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You are called to the emergency department to help care for a patient
who was in a vehicle accident and has chest injuries including broken
ribs. Crepitations are felt while palpitating the patient's neck. What is
most likely the cause of this?
The patient's lung has an air leak
A forced expiratory measurement obtained after the administration of
a bronchodilator shows an increase in FEV1 from 60% to 80% of
predicted. This indicates a:
Reversible airway obstruction
During capnography monitoring of a mechanically ventilated patient,
you note that the end-tidal PCO2 (PetCO2) has dropped to 0 mm Hg.
This finding may indicate:
complete airway obstruction
An unconscious apneic patient with a full stomach cannot be orally
intubated in the emergency room. Which of the following would you
recommend be?
inserting an esophageal-tracheal combi tube
While establishing initial ventilatory support settings for a new
patient, the most important consideration is the:
,patients size and clinical condition
A male patient has a lower than normal mixed venous O2 content.
Which of the following is the most likely cause of this condition?
Fever (hyperthermia)
You are trying to wean an alert intubated patient off full ventilatory
support using the CPAP protocol with 40% O2. Early in the initial
effort her respiratory rate increases from 24 to 30/min and you start to
observe some use of her accessory muscles while breathing. Which
of the following would be your first action at this time?
apply 5-10 cm H20 pressure support
What is the approximate duration of flow of an oxygen E-cylinder at
1000 psi running at 4 L/min?
70 minutes
While using a Yank Auer device to suction an adult patient, you are
unable to remove thick secretions. The regulator attached to the
oropharyngeal suctioning device displays a reading of -70 mm Hg.
Which of the following actions should you take at this time?
increase the suction pressure to -120 mm Hg
While setting up a 12-lead EKG on a patient, you are unable obtain
any electrical signal. The batteries are fully charged and the device
was able to power-on. The most likely cause of this problem is which
of the following?
a missing lead
Which of the following imaging procedures is used to evaluate the
arteries for abnormalities such as aneurysm, atherosclerosis,
embolism, occlusion, stenosis, thrombosis, trauma, or vasculitis?
angiography
You obtain an expired carbon monoxide (CO) reading of 18 ppm on a
COPD patient participating in a pulmonary rehabilitation program.
Based on this finding, you can conclude that the patient:
has smoked within the prior 12-24 hours
, While monitoring a patient during a spontaneous breathing trial,
which of the following observations would cause you to stop the trial
and return the patient to ventilatory support?
decrease in O2 saturation from 91% to 82%
Your patient is receiving volume control A/C ventilation. She has
become increasingly agitated and the end-tidal CO2 has decreased
from 38 to 27 torr over the last 3 hours. Which of the following is most
likely the cause?
increased ventilation
A normal vital capacity for a female patient who is five feet three
inches tall and weighs fifty kilograms would be approximately:
3500 mL
An asthmatic patient is struggling to initiate inspiration on a ventilator
operating in the assist-control mode. Which of the following ventilator
settings would you first check in order to resolve of this problem?
the sensitivity
On inspection of a patient's EKG strip, you note that there are no
identifiable P waves; rapid irregular undulations of the isoelectric line;
and an irregular ventricular rhythm. In addition, the precordial cardiac
rate is greater than the peripheral pulse rate. What is the most likely
problem?
atrial fibrillation
Which of the following is the best bedside measurement for
assessing the integrated function of the respiratory muscles and
mechanical properties of the lungs and thorax?
Vital Capacity (VC)
While inspecting an EKG rhythm strip from an adult patient, you note
the following: rate of 148; regular rhythm; normal P waves, P-R
intervals, and QRS complexes. What is most likely the problem?
Sinus Tachycardia
Which of the following is a prerequisite for discharging a ventilator-
dependent patient to the homecare setting?