NR 293 Pharmacology (ATI-Based) Final Exam Practice Questions 2026
|Chamberlain College
1. A nurse is preparing to administer an oral medication to a client. Which of the
following pharmacokinetic processes is most affected by the first-pass effect?
A. Metabolism
B. Distribution
C. Excretion
D. Absorption
Answer: A
Rationale: The first-pass effect refers to the process where the concentration of a drug is
greatly reduced before it reaches the systemic circulation, primarily through metabolism in
the liver.
2. A nurse is caring for a client with a new prescription for Digoxin. Which of the
following signs should the nurse monitor for as an early indicator of Digoxin
toxicity?
A. Hypertension
B. Anorexia and nausea
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Rapid heart rate
Answer: B
Rationale: Gastrointestinal symptoms such as anorexia, nausea, and vomiting are often the
earliest signs of digoxin toxicity, followed by visual disturbances and arrhythmias.
,3. A client is receiving Heparin therapy. Which of the following laboratory values
should the nurse monitor to evaluate the effectiveness of the medication?
A. Prothrombin time (PT)
B. International Normalized Ratio (INR)
C. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
D. Platelet count
Answer: C
Rationale: aPTT is the standard test used to monitor the effectiveness of heparin therapy.
PT and INR are used for warfarin.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about a new prescription for Albuterol. Which of
the following should the nurse include as the primary therapeutic effect?
A. Reduced airway inflammation
B. Thinning of secretions
C. Suppression of cough
D. Bronchodilation
Answer: D
Rationale: Albuterol is a beta2-adrenergic agonist that acts primarily by stimulating beta2
receptors in the lungs, leading to rapid bronchodilation.
5. Which of the following medications is the antidote for an overdose of
Warfarin?
A. Protamine sulfate
B. Naloxone
C. Vitamin K
D. Acetylcysteine
Answer: C
Rationale: Vitamin K is the antagonist used to reverse the effects of warfarin. Protamine
sulfate is for heparin, naloxone for opioids, and acetylcysteine for acetaminophen.
, 6. A nurse is caring for a client taking Captopril for hypertension. The nurse
should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
A. Dry cough
B. Hypokalemia
C. Tachycardia
D. Weight gain
Answer: A
Rationale: ACE inhibitors like captopril are known for causing a persistent, dry,
nonproductive cough due to the accumulation of bradykinin.
7. A client is prescribed Furosemide. Which of the following food choices should
the nurse encourage the client to consume?
A. White bread
B. Cheese
C. Canned soup
D. Bananas
Answer: D
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium loss. Consuming
potassium-rich foods like bananas helps prevent hypokalemia.
8. A nurse is monitoring a client receiving Magnesium Sulfate IV for
preeclampsia. Which of the following findings indicates toxicity?
A. Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes
B. Increased urine output
C. Blood pressure of 150/90 mmHg
D. Respiratory rate of 10/min
Answer: D
Rationale: Signs of magnesium toxicity include a respiratory rate less than 12/min, absent
deep tendon reflexes, and decreased urine output.
|Chamberlain College
1. A nurse is preparing to administer an oral medication to a client. Which of the
following pharmacokinetic processes is most affected by the first-pass effect?
A. Metabolism
B. Distribution
C. Excretion
D. Absorption
Answer: A
Rationale: The first-pass effect refers to the process where the concentration of a drug is
greatly reduced before it reaches the systemic circulation, primarily through metabolism in
the liver.
2. A nurse is caring for a client with a new prescription for Digoxin. Which of the
following signs should the nurse monitor for as an early indicator of Digoxin
toxicity?
A. Hypertension
B. Anorexia and nausea
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Rapid heart rate
Answer: B
Rationale: Gastrointestinal symptoms such as anorexia, nausea, and vomiting are often the
earliest signs of digoxin toxicity, followed by visual disturbances and arrhythmias.
,3. A client is receiving Heparin therapy. Which of the following laboratory values
should the nurse monitor to evaluate the effectiveness of the medication?
A. Prothrombin time (PT)
B. International Normalized Ratio (INR)
C. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
D. Platelet count
Answer: C
Rationale: aPTT is the standard test used to monitor the effectiveness of heparin therapy.
PT and INR are used for warfarin.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about a new prescription for Albuterol. Which of
the following should the nurse include as the primary therapeutic effect?
A. Reduced airway inflammation
B. Thinning of secretions
C. Suppression of cough
D. Bronchodilation
Answer: D
Rationale: Albuterol is a beta2-adrenergic agonist that acts primarily by stimulating beta2
receptors in the lungs, leading to rapid bronchodilation.
5. Which of the following medications is the antidote for an overdose of
Warfarin?
A. Protamine sulfate
B. Naloxone
C. Vitamin K
D. Acetylcysteine
Answer: C
Rationale: Vitamin K is the antagonist used to reverse the effects of warfarin. Protamine
sulfate is for heparin, naloxone for opioids, and acetylcysteine for acetaminophen.
, 6. A nurse is caring for a client taking Captopril for hypertension. The nurse
should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
A. Dry cough
B. Hypokalemia
C. Tachycardia
D. Weight gain
Answer: A
Rationale: ACE inhibitors like captopril are known for causing a persistent, dry,
nonproductive cough due to the accumulation of bradykinin.
7. A client is prescribed Furosemide. Which of the following food choices should
the nurse encourage the client to consume?
A. White bread
B. Cheese
C. Canned soup
D. Bananas
Answer: D
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium loss. Consuming
potassium-rich foods like bananas helps prevent hypokalemia.
8. A nurse is monitoring a client receiving Magnesium Sulfate IV for
preeclampsia. Which of the following findings indicates toxicity?
A. Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes
B. Increased urine output
C. Blood pressure of 150/90 mmHg
D. Respiratory rate of 10/min
Answer: D
Rationale: Signs of magnesium toxicity include a respiratory rate less than 12/min, absent
deep tendon reflexes, and decreased urine output.
