MMSC 200 EXAM 2 TEST BANK 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
●● Functions of the Kidney.
Answer: -Filter wastes to form urine; about 200 quarts of blood are
filtered every day to form 2 quarts of urine
-Maintain proper balance of water, electrolytes (sodium, potassium), and
acids
●● Hormones of the Kidney.
Answer: erythropoietin and renin
●● How does the kidney produce urine?.
Answer: Blood enters the kidney through the left and right renal arteries
●● What filters blood?.
Answer: Glomerulus, this occurs by the blood Plasma passing through
●● Afferent vs Efferent arteriole.
Answer: afferent arteriole brings blood to the glomerulus and the
efferent arteriole takes blood away from the glomerulus.
,●● Bowman's capsule.
Answer: cup-shaped strucutre of the nephron which encloses the
glomerulus and which filtration takes place.
●● Four steps of urine production.
Answer: 1. Glomerular Filtration
2. Tubular Reabsorption
3. Tubular Secretion
4. Water Reabsorption
●● nephron.
Answer: Glomerulus and the renal tubule form a nephron. There are 1.2
million in each kidney.
●● Parts of the nephron.
Answer:
●● parenchyma.
Answer: functional part of an organ
●● calyces.
Answer: cup-like structures that funnel urine towards the renal pelvis
,●● renal calices.
Answer: Part of collecting system that encompasses apex of renal
pyramids
●● How does the kidney produce urine.
Answer: By filtration of the blood and selective reabsorption of useful
substances such as glucose, some ions and water
●● Organs in the male urinary system.
Answer: kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra
Prostate
●● Organs of female urinary system.
Answer: kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra, vagina
Uterus
●● Erythropoietin.
Answer: stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow
●● Renin.
, Answer: hormone secreted by the kidney; it raises blood pressure by
influencing vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels)
●● Angiotensin II.
Answer: stimulates aldosterone secretion
●● Aldosterone from the adrenal gland.
Answer: - controls salt and water balance
- regulated by the RAAS system
- can reabsorb water and/ or sodium into the blood
●● juxtaglomerular apparatus.
Answer: Specialized cells next to the glomerulus that help to regulate
blood pressure. Synthesizes and stores renin
●● antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
Answer: - if blood osmolarity is above the normal range, ADH is
secreted from the pituitary glad
- Increased the permeability of the collecting duct, more water can be
reclaimed by the bloodstream
- Urine output is decreased
●● Diabetese Insipidus.
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
●● Functions of the Kidney.
Answer: -Filter wastes to form urine; about 200 quarts of blood are
filtered every day to form 2 quarts of urine
-Maintain proper balance of water, electrolytes (sodium, potassium), and
acids
●● Hormones of the Kidney.
Answer: erythropoietin and renin
●● How does the kidney produce urine?.
Answer: Blood enters the kidney through the left and right renal arteries
●● What filters blood?.
Answer: Glomerulus, this occurs by the blood Plasma passing through
●● Afferent vs Efferent arteriole.
Answer: afferent arteriole brings blood to the glomerulus and the
efferent arteriole takes blood away from the glomerulus.
,●● Bowman's capsule.
Answer: cup-shaped strucutre of the nephron which encloses the
glomerulus and which filtration takes place.
●● Four steps of urine production.
Answer: 1. Glomerular Filtration
2. Tubular Reabsorption
3. Tubular Secretion
4. Water Reabsorption
●● nephron.
Answer: Glomerulus and the renal tubule form a nephron. There are 1.2
million in each kidney.
●● Parts of the nephron.
Answer:
●● parenchyma.
Answer: functional part of an organ
●● calyces.
Answer: cup-like structures that funnel urine towards the renal pelvis
,●● renal calices.
Answer: Part of collecting system that encompasses apex of renal
pyramids
●● How does the kidney produce urine.
Answer: By filtration of the blood and selective reabsorption of useful
substances such as glucose, some ions and water
●● Organs in the male urinary system.
Answer: kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra
Prostate
●● Organs of female urinary system.
Answer: kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra, vagina
Uterus
●● Erythropoietin.
Answer: stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow
●● Renin.
, Answer: hormone secreted by the kidney; it raises blood pressure by
influencing vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels)
●● Angiotensin II.
Answer: stimulates aldosterone secretion
●● Aldosterone from the adrenal gland.
Answer: - controls salt and water balance
- regulated by the RAAS system
- can reabsorb water and/ or sodium into the blood
●● juxtaglomerular apparatus.
Answer: Specialized cells next to the glomerulus that help to regulate
blood pressure. Synthesizes and stores renin
●● antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
Answer: - if blood osmolarity is above the normal range, ADH is
secreted from the pituitary glad
- Increased the permeability of the collecting duct, more water can be
reclaimed by the bloodstream
- Urine output is decreased
●● Diabetese Insipidus.
