NR 545 EXAM 2 COMPREHENSIVE STUDY
GUIDE 2026 FULL ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ Which technique assesses cranial nerve XI (Accessory) function?
A) Testing shoulder shrug strength
B) Checking eye movement
C) Evaluating gag reflex
D) Testing hearing. Answer: A) Testing shoulder shrug strength
Rationale: Shoulder shrug resistance tests CN XI, which innervates the
trapezius.
⩥ What is the initial management for a patient with a suspected tension
pneumothorax?
A) Needle decompression
B) Chest X-ray
C) Oxygen therapy
D) Antibiotics. Answer: A) Needle decompression
Rationale: Needle decompression is the emergency treatment for tension
pneumothorax.
⩥ Which medication is used to treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal
women?
A) Alendronate
,B) Hydrochlorothiazide
C) Metformin
D) Atorvastatin. Answer: A) Alendronate
Rationale: Alendronate, a bisphosphonate, is first-line for osteoporosis.
⩥ What is the target systolic blood pressure for a patient over 60 years
with hypertension?
A) <120 mmHg
B) <130 mmHg
C) <140 mmHg
D) <150 mmHg. Answer: D) <150 mmHg
Rationale: A target <150/90 mmHg is recommended for adults ≥60 years
per JNC 8
guidelines
⩥ Which finding on abdominal exam suggests diverticulitis?
A) Rebound tenderness
B) Left lower quadrant tenderness
C) Normal bowel sounds
D) Tympany. Answer: B) Left lower quadrant tenderness
Rationale: Tenderness in the left lower quadrant is typical of
diverticulitis.
, ⩥ What is the first-line treatment for a patient with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD)
exacerbation?
A) Inhaled corticosteroid
B) Short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) and anticholinergic
C) Long-acting beta-agonist (LABA)
D) Oral antibiotic. Answer: B) Short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) and
anticholinergic
Rationale: SABA and anticholinergic (e.g., ipratropium) are first-line for
COPD exacerbation
⩥ Which lab test is most useful for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis?
A) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
B) Rheumatoid factor (RF)
C) C-reactive protein (CRP)
D) Antinuclear antibody (ANA). Answer: B) Rheumatoid factor (RF)
Rationale: RF is a key diagnostic marker, though not specific alone.
⩥ What is the initial treatment for a patient with suspected bacterial
meningitis?
A) Ceftriaxone and vancomycin
B) Penicillin
C) Acyclovir
GUIDE 2026 FULL ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ Which technique assesses cranial nerve XI (Accessory) function?
A) Testing shoulder shrug strength
B) Checking eye movement
C) Evaluating gag reflex
D) Testing hearing. Answer: A) Testing shoulder shrug strength
Rationale: Shoulder shrug resistance tests CN XI, which innervates the
trapezius.
⩥ What is the initial management for a patient with a suspected tension
pneumothorax?
A) Needle decompression
B) Chest X-ray
C) Oxygen therapy
D) Antibiotics. Answer: A) Needle decompression
Rationale: Needle decompression is the emergency treatment for tension
pneumothorax.
⩥ Which medication is used to treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal
women?
A) Alendronate
,B) Hydrochlorothiazide
C) Metformin
D) Atorvastatin. Answer: A) Alendronate
Rationale: Alendronate, a bisphosphonate, is first-line for osteoporosis.
⩥ What is the target systolic blood pressure for a patient over 60 years
with hypertension?
A) <120 mmHg
B) <130 mmHg
C) <140 mmHg
D) <150 mmHg. Answer: D) <150 mmHg
Rationale: A target <150/90 mmHg is recommended for adults ≥60 years
per JNC 8
guidelines
⩥ Which finding on abdominal exam suggests diverticulitis?
A) Rebound tenderness
B) Left lower quadrant tenderness
C) Normal bowel sounds
D) Tympany. Answer: B) Left lower quadrant tenderness
Rationale: Tenderness in the left lower quadrant is typical of
diverticulitis.
, ⩥ What is the first-line treatment for a patient with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD)
exacerbation?
A) Inhaled corticosteroid
B) Short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) and anticholinergic
C) Long-acting beta-agonist (LABA)
D) Oral antibiotic. Answer: B) Short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) and
anticholinergic
Rationale: SABA and anticholinergic (e.g., ipratropium) are first-line for
COPD exacerbation
⩥ Which lab test is most useful for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis?
A) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
B) Rheumatoid factor (RF)
C) C-reactive protein (CRP)
D) Antinuclear antibody (ANA). Answer: B) Rheumatoid factor (RF)
Rationale: RF is a key diagnostic marker, though not specific alone.
⩥ What is the initial treatment for a patient with suspected bacterial
meningitis?
A) Ceftriaxone and vancomycin
B) Penicillin
C) Acyclovir
