NR 566 Midterm Study Guide | Study Questions
and detailed Answers complete solutions | A+
Graded | 2026 Updates | 100% correct
Common CAP pathogens - ANSWER- S. Pneumoniae (most common)
H. Influenzae (smokers/COPD)
P. Aeruginosa (CF)
CAP first line treatment - ANSWER- Macrolides, Doxycyline, Amoxicillin
what to give if 1st CAP treatment doesn't work? - ANSWER- Respiratory Fluoroquinolone if
not received abx in the past 3 months
Mycoplasma pneumoniae - ANSWER- atypical pneumonia; commonly seen in children
pediatric atypical pneumonia treatment - ANSWER- Macrolides (Erythromycin), if failed then
Respiratory fluoroquinolone
CAP treatment during pregnancy - ANSWER- Amoxicillin, cephalosporins, or Erythromycin
Treatment of chlamydial pneumonia in infant - ANSWER- Macrolide (Azithromycin): 500mg
orally on day 1 followed by 250 mg once daily on days 2-5
When to use broad/empiric spectrum antibiotics? - ANSWER- Before cultures are resulted/
critically ill patient after first culture obtained, based on NP knowledge of patient history, local
susceptibility/geographic location
When to use narrow spectrum antibiotics? - ANSWER- Used when the culture and sensitivity
is resulted, and pathogen is known.
how to treat C.diff - ANSWER- Stop the antibiotic that may have caused it
1st: Vancomycin 125 mg PO QID x 10 days.
2nd: Metronidazole 500mg PO TID x 10 days
, address hydration
Drug class known for ALL drugs in class to promote development of C. Diff - ANSWER- 2nd
and 3rd generation Cephalosporins
Penicillin: Cross-sensitivity reactions with which drug classes - ANSWER- Cephalosporins &
Carbapenems
(Allergy may be mild or severe)
Safe penicillin during pregancy - ANSWER- Amoxicillin
patient education for Cephalosporins - ANSWER- Report to provider any loose stools,
complete full course of antibiotics, s/s of allergy
Cephalosporins in pregnancy - ANSWER- All appear safe for use
patient education for Tetracyclines - ANSWER- photosensitivity (wear sunscreen!), complete
full course, s/s of allergy
Tetracyclines in pregnancy - ANSWER- Can lead to fetal death; avoided for use
Patient education for macrolides - ANSWER- Take with meals to avoid GI upset,
contraindicated w/ warfarin
Aminoglycoside patient teaching - ANSWER- Patients should report tinnitus, high-frequency
hearing loss, persistent headache, nausea, dizziness or vertigo
sulfonamides patient teaching - ANSWER- Finish full course
Increase fluid intake to 8-10 cups/day
Take on empty stomach
Avoid sun exposure/wear sunscreen
Sulfonamides during pregnancy - ANSWER- not to be used during 1st trimester, can cause
kernicterus in infants
Gentamicin renal dose adjustments - ANSWER- decreased dosage for renal impaired
tinea capitis treatment - ANSWER- oral griseofulvin
drug to treat aspergillosis (Fungal Pneumonia) - ANSWER- Voriconazole
and detailed Answers complete solutions | A+
Graded | 2026 Updates | 100% correct
Common CAP pathogens - ANSWER- S. Pneumoniae (most common)
H. Influenzae (smokers/COPD)
P. Aeruginosa (CF)
CAP first line treatment - ANSWER- Macrolides, Doxycyline, Amoxicillin
what to give if 1st CAP treatment doesn't work? - ANSWER- Respiratory Fluoroquinolone if
not received abx in the past 3 months
Mycoplasma pneumoniae - ANSWER- atypical pneumonia; commonly seen in children
pediatric atypical pneumonia treatment - ANSWER- Macrolides (Erythromycin), if failed then
Respiratory fluoroquinolone
CAP treatment during pregnancy - ANSWER- Amoxicillin, cephalosporins, or Erythromycin
Treatment of chlamydial pneumonia in infant - ANSWER- Macrolide (Azithromycin): 500mg
orally on day 1 followed by 250 mg once daily on days 2-5
When to use broad/empiric spectrum antibiotics? - ANSWER- Before cultures are resulted/
critically ill patient after first culture obtained, based on NP knowledge of patient history, local
susceptibility/geographic location
When to use narrow spectrum antibiotics? - ANSWER- Used when the culture and sensitivity
is resulted, and pathogen is known.
how to treat C.diff - ANSWER- Stop the antibiotic that may have caused it
1st: Vancomycin 125 mg PO QID x 10 days.
2nd: Metronidazole 500mg PO TID x 10 days
, address hydration
Drug class known for ALL drugs in class to promote development of C. Diff - ANSWER- 2nd
and 3rd generation Cephalosporins
Penicillin: Cross-sensitivity reactions with which drug classes - ANSWER- Cephalosporins &
Carbapenems
(Allergy may be mild or severe)
Safe penicillin during pregancy - ANSWER- Amoxicillin
patient education for Cephalosporins - ANSWER- Report to provider any loose stools,
complete full course of antibiotics, s/s of allergy
Cephalosporins in pregnancy - ANSWER- All appear safe for use
patient education for Tetracyclines - ANSWER- photosensitivity (wear sunscreen!), complete
full course, s/s of allergy
Tetracyclines in pregnancy - ANSWER- Can lead to fetal death; avoided for use
Patient education for macrolides - ANSWER- Take with meals to avoid GI upset,
contraindicated w/ warfarin
Aminoglycoside patient teaching - ANSWER- Patients should report tinnitus, high-frequency
hearing loss, persistent headache, nausea, dizziness or vertigo
sulfonamides patient teaching - ANSWER- Finish full course
Increase fluid intake to 8-10 cups/day
Take on empty stomach
Avoid sun exposure/wear sunscreen
Sulfonamides during pregnancy - ANSWER- not to be used during 1st trimester, can cause
kernicterus in infants
Gentamicin renal dose adjustments - ANSWER- decreased dosage for renal impaired
tinea capitis treatment - ANSWER- oral griseofulvin
drug to treat aspergillosis (Fungal Pneumonia) - ANSWER- Voriconazole
