NR 224 Exam 2 Fundamentals Skills
Chamberlain Comprehensive Questions with
Verified Answers and Rationales
Question 1
You are caring for a patient who has diabetes complicated by kidney
disease. You need to make a detailed assessment when administering
medications because this patient may experience problems with:
• A. Absorption
• B. Biotransformation
• C. Distribution
• D. Excretion
Correct Answer: D. Excretion
Rationale:
1. Kidney disease impairs medication excretion.
2. Medications may accumulate to toxic levels.
3. The source indicates D is correct.
,2|Page
4. Dosage adjustments are often needed for renal impairment.
Question 2
Which of the following indicates that an elderly client has been affected
by polypharmacy?
• A. Medications that might prove beneficial are not prescribed.
• B. Medications are used to counteract side effects of currently
prescribed medications.
• C. There is no improvement in a condition even after discontinuation of
a medication.
• D. Medications that are contraindicated are not prescribed.
Correct Answer: B. Medications are used to counteract side effects of
currently prescribed medications.
Rationale:
1. Polypharmacy often leads to prescribing cascade.
2. Medications are added to treat side effects of other drugs.
3. The source indicates B is correct.
4. This increases the risk of adverse drug events.
Question 3
,3|Page
When caring for clients experiencing pain, a nurse should recognize that
which of the following natural substances decrease pain transmission.
(Select all that apply.)
• A. Substance P
• B. Serotonin
• C. Bradykinin
• D. Endorphins
• E. Histamine
Correct Answer: B. Serotonin, D. Endorphins
Rationale:
1. Serotonin inhibits pain transmission in the spinal cord.
2. Endorphins are endogenous opioids that reduce pain.
3. Substance P, bradykinin, and histamine increase pain transmission.
4. The source indicates B and D are correct.
Question 4
A nurse is administering eardrops to an 8-year-old patient with an ear
infection. How does the nurse pull the patient's ear when administering
the medication?
• A. Outward
, 4|Page
• B. Back
• C. Upward and back
• D. Upward and outward
Correct Answer: D. Upward and outward
Rationale:
1. For children over 3 years, pull the ear upward and outward.
2. This straightens the ear canal.
3. The source indicates D is correct.
4. For children under 3, pull down and back.
Question 5
A postoperative patient is receiving morphine sulfate via PCA. The nurse
assesses that the patient's respirations are depressed. The effects of the
morphine sulfate can be classified as:
• A. Allergic.
• B. Idiosyncratic.
• C. Therapeutic.
• D. Toxic.
Correct Answer: D. Toxic
Rationale: