A) Fringed end near the ovary
B) Narrow portion adjacent to the uterine cornu
C) Widest middle portion
D) Intramural segment
Answer: B
Rationale: The isthmus is the narrow, thick-walled segment just before the tube enters the
uterus.
15. What is the role of inhibin B in the female cycle?
A) Stimulate FSH release
B) Inhibit FSH release
C) Stimulate LH surge
D) Maintain the corpus luteum
Answer: B
Rationale: Inhibin B is secreted by granulosa cells and selectively suppresses pituitary FSH
secretion.
16. The vaginal fornix is important clinically because:
A) It is the site of G-spot stimulation
B) It allows access to the cul-de-sac for aspiration or culdocentesis
C) It produces lubrication
D) It anchors the cervix
IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH CARE
(QUARTER 7 (11-WEEK) EXAM BANK
Section I: Anatomy & Physiology (Questions 1–20)
1. Which structure produces estrogen and progesterone during the early luteal phase?
A) Corpus albicans
B) Graafian follicle
C) Corpus luteum
D) Theca interna
Answer: C
Rationale: After ovulation, the ruptured follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, which
secretes progesterone and estrogen to prepare the endometrium for implantation.
2. The layer of the uterus that sheds during menstruation is the:
A) Basalis
B) Functionalis
C) Myometrium
D) Perimetrium
Answer: B
Rationale: The functionalis layer responds to hormonal changes and sloughs off if no
pregnancy occurs. The basalis regenerates the functionalis each cycle.
3. Where does fertilization typically occur?
A) Uterine fundus
B) Cervical canal
C) Ampulla of the fallopian tube
D) Fimbriae
Answer: C
Rationale: The ampulla is the widest part of the fallopian tube and the usual site of sperm-
egg union.
,4. Which hormone triggers the LH surge?
A) Inhibin B
B) Progesterone
C) Estradiol
D) GnRH
Answer: C
Rationale: High sustained estradiol levels from the dominant follicle positively feedback to
the anterior pituitary, causing the LH surge.
5. Vaginal pH in a reproductive-age woman is normally:
A) 7.0–7.5
B) 4.0–4.5
C) 6.0–6.5
D) 8.0–8.5
Answer: B
Rationale: Lactobacilli produce lactic acid, maintaining an acidic pH (3.8–4.5) to prevent
pathogenic overgrowth.
6. The mesonephric (Wolffian) ducts develop into which male structures?
A) Uterus and fallopian tubes
B) Epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles
C) Prostate gland
D) Penile urethra
Answer: B
Rationale: Under the influence of anti-Müllerian hormone and testosterone, Wolffian ducts
differentiate into male reproductive ducts.
7. Which ligament contains the ovarian vessels and nerves?
A) Round ligament
B) Broad ligament
C) Suspensory ligament (infundibulopelvic)
D) Cardinal ligament
Answer: C
Rationale: The suspensory ligament extends from the ovary to the lateral pelvic wall and
carries the ovarian artery, vein, and nerve plexus.
8. The menstrual phase corresponds to which ovarian cycle stage?
A) Follicular phase
,B) Ovulation
C) Luteal phase
D) Early follicular phase
Answer: D
Rationale: Menstruation occurs during the early follicular phase when estrogen and
progesterone are at their lowest.
9. Prolactin synthesis occurs in the:
A) Hypothalamus
B) Anterior pituitary
C) Posterior pituitary
D) Placenta
Answer: B
Rationale: Lactotrophs in the anterior pituitary produce prolactin, which is tonically
inhibited by dopamine from the hypothalamus.
10. Which of the following is a primary oocyte arrested in prophase I?
A) Oogonium
B) Primary oocyte
C) Secondary oocyte
D) Ovum
Answer: B
Rationale: Primary oocytes form before birth and remain arrested in prophase I until
ovulation resumes meiosis.
11. The zona pellucida functions to:
A) Produce estrogen
B) Prevent polyspermy after fertilization
C) Nourish the granulosa cells
D) Anchor the follicle to the ovary
Answer: B
Rationale: The zona pellucida is a glycoprotein layer; after one sperm penetrates, it
hardens (zona reaction) to block additional sperm.
12. Menstrual cycle day 1 is defined as:
A) The day after ovulation
B) The first day of full menstrual flow
, C) The day LH peaks
D) The day estrogen peaks
Answer: B
Rationale: Clinical convention defines day 1 as the first day of full (not spotting) menstrual
bleeding.
13. Which cell type directly produces testosterone in the testes?
A) Sertoli cells
B) Spermatogonia
C) Leydig cells
D) Germ cells
Answer: C
Rationale: Leydig (interstitial) cells in the testes produce testosterone in response to LH.
14. The isthmus of the fallopian tube is the:
A) Fringed end near the ovary
B) Narrow portion adjacent to the uterine cornu
C) Widest middle portion
D) Intramural segment
Answer: B
Rationale: The isthmus is the narrow, thick-walled segment just before the tube enters the
uterus.
15. What is the role of inhibin B in the female cycle?
A) Stimulate FSH release
B) Inhibit FSH release
C) Stimulate LH surge
D) Maintain the corpus luteum
Answer: B
Rationale: Inhibin B is secreted by granulosa cells and selectively suppresses pituitary FSH
secretion.
16. The vaginal fornix is important clinically because:
A) It is the site of G-spot stimulation
B) It allows access to the cul-de-sac for aspiration or culdocentesis
C) It produces lubrication
D) It anchors the cervix
