SPTM 416 Final Exam – Study Guide, Revision Notes, and Practice Questions for Exam
Preparation
Macro-level Variables - ✔✔factors that can not be influenced by sport policies;
competitiveness, GDP, population, climate, religion, government
Micro-level Variables - ✔✔factors easily influenced by sport policies
Voice and Accountability - ✔✔captures perceptions of the extent to which a country's citizens
are able to participate in selecting their government, as well as freedom of expression freedom
of association, and a free media
Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism - ✔✔measure perceptions of the
likelihood of political instability and/or politically-motivated violence, including terrorism
Government Effectiveness - ✔✔captures perceptions of the quality of public service, the
quality of the civil service and the degree of its independence from political pressures, the
quality of policy formulation and implementation, and the credibility of the government's
commitment to such policies
Regulatory Quality - ✔✔captures perceptions of the ability of the government to formulate
and implement sound policies and regulations that permit and promote private sector
development
Rule of Law - ✔✔captures perceptions of the extent to which agents have confidence in and
abide by the rules of society, and in particular the quality of contract enforcement, property
rights, the police, and the courts, as well as the likelihood of crime and violence
Control of Corruption - ✔✔captures perceptions of the extent to which public power is
exercised for private gain, including both petty and grand forms of corruption, as well as
"capture" of the state by elites and private interests
, Gender Gap - ✔✔economic participation, educational attainment, health and survival, and
political empowerment
Globalization - ✔✔a series of diverse, fluid and unpredictable global flows that include the
movement of capital, technology, people and mediated image
Why Globalization - ✔✔plateaued markets in home economy, connectivity, and easiness
(Friedman the world is flat)
Friedman's Stages of Globalization: Stage 1 - ✔✔(1492-1800) countries
Friedman's Stages of Globalization: Stage 2 - ✔✔(1800-2000) multinational companies
Friedman's Stages of Globalization: Stage 3 - ✔✔(2000 to present) individual
Global interaction - ✔✔employees, customers, suppliers, competitors, governments,
governing agencies, and investors
Cultural imperialism - ✔✔westernization instead globalizations, homogeneity, and destroying
local culture
Impact of Isolation: Western Europe - ✔✔connectivity as opposed to Japan or South Africa of
US
Impact of Isolation: England - ✔✔on fringe, isolated by land, isolated ideas
Serbia - ✔✔criminals
Preparation
Macro-level Variables - ✔✔factors that can not be influenced by sport policies;
competitiveness, GDP, population, climate, religion, government
Micro-level Variables - ✔✔factors easily influenced by sport policies
Voice and Accountability - ✔✔captures perceptions of the extent to which a country's citizens
are able to participate in selecting their government, as well as freedom of expression freedom
of association, and a free media
Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism - ✔✔measure perceptions of the
likelihood of political instability and/or politically-motivated violence, including terrorism
Government Effectiveness - ✔✔captures perceptions of the quality of public service, the
quality of the civil service and the degree of its independence from political pressures, the
quality of policy formulation and implementation, and the credibility of the government's
commitment to such policies
Regulatory Quality - ✔✔captures perceptions of the ability of the government to formulate
and implement sound policies and regulations that permit and promote private sector
development
Rule of Law - ✔✔captures perceptions of the extent to which agents have confidence in and
abide by the rules of society, and in particular the quality of contract enforcement, property
rights, the police, and the courts, as well as the likelihood of crime and violence
Control of Corruption - ✔✔captures perceptions of the extent to which public power is
exercised for private gain, including both petty and grand forms of corruption, as well as
"capture" of the state by elites and private interests
, Gender Gap - ✔✔economic participation, educational attainment, health and survival, and
political empowerment
Globalization - ✔✔a series of diverse, fluid and unpredictable global flows that include the
movement of capital, technology, people and mediated image
Why Globalization - ✔✔plateaued markets in home economy, connectivity, and easiness
(Friedman the world is flat)
Friedman's Stages of Globalization: Stage 1 - ✔✔(1492-1800) countries
Friedman's Stages of Globalization: Stage 2 - ✔✔(1800-2000) multinational companies
Friedman's Stages of Globalization: Stage 3 - ✔✔(2000 to present) individual
Global interaction - ✔✔employees, customers, suppliers, competitors, governments,
governing agencies, and investors
Cultural imperialism - ✔✔westernization instead globalizations, homogeneity, and destroying
local culture
Impact of Isolation: Western Europe - ✔✔connectivity as opposed to Japan or South Africa of
US
Impact of Isolation: England - ✔✔on fringe, isolated by land, isolated ideas
Serbia - ✔✔criminals
