ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1-
MIDTERM REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS
& ACCURATE COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
PASSED
CHAPTER 1:
ANATOMY - Correct Answer ✔✔ The study of the STRUCTURE of the body
PHYSIOLOGY - Correct Answer ✔✔ The study of the FUNCTION of the body - Greek
"relationship to nature"
PATHOLOGY - Correct Answer ✔✔ The study of Disease
LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION - Correct Answer ✔✔
Atom>Molecules>Cells>Tissues>Organs>Systems>Organisms
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE - Correct Answer ✔✔ METABOLISM - living organisms
use oxygen to release the energy stored in food (oxidative metabolism)
RESPONSIVENESS - living organisms respond to their environment
HOMEOSTASIS - living organisms remain within certain limits
ORGANIZATION - living organisms have varying degrees of organization (layers,
tissues, organs)
REPRODUCTION - living things have the ability to produce
GROWTH - living organisms will grow
Name the five (5) BODY CAVITIES - Correct Answer ✔✔ TWO MAIN CAVITIES -
DORSAL & VENTAL
DORSAL:
Cranial cavity
Spinal cavity
VENTRAL:
Thoracic cavity
Abdominal cavity
Pelvic cavity
PLANES OF THE BODY - Correct Answer ✔✔ FRONTAL (coronal) plane - divides the
body into anterior and posterior sections
SAGITTAL plane - divides the body into left and right sections
TRANSVERSE (horizontal) plane - dives the body into superior and interior sections
,Describe the ANATOMICAL POSITION and know the directional terms - Correct
Answer ✔✔ ANATOMICAL POSITION:
Body is upright
Standing erect
Head level, eyes forward chin level
Arms at sides, palms forward (thumbs lateral)
Feet flat, directed forward, shoulder width apart
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ SUPERIOR - a part
above another part
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ INFERIOR - a part is
below another part
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ ANTERIOR (ventral) -
means towards the front
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ POSTERIOR (dorsal)
- means towards the back
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ MEDIAL - an
imaginary midline dividing the body intoequal right and left halves
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ LATERAL - towards
the side, away from midline (ears are lateral to the yes)
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ PROXIMAL - a part
closer to a point of attachment to the trunk than another body part (elbow is proximal to
the wrist)
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ DISTAL - is the
opposite of proximal. It means a particular body part is farther from a point of
attachment to the trunk. (the fingers are distal to the wrist)
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ CRANIAL (cephalic)
and CAUDAL - Tail side
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ PRONE - Lying face
down
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ SUPINE - Face up
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ SUPERFICIAL - near
the surface (the epidermis is the superficial layer of the skin)
, Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ DEEP - more internal
parts (the dermis is the deep layer of the skin)
ANABOLISM - Correct Answer ✔✔ Metabolic building of simple compounds
into more complex substances needed by the body
ANATOMICAL POSITION - Correct Answer ✔✔ Body is upright
Standing erect
Head level, eyes forward chin level
Arms at sides, palms forward (thumbs lateral)
Feet flat, directed forward, shoulder width apart
ANATOMY - Correct Answer ✔✔ Study of body STRUCTURE
CATABOLISM - Correct Answer ✔✔ Metabolic breakdown of substances into simpler
substances; includes digestion of food and the oxidation of nutrient molecules for
energy
CELL - Correct Answer ✔✔ Basic unit of life
DISEASE - Correct Answer ✔✔ Illness; abnormal state in which part of or all of the
body does not function properly
EXTRACELLULAR FLUID - Correct Answer ✔✔ Fluid outside the cell
HOMEOSTASIS - Correct Answer ✔✔ State of balance within the body; maintenance of
body conditions within set limits
INTRACELLULAR FLUID - Correct Answer ✔✔ Fluid within the cell
METABOLISM - Correct Answer ✔✔ All the physical and chemical processes by which
an organism is maintained
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK - Correct Answer ✔✔ Self-regulating system in which the result
of an action reverses that action; a method for keeping body conditions within normal
range and maintaining homeostasis
ORGAN - Correct Answer ✔✔ Body part containing two or more tissues functioning
together for specific purposes
PATHOLOGY - Correct Answer ✔✔ Study of disease
PHYSIOLOGY - Correct Answer ✔✔ Study of FUNCTION of living organisms
SYSTEM - Correct Answer ✔✔ Group of organs functioning together for the same
general purposes
MIDTERM REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS
& ACCURATE COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
PASSED
CHAPTER 1:
ANATOMY - Correct Answer ✔✔ The study of the STRUCTURE of the body
PHYSIOLOGY - Correct Answer ✔✔ The study of the FUNCTION of the body - Greek
"relationship to nature"
PATHOLOGY - Correct Answer ✔✔ The study of Disease
LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION - Correct Answer ✔✔
Atom>Molecules>Cells>Tissues>Organs>Systems>Organisms
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE - Correct Answer ✔✔ METABOLISM - living organisms
use oxygen to release the energy stored in food (oxidative metabolism)
RESPONSIVENESS - living organisms respond to their environment
HOMEOSTASIS - living organisms remain within certain limits
ORGANIZATION - living organisms have varying degrees of organization (layers,
tissues, organs)
REPRODUCTION - living things have the ability to produce
GROWTH - living organisms will grow
Name the five (5) BODY CAVITIES - Correct Answer ✔✔ TWO MAIN CAVITIES -
DORSAL & VENTAL
DORSAL:
Cranial cavity
Spinal cavity
VENTRAL:
Thoracic cavity
Abdominal cavity
Pelvic cavity
PLANES OF THE BODY - Correct Answer ✔✔ FRONTAL (coronal) plane - divides the
body into anterior and posterior sections
SAGITTAL plane - divides the body into left and right sections
TRANSVERSE (horizontal) plane - dives the body into superior and interior sections
,Describe the ANATOMICAL POSITION and know the directional terms - Correct
Answer ✔✔ ANATOMICAL POSITION:
Body is upright
Standing erect
Head level, eyes forward chin level
Arms at sides, palms forward (thumbs lateral)
Feet flat, directed forward, shoulder width apart
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ SUPERIOR - a part
above another part
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ INFERIOR - a part is
below another part
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ ANTERIOR (ventral) -
means towards the front
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ POSTERIOR (dorsal)
- means towards the back
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ MEDIAL - an
imaginary midline dividing the body intoequal right and left halves
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ LATERAL - towards
the side, away from midline (ears are lateral to the yes)
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ PROXIMAL - a part
closer to a point of attachment to the trunk than another body part (elbow is proximal to
the wrist)
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ DISTAL - is the
opposite of proximal. It means a particular body part is farther from a point of
attachment to the trunk. (the fingers are distal to the wrist)
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ CRANIAL (cephalic)
and CAUDAL - Tail side
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ PRONE - Lying face
down
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ SUPINE - Face up
Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ SUPERFICIAL - near
the surface (the epidermis is the superficial layer of the skin)
, Directional terms - describe body directions - Correct Answer ✔✔ DEEP - more internal
parts (the dermis is the deep layer of the skin)
ANABOLISM - Correct Answer ✔✔ Metabolic building of simple compounds
into more complex substances needed by the body
ANATOMICAL POSITION - Correct Answer ✔✔ Body is upright
Standing erect
Head level, eyes forward chin level
Arms at sides, palms forward (thumbs lateral)
Feet flat, directed forward, shoulder width apart
ANATOMY - Correct Answer ✔✔ Study of body STRUCTURE
CATABOLISM - Correct Answer ✔✔ Metabolic breakdown of substances into simpler
substances; includes digestion of food and the oxidation of nutrient molecules for
energy
CELL - Correct Answer ✔✔ Basic unit of life
DISEASE - Correct Answer ✔✔ Illness; abnormal state in which part of or all of the
body does not function properly
EXTRACELLULAR FLUID - Correct Answer ✔✔ Fluid outside the cell
HOMEOSTASIS - Correct Answer ✔✔ State of balance within the body; maintenance of
body conditions within set limits
INTRACELLULAR FLUID - Correct Answer ✔✔ Fluid within the cell
METABOLISM - Correct Answer ✔✔ All the physical and chemical processes by which
an organism is maintained
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK - Correct Answer ✔✔ Self-regulating system in which the result
of an action reverses that action; a method for keeping body conditions within normal
range and maintaining homeostasis
ORGAN - Correct Answer ✔✔ Body part containing two or more tissues functioning
together for specific purposes
PATHOLOGY - Correct Answer ✔✔ Study of disease
PHYSIOLOGY - Correct Answer ✔✔ Study of FUNCTION of living organisms
SYSTEM - Correct Answer ✔✔ Group of organs functioning together for the same
general purposes
