MEDSURG MIDTERM RN QUIZZES CERTIFICATION SCRIPT
2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
● Respiratory Assessment. Answer: Evaluation of rate, depth, symmetry, and breath
sounds
● Normal Respiratory Rate. Answer: 12 to 20 breaths per minute in adults
● Dyspnea. Answer: Subjective sensation of difficulty breathing
● Orthopnea. Answer: Difficulty breathing when lying flat
● Crackles. Answer: Discontinuous, popping breath sounds indicating fluid in the alveoli
● Rhonchi. Answer: Coarse, low-pitched breath sounds from secretions in larger airways
● Wheezes. Answer: High-pitched sounds caused by airway narrowing
● Stridor. Answer: High-pitched inspiratory sound indicating upper airway obstruction
● Tracheal Deviation. Answer: Shift of the trachea indicating pneumothorax or tension
pneumothorax
● Barrel Chest. Answer: Increased AP diameter indicating chronic air trapping, seen in
COPD
● Pursed Lip Breathing. Answer: Exhaling slowly through pursed lips to maintain airway
pressure
● Tripod Position. Answer: Leaning forward with hands on knees to maximize breathing
effort
● Incentive Spirometry. Answer: Device promoting deep breathing to prevent atelectasis
● Atelectasis. Answer: Collapse of lung tissue reducing gas exchange
● Pneumonia. Answer: Infection of the lung parenchyma
● Community-Acquired Pneumonia. Answer: Pneumonia contracted outside of a
healthcare setting
, ● Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia. Answer: Pneumonia developing 48 or more hours after
hospital admission
● Aspiration Pneumonia. Answer: Lung infection caused by inhaling material from mouth or
stomach
● COPD. Answer: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease including emphysema and chronic
bronchitis
● Emphysema. Answer: Destruction of alveolar walls reducing lung surface area
● Chronic Bronchitis. Answer: Chronic productive cough for three or more months for two
consecutive years
● Asthma. Answer: Reversible airway obstruction and inflammation
● Bronchodilators. Answer: Medications relaxing bronchial smooth muscle to open airways
● Corticosteroids. Answer: Anti-inflammatory medications used in asthma and COPD
● Nebulizer. Answer: Device converting liquid medication to fine mist for inhalation
● Metered-Dose Inhaler. Answer: Handheld device delivering medication directly to the
airways
● Peak Flow Meter. Answer: Device measuring maximum airflow to monitor asthma control
● Pulmonary Edema. Answer: Accumulation of fluid in the alveoli causing impaired gas
exchange
● ARDS. Answer: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome with severe hypoxemia and bilateral
infiltrates
● Pneumothorax. Answer: Air in the pleural space causing lung collapse
● Tension Pneumothorax. Answer: Life-threatening pneumothorax shifting mediastinal
structures
● Chest Tube. Answer: Drainage device inserted to remove air or fluid from pleural space
● Thoracentesis. Answer: Needle aspiration of fluid from the pleural space
● Mechanical Ventilation. Answer: Machine-assisted breathing for patients unable to
breathe adequately
2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
● Respiratory Assessment. Answer: Evaluation of rate, depth, symmetry, and breath
sounds
● Normal Respiratory Rate. Answer: 12 to 20 breaths per minute in adults
● Dyspnea. Answer: Subjective sensation of difficulty breathing
● Orthopnea. Answer: Difficulty breathing when lying flat
● Crackles. Answer: Discontinuous, popping breath sounds indicating fluid in the alveoli
● Rhonchi. Answer: Coarse, low-pitched breath sounds from secretions in larger airways
● Wheezes. Answer: High-pitched sounds caused by airway narrowing
● Stridor. Answer: High-pitched inspiratory sound indicating upper airway obstruction
● Tracheal Deviation. Answer: Shift of the trachea indicating pneumothorax or tension
pneumothorax
● Barrel Chest. Answer: Increased AP diameter indicating chronic air trapping, seen in
COPD
● Pursed Lip Breathing. Answer: Exhaling slowly through pursed lips to maintain airway
pressure
● Tripod Position. Answer: Leaning forward with hands on knees to maximize breathing
effort
● Incentive Spirometry. Answer: Device promoting deep breathing to prevent atelectasis
● Atelectasis. Answer: Collapse of lung tissue reducing gas exchange
● Pneumonia. Answer: Infection of the lung parenchyma
● Community-Acquired Pneumonia. Answer: Pneumonia contracted outside of a
healthcare setting
, ● Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia. Answer: Pneumonia developing 48 or more hours after
hospital admission
● Aspiration Pneumonia. Answer: Lung infection caused by inhaling material from mouth or
stomach
● COPD. Answer: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease including emphysema and chronic
bronchitis
● Emphysema. Answer: Destruction of alveolar walls reducing lung surface area
● Chronic Bronchitis. Answer: Chronic productive cough for three or more months for two
consecutive years
● Asthma. Answer: Reversible airway obstruction and inflammation
● Bronchodilators. Answer: Medications relaxing bronchial smooth muscle to open airways
● Corticosteroids. Answer: Anti-inflammatory medications used in asthma and COPD
● Nebulizer. Answer: Device converting liquid medication to fine mist for inhalation
● Metered-Dose Inhaler. Answer: Handheld device delivering medication directly to the
airways
● Peak Flow Meter. Answer: Device measuring maximum airflow to monitor asthma control
● Pulmonary Edema. Answer: Accumulation of fluid in the alveoli causing impaired gas
exchange
● ARDS. Answer: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome with severe hypoxemia and bilateral
infiltrates
● Pneumothorax. Answer: Air in the pleural space causing lung collapse
● Tension Pneumothorax. Answer: Life-threatening pneumothorax shifting mediastinal
structures
● Chest Tube. Answer: Drainage device inserted to remove air or fluid from pleural space
● Thoracentesis. Answer: Needle aspiration of fluid from the pleural space
● Mechanical Ventilation. Answer: Machine-assisted breathing for patients unable to
breathe adequately
