BME Exam 1 – Biomedical Engineering Study Guide (Key Concepts, Practice
Questions & Answers)
What is Biomedical Engineering? - ✔✔Using engineering techniques or ideas to solve medical
problems.
How do cells work at a molecular level? - ✔✔Molecules like DNA, proteins, and lipids help cells
function through chemical reactions.
What makes cells different? - ✔✔Cell phenotype, growth, and tissue organization make cells
unique.
Name body systems and their functions. - ✔✔Nervous (signals),
Immune (fights infections),
Endocrine (hormones),
Respiratory (breathing),
Cardiovascular (blood flow),
Digestive (food breakdown),
Excretory (waste removal).
What is precision in biomedical measurements? - ✔✔Precision is how exact a measurement is.
What is reliability in biomedical measurements? - ✔✔Reliability is how consistent results are.
What is statistical variation? - ✔✔Natural differences in data due to randomness.
What is Tissue Engineering? - ✔✔Creating skin, organs, or tissues to replace damaged ones.
, What is Personalized Medicine? - ✔✔Tailoring treatments based on a person's genes and
lifestyle.
How does imaging help healthcare? - ✔✔It allows doctors to see inside the body for diagnosis
and treatment planning.
List the common elements in the human body. - ✔✔Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen,
Calcuim, Phosphorus
Name the 4 classes of biopolymers. - ✔✔Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids.
Describe water distribution in the body. - ✔✔TBW ~60%; ICF 40%, ECF 20% (Interstitial 15%,
Intravascular 5%).
What are polar molecules? - ✔✔Molecules that have an unequal distribution of charges
What are non-polar molecules? - ✔✔Molecules without charge differences (e.g., fats).
What is a polymer? - ✔✔A large molecule made of repeating monomers.
What reaction forms polymers? - ✔✔Condensation reaction (removes water).
What are polysaccharides and their functions? - ✔✔Long chains of sugars used for energy
storage and structure.
Describe lipid structure. - ✔✔Hydrocarbon chains + glycerol backbone.
Questions & Answers)
What is Biomedical Engineering? - ✔✔Using engineering techniques or ideas to solve medical
problems.
How do cells work at a molecular level? - ✔✔Molecules like DNA, proteins, and lipids help cells
function through chemical reactions.
What makes cells different? - ✔✔Cell phenotype, growth, and tissue organization make cells
unique.
Name body systems and their functions. - ✔✔Nervous (signals),
Immune (fights infections),
Endocrine (hormones),
Respiratory (breathing),
Cardiovascular (blood flow),
Digestive (food breakdown),
Excretory (waste removal).
What is precision in biomedical measurements? - ✔✔Precision is how exact a measurement is.
What is reliability in biomedical measurements? - ✔✔Reliability is how consistent results are.
What is statistical variation? - ✔✔Natural differences in data due to randomness.
What is Tissue Engineering? - ✔✔Creating skin, organs, or tissues to replace damaged ones.
, What is Personalized Medicine? - ✔✔Tailoring treatments based on a person's genes and
lifestyle.
How does imaging help healthcare? - ✔✔It allows doctors to see inside the body for diagnosis
and treatment planning.
List the common elements in the human body. - ✔✔Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen,
Calcuim, Phosphorus
Name the 4 classes of biopolymers. - ✔✔Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids.
Describe water distribution in the body. - ✔✔TBW ~60%; ICF 40%, ECF 20% (Interstitial 15%,
Intravascular 5%).
What are polar molecules? - ✔✔Molecules that have an unequal distribution of charges
What are non-polar molecules? - ✔✔Molecules without charge differences (e.g., fats).
What is a polymer? - ✔✔A large molecule made of repeating monomers.
What reaction forms polymers? - ✔✔Condensation reaction (removes water).
What are polysaccharides and their functions? - ✔✔Long chains of sugars used for energy
storage and structure.
Describe lipid structure. - ✔✔Hydrocarbon chains + glycerol backbone.
