lOMoARcPSD|51648332
lOMoARcPSD| 51648332
NSG 318 EXAM 3
Introduction to Pharmacology - GCU
Actual Questions and Answers
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This Exam contains:
NSG 318 EXAM 3
100% Guarantee Pass.
Each Question Includes The Correct Answer
Expert-Verified explanation
, lOMoARcPSD| 51648332
318 Exam 3Study Guide
TOPIC 8/9
What are the MOA, indications, and adverse effects of drugs that affect cardiovascular
and hematologic systems?
- Cardiac Glycosides
o Digoxin
▪ Asses Apical pulse if administering
▪ Uses
● Heart failure, atrial fibrillation
▪ MOA
● Inhibits sodium-potassium ATPase, promoting increased
force of cardiac contraction, cardiac output, and tissue
perfusion
● Decreases ventricular rate
▪ Therapeutic Level
● For heart failure – 0.5 to 1 ng/mL
o Too low
▪ Not therapeutic
o Too High
▪ Digitalis Toxicity
● anorexia, diarrhea, nausea and
vomiting, bradycardia, premature
ventricular contractions, cardiac
dysrhythmias, headaches, malaise,
blurred vision, visual illusions (white,
green, or yellow halos around
objects), confusion, and delirium.
▪ Antidote
● Digoxin-immune Fab
o Binds to molecule to be
excreted in urine
o Combined with diuretics (causes Hypokalemia)
and increases effect of drug
● Side Effects:
o CNS effects, GI distress
o Blurred or yellow vision
● Adverse Effects:
o Bradycardia
● Life Threatening Effects:
o Cardiac dysrhythmias, thrombocytopenia
▪ CAMS
, ●
lOMoARcPSD| 51648332
Increased effects that can lead to
toxicity 1
o inseng, hawthorn, licorice & aloe (decreases
potassium levels), ephedra
● Decreased effects of digoxin
o St. John’s wort and psyllium (fiber supplement).
- Antianginal Drugs (Nitro, Beta Blocker, CA Channel Blockers)
o Nitroglycerin
▪ Uses
● To control angina, acute MI, hypertensive crisis, pulmonary
edema, and heart failure
● Vasodilator
▪ MOA
● Decreases myocardial demand for oxygen
▪ Side effects:
● CNS effects including headache, hypotension, flushing, rash
● Syncope, diaphoresis, GI distress
● Blurred vision, dry mouth
● Palpitations, peripheral edema, tolerance
▪ Adverse Reactions:
● Orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, paradoxical bradycardia
▪ Life Threatening:
● Circulatory collapse
, lOMoARcPSD| 51648332
o Beta Blockers
▪ Action
● Block beta1 and beta2 receptor sites
● Block the action of the catecholamines
● Epinephrine and norepinephrine
● Decrease workload of heart and oxygen demands
▪ Atenolol (Tenormin)
● Uses:
o HTN, angina, and prophylaxis and treatment of
acute myocardial infarction
● Mode of Action:
o Selectively block beta 1-adrenergic receptor
sites o Decreases sympathetic outflow to the
periphery o Suppresses renin-angiotensin-
aldosterone system
o Side Effects:
▪ CNS effects, depression
▪ GI distress, cool extremities
▪ Erectile dysfunction (impotence)
o Adverse Reactions:
▪ Bradycardia, hypotension, heart failure, dyspnea
o Life threatening:
▪ Bronchospasm, dysrhythmias, thrombocytopenia
lOMoARcPSD| 51648332
NSG 318 EXAM 3
Introduction to Pharmacology - GCU
Actual Questions and Answers
100% Guarantee Pass
This Exam contains:
NSG 318 EXAM 3
100% Guarantee Pass.
Each Question Includes The Correct Answer
Expert-Verified explanation
, lOMoARcPSD| 51648332
318 Exam 3Study Guide
TOPIC 8/9
What are the MOA, indications, and adverse effects of drugs that affect cardiovascular
and hematologic systems?
- Cardiac Glycosides
o Digoxin
▪ Asses Apical pulse if administering
▪ Uses
● Heart failure, atrial fibrillation
▪ MOA
● Inhibits sodium-potassium ATPase, promoting increased
force of cardiac contraction, cardiac output, and tissue
perfusion
● Decreases ventricular rate
▪ Therapeutic Level
● For heart failure – 0.5 to 1 ng/mL
o Too low
▪ Not therapeutic
o Too High
▪ Digitalis Toxicity
● anorexia, diarrhea, nausea and
vomiting, bradycardia, premature
ventricular contractions, cardiac
dysrhythmias, headaches, malaise,
blurred vision, visual illusions (white,
green, or yellow halos around
objects), confusion, and delirium.
▪ Antidote
● Digoxin-immune Fab
o Binds to molecule to be
excreted in urine
o Combined with diuretics (causes Hypokalemia)
and increases effect of drug
● Side Effects:
o CNS effects, GI distress
o Blurred or yellow vision
● Adverse Effects:
o Bradycardia
● Life Threatening Effects:
o Cardiac dysrhythmias, thrombocytopenia
▪ CAMS
, ●
lOMoARcPSD| 51648332
Increased effects that can lead to
toxicity 1
o inseng, hawthorn, licorice & aloe (decreases
potassium levels), ephedra
● Decreased effects of digoxin
o St. John’s wort and psyllium (fiber supplement).
- Antianginal Drugs (Nitro, Beta Blocker, CA Channel Blockers)
o Nitroglycerin
▪ Uses
● To control angina, acute MI, hypertensive crisis, pulmonary
edema, and heart failure
● Vasodilator
▪ MOA
● Decreases myocardial demand for oxygen
▪ Side effects:
● CNS effects including headache, hypotension, flushing, rash
● Syncope, diaphoresis, GI distress
● Blurred vision, dry mouth
● Palpitations, peripheral edema, tolerance
▪ Adverse Reactions:
● Orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, paradoxical bradycardia
▪ Life Threatening:
● Circulatory collapse
, lOMoARcPSD| 51648332
o Beta Blockers
▪ Action
● Block beta1 and beta2 receptor sites
● Block the action of the catecholamines
● Epinephrine and norepinephrine
● Decrease workload of heart and oxygen demands
▪ Atenolol (Tenormin)
● Uses:
o HTN, angina, and prophylaxis and treatment of
acute myocardial infarction
● Mode of Action:
o Selectively block beta 1-adrenergic receptor
sites o Decreases sympathetic outflow to the
periphery o Suppresses renin-angiotensin-
aldosterone system
o Side Effects:
▪ CNS effects, depression
▪ GI distress, cool extremities
▪ Erectile dysfunction (impotence)
o Adverse Reactions:
▪ Bradycardia, hypotension, heart failure, dyspnea
o Life threatening:
▪ Bronchospasm, dysrhythmias, thrombocytopenia
