ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1 EXAM
1 QUESTIONS & ELABORATED
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS UPDATED
VERSION
anatomy - Correct Answer ✔✔ study of structure and form; derived from Greek word
Anatome which means to cut apart or dissect; Anatomists study structure and form of
organims studying the relationships among parts of the body and the structure of
individual organs
physiology - Correct Answer ✔✔ the study of function of the body parts; physiologists
examine how organs and body systems function under normal circumstances as well as
how their functions are altered with medication or disease
branches of anatomy - Correct Answer ✔✔ microscopic- structures that cannot be
observed to the unaided eye
(cytology- study of body cells and their internal structure;
histology- study of tissues)
gross anatomy- structures that can be observed to the unaided eye,; macroscopic
(systemic anatomy- anatomy of each body system;
regional anatomy- examines all of the structures in a particular region of the body as a
complete unit)
embryology - Correct Answer ✔✔ discipline concerned with developmental changes
occuring from conception to birth
comparative A&P - Correct Answer ✔✔ examines similarities and differences of
anatomy and physiology of different species
pathophysiology - Correct Answer ✔✔ relationship between the functioning of an organ
system and disease or injury to that organ system
basic qualities of life - Correct Answer ✔✔ organization- each organism has a complex
structure and order
metabolism- the sum of all chemical reactions to occur within a body; anabolism
(smaller molecules form larger) and catabolism (larger molecules are broken down to
smaller)
growth and development- each organism assimilates materials from its environment and
often grows and develops
responsiveness- ability to sense and react to stimuli
, regulation- ability to adjust or direct internal bodily function in the face of environmental
changes- homeostasis- ability of an organism to maintain a consistent internal
environment
organization of the human body - Correct Answer ✔✔ chemical level- consists of atoms,
molecules, macromolecules, and organelles
cell level- consists of cells, made up of structures and molecules from chemical level
tissue level- made up of tissues which are made of cells
organ level- made up of organs made up of 2-3 tissue types that work together for
specific, complex functions
organ system level- organs that work together to coordinate activities and acheive a
common function
anterior - Correct Answer ✔✔ in front of
posterior - Correct Answer ✔✔ in back of
dorsal - Correct Answer ✔✔ on the backside of the human body
ventral - Correct Answer ✔✔ on the belly side of the human body
superior - Correct Answer ✔✔ closer to the head
inferior - Correct Answer ✔✔ closer to the feet
deep - Correct Answer ✔✔ on the inside
superficial - Correct Answer ✔✔ on the outside
homeostasis - Correct Answer ✔✔ refers to the ability of an organism to maintain a
consistent internal environment or "steady state"; for example if the body gets hot due to
external temperature, the body maintains a steady state by circulating more blood
toward the surface to facilitate heat loss; nervous system regulating blood pressure
when you get out of bed in the morning
receptor- detects changes in variable; either substance or process stimulus
control center - interprets input from the receptor and initiates change through the
effector; parathyroid hormone monitors calcium levels
effector- structure that brings about the change to alter the stimulus; muscles in the
lungs that bring air flow
positive feedback - Correct Answer ✔✔ set point-- what is normal
action occurs that reinforces the response; mother breast feeds baby: suckling causes
receptors to signal to hypothalamus to release oxytocin causing breast tissue to
produce milk
1 QUESTIONS & ELABORATED
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS UPDATED
VERSION
anatomy - Correct Answer ✔✔ study of structure and form; derived from Greek word
Anatome which means to cut apart or dissect; Anatomists study structure and form of
organims studying the relationships among parts of the body and the structure of
individual organs
physiology - Correct Answer ✔✔ the study of function of the body parts; physiologists
examine how organs and body systems function under normal circumstances as well as
how their functions are altered with medication or disease
branches of anatomy - Correct Answer ✔✔ microscopic- structures that cannot be
observed to the unaided eye
(cytology- study of body cells and their internal structure;
histology- study of tissues)
gross anatomy- structures that can be observed to the unaided eye,; macroscopic
(systemic anatomy- anatomy of each body system;
regional anatomy- examines all of the structures in a particular region of the body as a
complete unit)
embryology - Correct Answer ✔✔ discipline concerned with developmental changes
occuring from conception to birth
comparative A&P - Correct Answer ✔✔ examines similarities and differences of
anatomy and physiology of different species
pathophysiology - Correct Answer ✔✔ relationship between the functioning of an organ
system and disease or injury to that organ system
basic qualities of life - Correct Answer ✔✔ organization- each organism has a complex
structure and order
metabolism- the sum of all chemical reactions to occur within a body; anabolism
(smaller molecules form larger) and catabolism (larger molecules are broken down to
smaller)
growth and development- each organism assimilates materials from its environment and
often grows and develops
responsiveness- ability to sense and react to stimuli
, regulation- ability to adjust or direct internal bodily function in the face of environmental
changes- homeostasis- ability of an organism to maintain a consistent internal
environment
organization of the human body - Correct Answer ✔✔ chemical level- consists of atoms,
molecules, macromolecules, and organelles
cell level- consists of cells, made up of structures and molecules from chemical level
tissue level- made up of tissues which are made of cells
organ level- made up of organs made up of 2-3 tissue types that work together for
specific, complex functions
organ system level- organs that work together to coordinate activities and acheive a
common function
anterior - Correct Answer ✔✔ in front of
posterior - Correct Answer ✔✔ in back of
dorsal - Correct Answer ✔✔ on the backside of the human body
ventral - Correct Answer ✔✔ on the belly side of the human body
superior - Correct Answer ✔✔ closer to the head
inferior - Correct Answer ✔✔ closer to the feet
deep - Correct Answer ✔✔ on the inside
superficial - Correct Answer ✔✔ on the outside
homeostasis - Correct Answer ✔✔ refers to the ability of an organism to maintain a
consistent internal environment or "steady state"; for example if the body gets hot due to
external temperature, the body maintains a steady state by circulating more blood
toward the surface to facilitate heat loss; nervous system regulating blood pressure
when you get out of bed in the morning
receptor- detects changes in variable; either substance or process stimulus
control center - interprets input from the receptor and initiates change through the
effector; parathyroid hormone monitors calcium levels
effector- structure that brings about the change to alter the stimulus; muscles in the
lungs that bring air flow
positive feedback - Correct Answer ✔✔ set point-- what is normal
action occurs that reinforces the response; mother breast feeds baby: suckling causes
receptors to signal to hypothalamus to release oxytocin causing breast tissue to
produce milk
