Critical Care 808 Exam 1 Study Set | QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
Save
Terms in this set (273)
NIAAA (National Institute of Alcohol - Men: No more than 4 drinks per day and 14 drinks
Abuse and Alcoholism) alcohol limits per week
by gender - Women and age >65: No more than 3 drinks per
day and 7 drinks per week
What is a "standard drink" - beer, malt - 12 fl oz beer
liquor, table wine and shot - 8-9 fl oz malt liquor
- 5 fl oz table wine
- 1.5 fl oz shot of distilled spirits (gin, rum, tequila,
vodka etc)
Definition of binge drinking: 5 or more alcoholic drinks for males or 4 or more
alcoholic drinks for females on the same occasion
on at least 1 day in the past month
What age category has the highest 18-25
rates of binge drinking?
What is the definition of heavy Binge drinking on 5 or more days in the past 30
alcohol use? days
,What age category has the highest 18-25 years old
rates of binge drinking? AUD?
Definition of AUD - A problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to
clinically significant impairment or distress
- Chronic relapsing brain disease characterized by
compulsive alcohol use, loss of control of alcohol
intake, and a negative emotional state when not
using
What test do we use to help DSM-5
diagnose AUD? *2+ symptoms in a 12 month period is a diagnosis of
AUD
2-3 symptoms: mild
4-5 symptoms: moderate
6+ symptoms: severe
Incidence of AWS in hospitalized - up to 25% of hospitalized patients with AUD
patients develop AWS
- If admitted for AWS, 33% require ICU admission to
manage symptoms (respiratory failure due to heavy
sedation - most common, delirium tremors - DTs,
infection, cirrhosis, GI bleeding)
Causes of mortality in AWS Arrhythmias, complicating illness (cirrhosis,
pneumonia, seizures), DTs, hyperthermia
What percentage of patients that 44% - result of alcohol use after discharge
survive AWS are re-hospitalized or
experience death within a year?
, Complications of being admitted to - increased ICU length of stay (up to 9 days longer
the ICU with AWS: in some populations)
- increased duration of mechanical ventilation
- increased costs
- increased mortality (2-4x higher)
Diagnosis of alcohol withdrawal: 1) Cessation of OR reduction in alcohol intake,
which has been prolonged and heavy AND
2) Has at least 2 symptoms of withdrawal (DSM-5)
beginning a few hours or days after stopping or
reducing alcohol intake - these symptoms much
cause significant distress or impairment in areas of
functioning and cannot be due to general medical
conditions or other mental disorders (including
withdrawal or intoxication of another substance)
Example DSM-V Symptoms - Autonomic hyperactivity (sweating, pulse > 100
bpm)
- Increased hand tremors
- Insomnia
- Nausea/vomiting
- Transient visual, tactile or auditory hallucinations
or illusions
- Psychomotor agitation
- Anxiety
- Seizures (generalized tonic-clonic)
Pathophysiology of alcohol - disruption of homeostasis between inhibitory and
withdrawal: excitatory actions in the CNS
- Acute exposure to alcohol enhances inhibitor
actions of GABAA receptor complex (increased
release of GABA NT and enhanced sensitivity of
GABAA receptor subtypes)
- Inhibits excitatory effects of glutamate on NMDA
receptors
AND ANSWERS
Save
Terms in this set (273)
NIAAA (National Institute of Alcohol - Men: No more than 4 drinks per day and 14 drinks
Abuse and Alcoholism) alcohol limits per week
by gender - Women and age >65: No more than 3 drinks per
day and 7 drinks per week
What is a "standard drink" - beer, malt - 12 fl oz beer
liquor, table wine and shot - 8-9 fl oz malt liquor
- 5 fl oz table wine
- 1.5 fl oz shot of distilled spirits (gin, rum, tequila,
vodka etc)
Definition of binge drinking: 5 or more alcoholic drinks for males or 4 or more
alcoholic drinks for females on the same occasion
on at least 1 day in the past month
What age category has the highest 18-25
rates of binge drinking?
What is the definition of heavy Binge drinking on 5 or more days in the past 30
alcohol use? days
,What age category has the highest 18-25 years old
rates of binge drinking? AUD?
Definition of AUD - A problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to
clinically significant impairment or distress
- Chronic relapsing brain disease characterized by
compulsive alcohol use, loss of control of alcohol
intake, and a negative emotional state when not
using
What test do we use to help DSM-5
diagnose AUD? *2+ symptoms in a 12 month period is a diagnosis of
AUD
2-3 symptoms: mild
4-5 symptoms: moderate
6+ symptoms: severe
Incidence of AWS in hospitalized - up to 25% of hospitalized patients with AUD
patients develop AWS
- If admitted for AWS, 33% require ICU admission to
manage symptoms (respiratory failure due to heavy
sedation - most common, delirium tremors - DTs,
infection, cirrhosis, GI bleeding)
Causes of mortality in AWS Arrhythmias, complicating illness (cirrhosis,
pneumonia, seizures), DTs, hyperthermia
What percentage of patients that 44% - result of alcohol use after discharge
survive AWS are re-hospitalized or
experience death within a year?
, Complications of being admitted to - increased ICU length of stay (up to 9 days longer
the ICU with AWS: in some populations)
- increased duration of mechanical ventilation
- increased costs
- increased mortality (2-4x higher)
Diagnosis of alcohol withdrawal: 1) Cessation of OR reduction in alcohol intake,
which has been prolonged and heavy AND
2) Has at least 2 symptoms of withdrawal (DSM-5)
beginning a few hours or days after stopping or
reducing alcohol intake - these symptoms much
cause significant distress or impairment in areas of
functioning and cannot be due to general medical
conditions or other mental disorders (including
withdrawal or intoxication of another substance)
Example DSM-V Symptoms - Autonomic hyperactivity (sweating, pulse > 100
bpm)
- Increased hand tremors
- Insomnia
- Nausea/vomiting
- Transient visual, tactile or auditory hallucinations
or illusions
- Psychomotor agitation
- Anxiety
- Seizures (generalized tonic-clonic)
Pathophysiology of alcohol - disruption of homeostasis between inhibitory and
withdrawal: excitatory actions in the CNS
- Acute exposure to alcohol enhances inhibitor
actions of GABAA receptor complex (increased
release of GABA NT and enhanced sensitivity of
GABAA receptor subtypes)
- Inhibits excitatory effects of glutamate on NMDA
receptors
