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Review stages of pregnancy, signs of pregnancy, physical and psychological
changes, prenatal tests, and complications. (115 cards)
1
Q
What are normal breast changes in pregnancy?
A
1. growth of milk ducts
2. development of mammory glands
3. larger and dark areola
4. visible blood vessels
5. stretch marks
2
Q
Which 2 hormones are responsible for breast changes during pregnancy?
A
Estrogen and Progesterone
3
Q
How many weeks is the first trimester of pregnancy?
A
Week 1 to week 13.
4
Q
,At how many weeks is the second trimester of pregnancy?
A
Week 14 to week 27.
5
Q
At how many weeks is the third trimester of pregnancy?
A
Week 28 to week 40.
6
Q
At what week of gestation can the sex of the fetus be determined?
A
At week 12 by ultrasound.
7
Q
What is the normal 1st trimester fetal heart rate?
A
160 - 170 beats per minute
8
Q
What is the normal heart rate of a fetus by the end of the 3rd trimester?
A
110 - 160 beats per minute
9
Q
What are some risk factors for a difficult pregnancy or loss of the fetus?
A
age: less than 20 years old or older than 35 years old
, obesity
abuse and violence
diabetes or cardiac disorders
drugs/smoking/alcohol
medications
10
Q
How often are prenatal visits?
A
every 4 weeks from confirmation of pregnancy until end of 2nd trimester
every 3 weeks from 28 to 36 weeks (starting at 3rd trimester)
then weekly until delivery
11
Q
What are the general assessments for every prenatal visit?
A
1. pregnant woman assessment:
1. blood pressure
2. weight
3. urine screening for proteins (pre-eclampsia)
2. fetus assessment:
0. fundal height (of woman)
1. fetal ultrasound for heart tones and growth
12
Q
What is Nagele’s rule?