NURS 6052 – ESSENTIALS OF
EVIDENCE-BASED
PRACTICE (QUARTER 2, WEEK 11)
Instructions for each question:
Select the best answer. Rationales are provided in italics below each correct answer.
Section 1: PICOT & Asking Clinical Questions (Q 1–30)
1. A nurse asks: “In adults with type 2 diabetes, how does daily glucose monitoring
compared to no daily monitoring affect HbA1c levels over 6 months?” Which PICOT
element is “daily glucose monitoring”?
A. Population
B. Intervention
C. Comparison
D. Outcome
Correct answer: B – Intervention. The intervention is the main treatment or exposure being
tested (daily glucose monitoring).
2. In the PICOT question above, “adults with type 2 diabetes” represents:
A. Comparison
B. Population
C. Time
D. Outcome
Correct answer: B – Population. The population describes the patient or problem group of
interest.
,3. For a PICOT question on fall prevention, “time” would best be represented by:
A. “In hospitalized older adults”
B. “Hourly rounding”
C. “Standard rounding”
D. “During the first 30 days after admission”
Correct answer: D – “During the first 30 days after admission” specifies the time frame for
the outcome measurement.
4. A poorly built PICOT question might lead to:
A. Easier literature search
B. Irrelevant or no evidence found
C. Higher level evidence automatically
D. Decreased need for critical appraisal
Correct answer: B – Without a clear PICOT, searching is unfocused and often yields
irrelevant results.
5. Which PICOT element asks “Compared to what?”
A. Population
B. Intervention
C. Comparison
D. Outcome
Correct answer: C – Comparison (e.g., usual care, placebo, different intervention).
6. “In mechanically ventilated ICU patients (P), does the use of a weaning protocol (I)
compared to usual care (C) reduce duration of ventilation (O) within 14 days (T)?” The
outcome is:
A. Mechanically ventilated ICU patients
B. Weaning protocol
C. Usual care
D. Duration of ventilation
Correct answer: D – Outcome is the result measured (duration of ventilation).
,7. For a question about patient satisfaction with bedside shift report, which study design
is usually most appropriate?
A. RCT
B. Qualitative descriptive
C. Systematic review of RCTs
D. Case-control
Correct answer: B – Qualitative descriptive designs capture perceptions and satisfaction
well.
8. A PICOT that asks about “lived experience of chronic pain” is primarily a:
A. Therapy question
B. Prognosis question
C. Meaning question
D. Etiology question
Correct answer: C – Meaning questions explore experiences and perceptions.
9. Which database is most focused on answering PICOT questions for nursing?
A. PubMed
B. CINAHL
C. Google Scholar
D. ERIC
Correct answer: B – CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature).
10. “P” in PICOT can also include:
A. Problem or patient population
B. Only age group
C. Only disease name
D. Statistical test used
Correct answer: A – P stands for Patient, Population, or Problem.
11. A well-formatted PICOT for a quantitative intervention study should include:
A. Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Time
, B. Population, Interest, Context
C. Problem, Intervention, Cost, Outcome, Theory
D. Only Population and Outcome
Correct answer: A – PICOT includes all five elements.
12. You want to know if hand hygiene education reduces hospital-acquired infections.
The best comparison would be:
A. No education at all
B. Current standard hand hygiene practices
C. A different type of infection
D. Shorter education time
Correct answer: B – The comparison is the current standard practice to measure added
benefit.
13. Which is a prognosis PICOT question?
A. Does meditation reduce anxiety scores?
B. In patients with stroke, which factors predict recovery of ambulation at 6 months?
C. How do nurses perceive ethics rounds?
D. Is MRI better than CT for detecting liver metastases?
Correct answer: B – Prognosis questions focus on predicting future outcomes.
14. In PICOT, “T” stands for:
A. Treatment
B. Time
C. Type of study
D. Theory
Correct answer: B – Time indicates duration of follow-up or outcome measurement.
15. A question about “accuracy of the Braden Scale for predicting pressure injuries” is a:
A. Therapy question
B. Diagnosis/diagnostic test question
C. Harm/etiology question
EVIDENCE-BASED
PRACTICE (QUARTER 2, WEEK 11)
Instructions for each question:
Select the best answer. Rationales are provided in italics below each correct answer.
Section 1: PICOT & Asking Clinical Questions (Q 1–30)
1. A nurse asks: “In adults with type 2 diabetes, how does daily glucose monitoring
compared to no daily monitoring affect HbA1c levels over 6 months?” Which PICOT
element is “daily glucose monitoring”?
A. Population
B. Intervention
C. Comparison
D. Outcome
Correct answer: B – Intervention. The intervention is the main treatment or exposure being
tested (daily glucose monitoring).
2. In the PICOT question above, “adults with type 2 diabetes” represents:
A. Comparison
B. Population
C. Time
D. Outcome
Correct answer: B – Population. The population describes the patient or problem group of
interest.
,3. For a PICOT question on fall prevention, “time” would best be represented by:
A. “In hospitalized older adults”
B. “Hourly rounding”
C. “Standard rounding”
D. “During the first 30 days after admission”
Correct answer: D – “During the first 30 days after admission” specifies the time frame for
the outcome measurement.
4. A poorly built PICOT question might lead to:
A. Easier literature search
B. Irrelevant or no evidence found
C. Higher level evidence automatically
D. Decreased need for critical appraisal
Correct answer: B – Without a clear PICOT, searching is unfocused and often yields
irrelevant results.
5. Which PICOT element asks “Compared to what?”
A. Population
B. Intervention
C. Comparison
D. Outcome
Correct answer: C – Comparison (e.g., usual care, placebo, different intervention).
6. “In mechanically ventilated ICU patients (P), does the use of a weaning protocol (I)
compared to usual care (C) reduce duration of ventilation (O) within 14 days (T)?” The
outcome is:
A. Mechanically ventilated ICU patients
B. Weaning protocol
C. Usual care
D. Duration of ventilation
Correct answer: D – Outcome is the result measured (duration of ventilation).
,7. For a question about patient satisfaction with bedside shift report, which study design
is usually most appropriate?
A. RCT
B. Qualitative descriptive
C. Systematic review of RCTs
D. Case-control
Correct answer: B – Qualitative descriptive designs capture perceptions and satisfaction
well.
8. A PICOT that asks about “lived experience of chronic pain” is primarily a:
A. Therapy question
B. Prognosis question
C. Meaning question
D. Etiology question
Correct answer: C – Meaning questions explore experiences and perceptions.
9. Which database is most focused on answering PICOT questions for nursing?
A. PubMed
B. CINAHL
C. Google Scholar
D. ERIC
Correct answer: B – CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature).
10. “P” in PICOT can also include:
A. Problem or patient population
B. Only age group
C. Only disease name
D. Statistical test used
Correct answer: A – P stands for Patient, Population, or Problem.
11. A well-formatted PICOT for a quantitative intervention study should include:
A. Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Time
, B. Population, Interest, Context
C. Problem, Intervention, Cost, Outcome, Theory
D. Only Population and Outcome
Correct answer: A – PICOT includes all five elements.
12. You want to know if hand hygiene education reduces hospital-acquired infections.
The best comparison would be:
A. No education at all
B. Current standard hand hygiene practices
C. A different type of infection
D. Shorter education time
Correct answer: B – The comparison is the current standard practice to measure added
benefit.
13. Which is a prognosis PICOT question?
A. Does meditation reduce anxiety scores?
B. In patients with stroke, which factors predict recovery of ambulation at 6 months?
C. How do nurses perceive ethics rounds?
D. Is MRI better than CT for detecting liver metastases?
Correct answer: B – Prognosis questions focus on predicting future outcomes.
14. In PICOT, “T” stands for:
A. Treatment
B. Time
C. Type of study
D. Theory
Correct answer: B – Time indicates duration of follow-up or outcome measurement.
15. A question about “accuracy of the Braden Scale for predicting pressure injuries” is a:
A. Therapy question
B. Diagnosis/diagnostic test question
C. Harm/etiology question
