NR 325 Adult Health III Week 5 Study Guide Quiz 2026 |Chamberlain
College
1. A nurse is preparing to administer a unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) to
a client. What is the most critical action to prevent a transfusion reaction?
A. Administering the blood over a period of 6 hours
B. Warming the blood to room temperature before administration
C. Verifying the client’s identity and blood product with another RN
D. Checking the client’s temperature every 5 minutes
Answer: C
Rationale: The most common cause of hemolytic transfusion reactions is clerical error.
Strict verification by two licensed professionals is required.
2. A client with leukemia is experiencing neutropenia. Which of the following
should the nurse include in the plan of care?
A. Encouraging the client to eat fresh salads and fruits
B. Ensuring everyone performs strict hand hygiene before entering the room
C. Placing fresh flowers and plants in the client’s room
D. Taking the client’s temperature once every 24 hours
Answer: B
Rationale: Neutropenic clients are at high risk for infection; strict hand hygiene is the most
effective way to prevent the spread of pathogens.
,3. Which laboratory value should the nurse prioritize when assessing a client for
Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS) following chemotherapy?
A. Decreased serum potassium
B. Increased serum calcium
C. Decreased serum phosphorus
D. Increased serum uric acid
Answer: D
Rationale: TLS results in hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and
hypocalcemia due to rapid destruction of tumor cells.
4. A nurse is caring for a client with Superior Vena Cava (SVC) Syndrome. Which
clinical manifestation is most characteristic of this condition?
A. Facial and periorbital edema
B. Numbness and tingling in the lower extremities
C. Severe hypotension and bradycardia
D. Profuse diarrhea and abdominal cramping
Answer: A
Rationale: SVC Syndrome is caused by obstruction of the superior vena cava, leading to
venous congestion in the head, neck, and upper extremities.
5. The nurse is assessing a client with Multiple Myeloma. Which finding is most
common in this diagnosis?
A. Pathologic bone fractures and bone pain
B. Excessive production of red blood cells
C. Elevated levels of hemoglobin
D. Increased insulin sensitivity
Answer: A
Rationale: Multiple Myeloma involves malignant plasma cells infiltrating bone marrow
and destroying bone, leading to hypercalcemia and fractures.
, 6. A client is diagnosed with Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC). What
is the primary underlying pathophysiology?
A. Excessive production of platelets causing arterial clots
B. An isolated deficiency in Factor VIII
C. A hereditary inability to produce Vitamin K
D. Simultaneous excessive clotting and depletion of clotting factors
Answer: D
Rationale: DIC is a paradoxical condition where widespread clotting uses up all
coagulation factors, leading to massive hemorrhage.
7. Which medication is the preferred antidote for a client experiencing an acute
hemolytic transfusion reaction?
A. Vitamin K
B. Protamine sulfate
C. There is no specific antidote; focus on IV fluids and support
D. Naloxone
Answer: C
Rationale: There is no specific antidote for a hemolytic reaction; the transfusion must be
stopped immediately, and management focuses on airway and renal perfusion.
8. A nurse is monitoring a client receiving a blood transfusion. The client
develops a fever, chills, and lower back pain. What is the nurse’s first action?
A. Slow the infusion rate
B. Notify the blood bank
C. Administer prescribed acetaminophen
D. Stop the transfusion immediately
Answer: D
Rationale: These symptoms suggest a hemolytic reaction. The transfusion must be stopped
immediately to prevent further infusion of incompatible blood.
College
1. A nurse is preparing to administer a unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) to
a client. What is the most critical action to prevent a transfusion reaction?
A. Administering the blood over a period of 6 hours
B. Warming the blood to room temperature before administration
C. Verifying the client’s identity and blood product with another RN
D. Checking the client’s temperature every 5 minutes
Answer: C
Rationale: The most common cause of hemolytic transfusion reactions is clerical error.
Strict verification by two licensed professionals is required.
2. A client with leukemia is experiencing neutropenia. Which of the following
should the nurse include in the plan of care?
A. Encouraging the client to eat fresh salads and fruits
B. Ensuring everyone performs strict hand hygiene before entering the room
C. Placing fresh flowers and plants in the client’s room
D. Taking the client’s temperature once every 24 hours
Answer: B
Rationale: Neutropenic clients are at high risk for infection; strict hand hygiene is the most
effective way to prevent the spread of pathogens.
,3. Which laboratory value should the nurse prioritize when assessing a client for
Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS) following chemotherapy?
A. Decreased serum potassium
B. Increased serum calcium
C. Decreased serum phosphorus
D. Increased serum uric acid
Answer: D
Rationale: TLS results in hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and
hypocalcemia due to rapid destruction of tumor cells.
4. A nurse is caring for a client with Superior Vena Cava (SVC) Syndrome. Which
clinical manifestation is most characteristic of this condition?
A. Facial and periorbital edema
B. Numbness and tingling in the lower extremities
C. Severe hypotension and bradycardia
D. Profuse diarrhea and abdominal cramping
Answer: A
Rationale: SVC Syndrome is caused by obstruction of the superior vena cava, leading to
venous congestion in the head, neck, and upper extremities.
5. The nurse is assessing a client with Multiple Myeloma. Which finding is most
common in this diagnosis?
A. Pathologic bone fractures and bone pain
B. Excessive production of red blood cells
C. Elevated levels of hemoglobin
D. Increased insulin sensitivity
Answer: A
Rationale: Multiple Myeloma involves malignant plasma cells infiltrating bone marrow
and destroying bone, leading to hypercalcemia and fractures.
, 6. A client is diagnosed with Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC). What
is the primary underlying pathophysiology?
A. Excessive production of platelets causing arterial clots
B. An isolated deficiency in Factor VIII
C. A hereditary inability to produce Vitamin K
D. Simultaneous excessive clotting and depletion of clotting factors
Answer: D
Rationale: DIC is a paradoxical condition where widespread clotting uses up all
coagulation factors, leading to massive hemorrhage.
7. Which medication is the preferred antidote for a client experiencing an acute
hemolytic transfusion reaction?
A. Vitamin K
B. Protamine sulfate
C. There is no specific antidote; focus on IV fluids and support
D. Naloxone
Answer: C
Rationale: There is no specific antidote for a hemolytic reaction; the transfusion must be
stopped immediately, and management focuses on airway and renal perfusion.
8. A nurse is monitoring a client receiving a blood transfusion. The client
develops a fever, chills, and lower back pain. What is the nurse’s first action?
A. Slow the infusion rate
B. Notify the blood bank
C. Administer prescribed acetaminophen
D. Stop the transfusion immediately
Answer: D
Rationale: These symptoms suggest a hemolytic reaction. The transfusion must be stopped
immediately to prevent further infusion of incompatible blood.
