Grade A+ | 2026 Latest Study Guide
• In normal language development, at what age would you see the beginning of
grammar formation?
A. 12-18 months
B. 12-24 months
C. 24-36 months
D. 36-54 months -✓✓C. 24-36 months (2-3 years)
• At what age do the emotional skills of shame, pride, envy, and embarrassment appear
in healthy emotional development?
A. 5-10 years
B. 3-5 years
C. 1-2 years
D. 6 months -✓✓B. 3-5 years
• Characteristics of OSA include:
A. Excessive sleepiness & restless sleep
B. Waking with choking/gasping for breath
C. Snoring and obesity
D. All of the above -✓✓D. All of the above
• What section of the brain regulates human emotional drive?
A. Brain stem
B. Frontal cortex
C. Amygdala
D. Hippocampus -✓✓C. Amygdala
Brain stem = Basic life functions (breathing, heart rate, arousal)
Frontal cortex = Decision making, planning, social behavior
Amygdala = Regulates emotions (fear, anger, pleasure)
Hippocampus = Memory formation, spatial navigation
• Select the 2 complications in diagnosing patients with anorexia nervosa:
A. Determining occurrence of substance abuse
B. Denial of symptoms
C. Insisting weight loss has a medical cause
D. Secrecy regarding eating ritual -✓✓B. Denial of symptoms & D. Secrecy regarding
eating ritual
,• Select the age in which rumination disorder (food swallowed but not digested, is
regurgiated) occurs most frequently.
A. Male infants 3 - 12 months
B. Female infants 6 - 18 months
C. Children 2 - 5 years
D. Adolescents 13 - 15 years -✓✓A. Male infants 3 - 12 months
Rumination disorder = Not limited by gender
6 - 18 months, this can still occur, but more common in 3 - 12 months
• Select the type of amnesia in which patients are aware of their memory loss with
repeated questioning.
A. Substance related
B. Posttraumatic
C. Transient global
D. Dissociative -✓✓C. Transient global
Substance related = Confused/unaware during intoxication
Posttraumatic = Followed by head injury. Pt may be confused/unconscious and often
doesn't realize they've lost memory until after recovery.
Transient global = Awareness of memory loss and repeated questioning. Can't form
new memories. Lasts for less than 24 hours, and memory returns fully after.
Dissociative = Retrograde amnesia due to stress/trauma. Patients may not be aware of
the memory loss, and there is often emotional detachment.
• Select the 2 characteristics of impulses that are usually absent from compulsions.
A. Pleasure seeking
B. Psychological impairment
C. Commiting actions
D. Repetitive performance -✓✓A. Pleasure seeking & B. Psychological impairment
Pleasure Seeking
- Impulses are usually pleasurable
- Compulsions are NOT pleasurable, they relieve anxiety but feel distressing/forced
Psychological Impairment
- Impulses don't always cause immediate psychological impairment during the act.
- Usually causes psychological distress
, Committing Actions
- Impulses AND compulsions involve taking action (stealing vs. handwashing). This is
NOT a distinguishing factor.
Repetitive Performance
- Compulsions are defined by repetitive behavior. Impulses may or may not be
repetitive.
• Mothers with high anxiety are more likely to have irritable and hyperactive babies with
feeding and sleeping difficulties than mothers with low anxiety levels.
A. True
B. False
C. I don't know -✓✓A. True
• Gender identity begins to manifest at 18 months and is often fixed by 24-30 months.
A. True
B. False
C. I don't know -✓✓A. True
Around 24-30 months, children identify as "I'm a boy" or "I'm a girl"
• Social phobia and excessive clinging to parents may be symptoms of depression in
teenagers.
A. True
B. False -✓✓A. True
Depression in Teens
- Social withdrawal/phobia
- Excessive clinging to parents or caregiver (esp if anxious or insecure)
- Irritability, anger, defiance
- Poor academic performance
• Select the most common co-occurring anxiety disorders that may present with
generalized anxiety disorder
A. PTSD
B. Dissociative disorder
C. OCD
D. Delusion disorder -✓✓A. PTSD & C. OCD
PTSD