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What does the inflammatory response during degeneration of cartilage increase? -
ANSWERS-the breakdown of remaining healthy cartilage, leading to further
degeneration
Osteoarthritis symptoms: - ANSWERS-pain that is exacerbated with activity and better
with rest (early dz), stiffness, swelling, pain and stiffness worse in the morning (no more
than 30 min), pain worse with prolong inactivity or weather changes
Hip osteoarthritis symptoms: - ANSWERS-pain in low back and groin, limping and knee
pain from compensation
Knee osteoarthritis symptoms: - ANSWERS-locking, cracking, grinding, "give out"
feeling, increasing pain with ascending and descending stairs
Finger osteoarthritis symptoms: - ANSWERS-swelling, nodules, stiffness, difficulty
gripping
What are causes of secondary osteoarthritis? - ANSWERS-joint injury (fracture or
sprain), chronic stress, joint instability, nervous system disorders (ex. charcot
neuropathy), blood and endocrine disorders (diabetes, gout, thyroid disorders,
osteoarthritis, growth hormone disorders), medications (oral steroids, meds for gout),
inflammation (RA causing secondary osteoarthritis)
, What are diagnostic tests for osteoarthritis? - ANSWERS-blood work to eliminate other
disorders such as RA and to establish base line and possible secondary osteoarthritis
diseases, X-rays, possible MRI, evaluation of synovial fluid
What is the most common and cost-efficient diagnostic test for osteoarthritis? -
ANSWERS-x-ray
What would an x-ray show to diagnose osteoarthritis? - ANSWERS-joint space
narrowing, bone spurs, osteophytes
What does synovial fluid of osteoarthritis look like? - ANSWERS-straw colored, no more
than 2000 white blood cells, and synovial glucose should be equal to serum glucose
What are alternative treatments for osteoarthritis? - ANSWERS-glucosamine, SAM-e
oral, copper and magnetic bracelets, acupuncture, tai chi, pilates, yoga, herbs, and
supplements
What is glucosamine? - ANSWERS-helps to regenerate joint cartilage in osteoarthritis,
some studies support reduce of pain and inflammation
What is SAM-e oral? - ANSWERS-thought to reduce osteoarthritis pain, studies vary
What are copper and magnetic bracelets used for in osteoarthritis? - ANSWERS-
anecdotal reports only, studies don't support, no harmful effects
Cartilage is made of - ANSWERS-collagen and protein
Joint Cartilage is made of - ANSWERS-extracellular matrix and chondrocytes
Extracellular matrix contains primarily - ANSWERS-type 2, 4, and 6 collagens as well as
aggrecan proteoglycans