NSPN 7100 FINAL EXAM LATEST
During transition what physiological change occurs?
- Arterial pO2 rises
- Pressure gradient change
- Fetal shunts close
- Lungs assume resp function
During neonatal period, what are physiological adjustment tasks
that need to be made?
- Establishing and maintaining respirations
- Adjusting to circulatory changes
- Regulating temp
- Ingesting, retaining and digesting nutrients
- Eliminating waste
- Regulating weight
During neonatal period what behavioural tasks need to be made?
- Establishing a regulated behavioural temp independent of mother
- Processing, storing, and organizing multiple stimuli
- Establish a relationship w/ caregiver and environment
First period of reactivity:
- Up to 30 minutes after birth
- HR increases to 160-80, gradually falls after 30 min to baseline of 100-
120
- Resps are irregular to resp rate of 60-80
- Fine crackles, audible grunting, nasal flaring, and retractions of chest
- Infant is alert, may cry
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1
, NSPN 7100 FINAL EXAM LATEST
- Tremor bowels audible
- Meconium may pass
Period of decreased responsiveness:
- 60-100 mins
- Decrease in motor activity
- Infant is pink
- Respirations are shallow, unlaboured
- Bowels audible and peristaltic
- Waves may be noted over rounded abdomen
Second period of reactivity:
- Occurs between 2-8 h after birth
- Lasts from 10 min to several hours
- Brief periods of tachycardia, tachypnea
- Increased muscle tone
- Changes in skin color and mucus production
- Meconium commonly passed in this stage
5 subsystems of infant interactions with environment:
- Autonomic: resp, color, visceral function such as regurg, twitching and
stooping
- Motor: tone, posture, movement
- State: infants state of alertness/ arousal or consciousness, how each
state is defined and transition between states
- Attentive/ interactive: ability to attend to sensory stimulation, such as
faces and noises
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2
, NSPN 7100 FINAL EXAM LATEST
- Self-regulatory: infants' ability all the other systems in a synchronous
matter
What causes the foramen oval to close?
- Increase pulmonary blood flow from L side of heart which increases
pressure in LA
What causes the ductus arteriosus to close?
- Increase oxygenation and circulating levels of prostaglandin E2
What are the 4 purposeful behaviours infants use to maintain
optimal arousal states:
- Actively withdrawing by increasing physical distance
- Rejecting by pushing away w/ hands and feet
- Decreasing sensitive by falling asleep or breaking eye contact by
turning head
- Using signaling behaviours such as fussing or crying
Habituation:
decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation. As infants gain
familiarity with repeated exposure to a visual stimulus, their interest
wanes and they look away sooner.
Parental behaviours that are positive to attachment:
- Eye contact
- Facial expressions
- En face positioning
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PAGE
3
During transition what physiological change occurs?
- Arterial pO2 rises
- Pressure gradient change
- Fetal shunts close
- Lungs assume resp function
During neonatal period, what are physiological adjustment tasks
that need to be made?
- Establishing and maintaining respirations
- Adjusting to circulatory changes
- Regulating temp
- Ingesting, retaining and digesting nutrients
- Eliminating waste
- Regulating weight
During neonatal period what behavioural tasks need to be made?
- Establishing a regulated behavioural temp independent of mother
- Processing, storing, and organizing multiple stimuli
- Establish a relationship w/ caregiver and environment
First period of reactivity:
- Up to 30 minutes after birth
- HR increases to 160-80, gradually falls after 30 min to baseline of 100-
120
- Resps are irregular to resp rate of 60-80
- Fine crackles, audible grunting, nasal flaring, and retractions of chest
- Infant is alert, may cry
END OF
PAGE
1
, NSPN 7100 FINAL EXAM LATEST
- Tremor bowels audible
- Meconium may pass
Period of decreased responsiveness:
- 60-100 mins
- Decrease in motor activity
- Infant is pink
- Respirations are shallow, unlaboured
- Bowels audible and peristaltic
- Waves may be noted over rounded abdomen
Second period of reactivity:
- Occurs between 2-8 h after birth
- Lasts from 10 min to several hours
- Brief periods of tachycardia, tachypnea
- Increased muscle tone
- Changes in skin color and mucus production
- Meconium commonly passed in this stage
5 subsystems of infant interactions with environment:
- Autonomic: resp, color, visceral function such as regurg, twitching and
stooping
- Motor: tone, posture, movement
- State: infants state of alertness/ arousal or consciousness, how each
state is defined and transition between states
- Attentive/ interactive: ability to attend to sensory stimulation, such as
faces and noises
END OF
PAGE
2
, NSPN 7100 FINAL EXAM LATEST
- Self-regulatory: infants' ability all the other systems in a synchronous
matter
What causes the foramen oval to close?
- Increase pulmonary blood flow from L side of heart which increases
pressure in LA
What causes the ductus arteriosus to close?
- Increase oxygenation and circulating levels of prostaglandin E2
What are the 4 purposeful behaviours infants use to maintain
optimal arousal states:
- Actively withdrawing by increasing physical distance
- Rejecting by pushing away w/ hands and feet
- Decreasing sensitive by falling asleep or breaking eye contact by
turning head
- Using signaling behaviours such as fussing or crying
Habituation:
decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation. As infants gain
familiarity with repeated exposure to a visual stimulus, their interest
wanes and they look away sooner.
Parental behaviours that are positive to attachment:
- Eye contact
- Facial expressions
- En face positioning
END OF
PAGE
3
