NSG500 / NSG 500 EXAM 2
Advanced Health Assessment - Wilkes
Actual Questions and Answers
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This Exam contains:
100% Guarantee Pass.
Multiple-Choice (A–D), For Each Question.
Each Question Includes The Correct Answer
Expert-Verified explanation
,### 1. What is the normal RR to HR ratio?
Answer: 1:4
Explanation: The normal respiratory rate (RR) to heart rate (HR) ratio is approximately 1:4,
meaning for every breath, the heart typically beats four times. This ratio indicates general
health and lung function, as any significant deviations can imply underlying pathology.
---
### 2. How much should the lower border of the liver drop with deep breath?
Answer: 2-3 cm
Explanation: Upon deep inspiration, the diaphragm moves downwards, allowing the liver to
descend approximately 2 to 3 cm, which can be assessed during physical examination. This
movement gives insight into diaphragm functionality and liver mobility.
---
### 3. Distance a person is from chart for normal vision is what a normal person can see at 20
feet.
Answer: 20/20 vision
Explanation: The 20/20 vision standard denotes that a person can see clearly at 20 feet what
should normally be seen at that distance. This measurement helps in assessing visual acuity
during a comprehensive eye exam.
,---
### 4. What are abnormal breath sounds?
Answer: Crackles, Rhonchi, Wheezes, Friction Rub, Mediastinal crunch
Explanation: Abnormal breath sounds may indicate various underlying respiratory
conditions. Crackles suggest fluid in the alveoli, rhonchi indicate secretions in larger airways,
wheezes suggest narrowed airways (as in asthma), friction rub indicates pleural inflammation,
and mediastinal crunch is associated with pneumomediastinum.
---
### 5. What sound indicates COPD/Emphysema or restrictive lung disease?
Answer: Decreased diaphragmatic excursion
Explanation: In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or restrictive
lung disease, reduced diaphragm movement is noted due to impaired lung expansion, which
can be assessed during physical examination.
---
### 6. What are some abnormal findings of aging ears, nose, and throat?
Answer: Presbycusis, Conductive hearing loss
Explanation: Presbycusis refers to age-related hearing loss, characterized by a decrease in
high-frequency sounds. Conductive hearing loss can occur due to factors such as cerumen
impaction or changes in the ossicles, which are more prevalent with aging.
, ---
### 7. Abnormal findings of aging eyes.
Answer: Macular degeneration, Decreased accommodation, Cataracts
Explanation: Macular degeneration leads to loss of central vision, decreased accommodation
(presbyopia) occurs as the lens loses elasticity, and cataracts result from lens protein changes,
leading to decreased visual clarity.
---
### 8. What is macular degeneration?
Answer: Decreased central vision
Explanation: Macular degeneration is a degenerative condition affecting the macula, leading
to deterioration of central vision, which profoundly impacts daily activities such as reading
and driving.
---
### 9. How do you detect macular degeneration?
Answer: Use Amsler grid
Explanation: The Amsler grid is a simple visual test that helps detect alterations in central
vision and can identify the early signs of macular degeneration, such as wavy or distorted
lines.
Advanced Health Assessment - Wilkes
Actual Questions and Answers
100% Guarantee Pass
This Exam contains:
100% Guarantee Pass.
Multiple-Choice (A–D), For Each Question.
Each Question Includes The Correct Answer
Expert-Verified explanation
,### 1. What is the normal RR to HR ratio?
Answer: 1:4
Explanation: The normal respiratory rate (RR) to heart rate (HR) ratio is approximately 1:4,
meaning for every breath, the heart typically beats four times. This ratio indicates general
health and lung function, as any significant deviations can imply underlying pathology.
---
### 2. How much should the lower border of the liver drop with deep breath?
Answer: 2-3 cm
Explanation: Upon deep inspiration, the diaphragm moves downwards, allowing the liver to
descend approximately 2 to 3 cm, which can be assessed during physical examination. This
movement gives insight into diaphragm functionality and liver mobility.
---
### 3. Distance a person is from chart for normal vision is what a normal person can see at 20
feet.
Answer: 20/20 vision
Explanation: The 20/20 vision standard denotes that a person can see clearly at 20 feet what
should normally be seen at that distance. This measurement helps in assessing visual acuity
during a comprehensive eye exam.
,---
### 4. What are abnormal breath sounds?
Answer: Crackles, Rhonchi, Wheezes, Friction Rub, Mediastinal crunch
Explanation: Abnormal breath sounds may indicate various underlying respiratory
conditions. Crackles suggest fluid in the alveoli, rhonchi indicate secretions in larger airways,
wheezes suggest narrowed airways (as in asthma), friction rub indicates pleural inflammation,
and mediastinal crunch is associated with pneumomediastinum.
---
### 5. What sound indicates COPD/Emphysema or restrictive lung disease?
Answer: Decreased diaphragmatic excursion
Explanation: In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or restrictive
lung disease, reduced diaphragm movement is noted due to impaired lung expansion, which
can be assessed during physical examination.
---
### 6. What are some abnormal findings of aging ears, nose, and throat?
Answer: Presbycusis, Conductive hearing loss
Explanation: Presbycusis refers to age-related hearing loss, characterized by a decrease in
high-frequency sounds. Conductive hearing loss can occur due to factors such as cerumen
impaction or changes in the ossicles, which are more prevalent with aging.
, ---
### 7. Abnormal findings of aging eyes.
Answer: Macular degeneration, Decreased accommodation, Cataracts
Explanation: Macular degeneration leads to loss of central vision, decreased accommodation
(presbyopia) occurs as the lens loses elasticity, and cataracts result from lens protein changes,
leading to decreased visual clarity.
---
### 8. What is macular degeneration?
Answer: Decreased central vision
Explanation: Macular degeneration is a degenerative condition affecting the macula, leading
to deterioration of central vision, which profoundly impacts daily activities such as reading
and driving.
---
### 9. How do you detect macular degeneration?
Answer: Use Amsler grid
Explanation: The Amsler grid is a simple visual test that helps detect alterations in central
vision and can identify the early signs of macular degeneration, such as wavy or distorted
lines.
